речь учителя на уроке английского языка
учебно-методический материал по английскому языку

Русское предложение

Рекомендуемый

эквивалент

Ошибочный вариант

Здравствуйте ребята!

Good morning, boys and girls! Or: Good afternoon, everybody! Or: Hello, Form 6! (very informal)

How do you do?1 

Садитесь

Sit down, everybody. Or:

take your places.

*Be    seated. Or: * Take a

seat.

Приготовьтесь к уроку

Get ready for the lesson.

* Get ready to the lesson. Or:

* Prepare for the lesson. ?

Не шумите!

Quieten down, please! Or: Don't  be        noisy!   Or: Don't make so much noise! Or: Quiet, please!

Don't be noisy.

Где ты обычно сидишь?

Where do you usually sit?

Or: Which is your desk?

* Where   is   your   regular

place?

Пересядь на свое место.

(Go and) sit in your own place, please.

* Move to your proper place

Поменяйся местами с Але-

шей.

Will   you   change   places

With Alyosha?

* Change your place  with

Alyosha. Or: * Exchange your places with Alyosha.

Наведи порядок на парте.

Tidy your desk, will you?

* Put your desk in order

Давайте сделаем перекличку

Let's call the register.

* Let's call the roll.

Вставайте, когда я буду называть вашу фамилию.

Please stand up as I call (out) your names.

* Rise as I call out your names.

Сколько человек отсутствует

Составьте список отсутствующих.

How many people are absent?

Could you make up a list of those who are absent?

* How  many  persons  are absent?

* Put down the names of those who are absent.

Ты пропустил мой урок по

уважительной причине?

Do you have a good reason

for  having missed my class?

* Do you have a valid reason

for having missed my class?

Давайте повторим этот звук.

Let's work again on this sound. Or-. Let's do some more work on this sound.

* Let's revise this sound.

Теперь послушайте, как я

произношу этот звук.

Now I want you to listen

to now I  pronounce this

sound.

* I want you to listen how

I pronounce this sound.

Ты должен поработать над

этим звуком дома.

You   must   practise   this

sound at home.  

* You must train this sound

at home.3

Сегодняшний урок мы посвятим подготовке к контрольной.

We'll spend  today’s lesson preparing  for a test.

* We'll devote the lesson to a preparation for a test.4

Начнем с повторения пройденного материала.

Let's revise, the material we've   done   so   far/this term/this year. Or: Let's go over the material we discussed at/in the last lesson/last week/month.

* Let's revise the past material.

1 "How do you do?" is only used when one is introduced to a stranger.

2 "Sit down" is the universal and most usual form. It can be used when the pupil is standing at his desk or after he has finished writing on the blackboard, etc. "Take your places" is more often used if the pupils have moved away from their desks. "Take your places" is never a reprimand. It means that the children have been away from their desks for a perfectly acceptable reason. "Sit. down" on the other hand, may be a reprimand. "Be seated" is old-fashioned or very formal. "Take a seat" means "sit down wherever you wish". It could be said to a guest at a dinner party but not in the classroom.

3 This error is so frequent that we have decided to include here the definition of the verb "train" as given in Hornby's dictionary: "give teaching and practice to (e.g. a child, a soldier, an animal) in order to bring to a desired standard of behaviour, efficiency or physical condition" (Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current English, by A.S. Hornby. M., 1982, p. 414). E.g.: They trained their children to use good manners. So the sentence "You must train this sound at home" suggests training the sound itself to do something.

4 "To devote" is too elevated a style in a classroom situation.

Иди отвечать.

Will you come (out) to the

front?

* Come to  the   blackboard.5

Можно сказать...?

Can you say…?

* Is   it  possible  to  say  ...?

Как ты думаешь?

What do you think?

* How do you think?

Почему ты не отвечаешь?

Why don't you answer?

* Why are you silent?

Не подсказывайте!

Don't tell him the answer!

Or: No whispering the answer!  Or:  Don't help him!

* Don't prompt!6

Нет, это неправильно

No,  that  isn't  quite  right.

Or:   You've  got   it  wrong. Or: You're wrong.

* You are mistaken.

По-моему, ты не знаешь этого правила.

I   don't   think/believe   you know   this rule. Or:  It seems   to   me   you    don't know this rule.

* To my mind you don't know this rule.

Ты это сказал наугад.

You've said it without thinking.

* You've said it at random.

Я снижу тебе оценку

I'll give you a lower mark.

* I'll reduce your mark.

Ты не готов к уроку

You haven't prepared your

homework properly

* You are not ready.

Я завтра снова спрошу тебя.

I'll  ask  you  again  tomorrow.

* I'll call you out tomorrow.

Ты активно работал на уроке.

You  worked well during the lesson.

* You were active during the

lesson.

Я   ставлю   тебе   «отлично».

I'll give you (a) five.

* I'll put you a five.

Теперь   нужно   активизировать,   слова    сегодняшнего урока.

And now it's time to practise today's vocabulary.

* It's time to activate today's vocabulary.

Перейдем к чтению текста.

Let's move on/go on to the reading of the text.

* Let's pass on/pass over to

the  reading   of    the    text.

Достаньте книги.

Will you get out/take out your books? Or:  Get/take your books out, please.

* Put out your books.7

Читай   по   одной   книге с Борисом.                                

Can   you   share   the   book

with Borls? Or:  Please share your book with  Boris. Or:  Share Boris' book with him, will you?

* Use   the   same   book   with Boris.   Or: * Use  one  book with Boris.

Читайте на с. 19.

Read page 19.

* Read on page 19.

Читайте текст до с. 20.

Read the text up to page 20.

* Read the text till page 20.

Он будет читать, а вы следите по своим книгам.

Follow in your books while he is reading.

