Literature. Two sides of the coin.

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Mikhail Lomonosov was the father of modern Russian science and culture.

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Mechanics, physics, chemistry, metallurgy, astronomy, geography, linguistics, poetry - these are the main industries in which he worked.
He made many discoveries everywhere.

Mikhail Lomonosov worked much in the field of culture. The most remarkable thing was the combination of academic, social and poetic activity.

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Lomonosov saw that the Russian language was heavily littered with foreign words, and was rather outdated.
He set himself the task to clear the Russian language, to reveal its content.
Lomonosov carried out tremendous work in the development of Russian literary language based on the popularity.
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Poetry of Lomonosov is  deeply ideological, patriotic and civic.

I am keen on learning English, and I found it interesting to find out which English writers lived in the era of Lomonosov and contributed to the development of English literature.

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They were Samuel Richardson, Laurence Sterne, Henry Fielding, Oliver Goldsmith, Daniel Defoe, and others. It turned out that the contemporary of Mikhail Lomonosov and was Jonathan Swift, whose book "Gulliver's Travels" is familiar to us. I would like to draw your attention to this work today.

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Jonathan Swift (1667 -1745) was the greatest of English satirists. His bitter satire was aimed at the contemporary social order in general, and the policy of the English bourgeoisie towards the Irish in particular. In 1726 Swift’s masterpiece “Gulliver ‘s Travels” appeared. His inventive genius and biting satire in this work made a great sensation.

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In “Gulliver’s Travels” Jonathan Swift satirized existing society in the form of imaginary travels. The scenes and nations described in the book are so extraordinary and amusing, that the novel is favorite both with children and grown-ups. It tells about the adventures of a ship’s surgeon, as told by him himself, and is divided into four parts, or four voyages.

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There are some interesting facts connected with "Gulliver's Travels."

· The words “lilliput” and “yahoo” invented by Swift went into many languages.

· In "Gulliver's Travels," two Mars’ satellites are mentioned , they ware discovered only in the XIX century.

· Almost all of fictional countries, except (possibly) the country of horses, the author located in the Pacific Ocean, then scarcely were explored.

· The first Russian translation of "Gulliver's Travels" was released in 1772-1773, and had the name"Travels in Lilliput Gulliverovy, Brodinyagu, Laputa, Balnibarby, Guigngmskuyu country or to the horses." The book was translated by the French editor Erofei Karzhavin.

· Despite the fact that Japan is the real country, it was described with many imaginative facts: the Europeans could not get to the emperor’s court, they were allowed to stay only in Nagasaki, and only the Dutch could do that (though Gulliver pretends to be from the Dutch province of Geldern). In addition, the return is accompanied by a Japanese officer, but the Japanese were forbidden to travel outside their country until the middle of the XIX century.

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The book was filmed many times.
      
In 1902 Georges Melies the French director released - the first silent short film.

In 1935, Alexander Lukic Ptushko carries out a very bold experiment -full-length animated film - "The New Gulliver".

A year later, the Spanish director and screenwriter Segundo de Chaumont releases his film version - "Gulliver in the country of giants.

December 22, 1939 American film studio «Paramount Pictures» released the full-color animated project "Gulliver's Travels"