* Follow   his    reading.    Or: * Follow him.

Посмотрите   в   свои   книги.

Look at your books.

* Look into your books.

Переверните страницу.

Turn over (the page).

* Turn the page.

Слушайте внимательно.

Listen carefully

* Listen attentively.8

Будьте внимательны. Не отвлекайтесь.

Pay attention, will you?

* Be attentive.

Читай быстрее.

Could   you   read a little

faster? Or: Will you go a

bit more quickly?

* Be quick! * Quickly!

5 "Come to the blackboard, please" is used when the teacher wants the pupil to write something on the blackboard (see: Povey J., Walshe I. Op. cit, p. 119).

6  See: Povey J., Walshe I. Op. cit., p. 119.

7 "To   put   out   a   book"   would   mean   «выставить   книгу»   the   way   English   people   put   out milk bottles and the cat before going to bed.

8 In descriptions "attentively" is used  rather than  "carefully". E.g.:  He listened  attentively to everything  the  teacher  was  saying.  But  in  the  imperative  "carefully"  is  used,  with   perhaps one exception: when talking to small children one may say, "Listen attentively."

Ты   должен   читать   вслух

каждый день.

Уберите книги.

Учитель   (стоя  у доски,

обращается к ученику): Иди к доске.

Принеси мел.

Смотрите, что он пишет на

доске.

Отойди   в   сторону,   пожалуйста.

Посмотри на доску.

Ты   видишь,   где   у   тебя

ошибка?

(Кто знает?) Поднимите руки.

(Не все сразу.) По-одному.

Опустите руки.

Сотри это слово.

Ты в мелу.

Откройте тетради.

Ты забыл тетрадь дома?

У него кончилась тетрадь.

У кого есть лишняя тетрадь?

Пиши аккуратно.

Пронумеруйте свои предложения.

You must/should try to read aloud every day.

Put your books away. Or:

Put away your books?,

Will  you  come   (.out)   to

the blackboard? Or: Come

(out)   to the  blackboard, please.

Will you go and fetch/get

some-chalk?

Look  at/pay  attention  to

what he' is writing on the

blackboard.

Will  you  stand/move/step

to one side? Or: Could you

stand/move/step to one side, please?

Look at the blackboard.

Do you/can you see your

mistake?

(Who knows the answer?)

Put up your hands.

(Don't all answer at once.)

One at a time.

Put your hands down.

Rub off/out this word.

You've got some chalk on

you (on your sleeve, etc.).

Open your exercise-books,

please.

.Have you  forgotten your

exercise-book! or:   Have

you left your exercise-book

at home?

His  exercise-book  is  full

up. Or :he's finished his

exercise-book. Or:  He's come  to  the  end  of  his

exercise-book.

Who has a spare exercise-

book (to give him)?

Can you try and write tidily/neatly?

Number your sentences.

* It is necessary that you

read aloud every day.

* Hide your books.

* Go to the blackboard.

* Bring some chalk.9

* Watch the blackboard.

* Step aside.10

* Look here.11 

Do you realize your mistake?12

* Raise your hands.13

* One by one.

* Lower your hands.14

* Clean out this word.

* You are in chalk.

* Open your notebooks.  Or:

* Open your copy-books.

* Have you  forgotten  your

exercise-book at home?16

* His exercise-book is over/

finished.

* Who has an extra exercise-book?'

* Write   accurately.

* Numerate your sentences.

9 According to E. Partridge, "fetch" implies that the* person spoken to is some distance from the thing to be brought, "bring" — that he is already near it (Partridge E. Usage and

Abusage. Harmondsworth, 1981, p. 118).

10 "Stand/move/step to one side" are used when a pupil is standing at the blackboard and

blocking the view. "Step aside" is wrong here. It is commonly used addressing someone blocking the way.

11 "Look here" doesn't normally mean "Look at this" or "Look at me". It is often an exclamation, usually rather angry. It means something like "You can't do that" or "You can't say that". E.g.: Teacher (speaking to pupils during the break): Look here, you aren't supposed to run down the corridor, you know.

12 "Do you realize your mistake?" can be used with regard to mistaken  judgment, bad

behaviour, not with regard to grammatical mistakes, wrong pronunciation, wrong word-order, wrong tense, etc.

13 See: Povey J., Walshe I. Op. cit., p. 119

14 "Lower your hands" means simply that the hands were raised too high.

15 See: Povey J., Walshe I. Op. cit., p. 97—99

l6 See: Povey J., Wa1she I. Op. cit., p. 123.

Соблюдайте правильный порядок слов.

Don't forget the word-or-

der. Or: Careful with the word-order.

* Observe the word-order.

Вы уже сделали это упражнение?

Have you done the exercise yet?

* Have you already done the

exercise?

Не списывайте!

No copying/cheating!

* Don't crib from each other17

Соберите тетради.

Will you collect the exercise-books, please?

* Gather the exercise-books.

Раздайте тетради.

Сап you give out the exercise-books, please?

* Distribute  the     exercise-

books.

Давайте проанализируем ваши ошибки.

Let's  go  over  your  mistakes. Or: Let's look at your

mistakes.

* Let's   analyze  your  mistakes.

Это грубая ошибка.

That   was   a   bad/serious

mistake.

* That was a rough mistake

Придумайте название к рассказу.

Can you give this story a title?  Or:  Can you think up/think of a title for the story?

* Can you name the story?18

Пересказывайте близко к тексту.

Keep as close to the original as you can, please.

* Retell   the   text   close   to

the original.

Давайте    разыграем    этот

диалог.

Let's act (out) the dialogue.

* Let's  dramatize  the  dialogue.

Ты будешь мистер  Браун.

Will   you   take/act/play/

read the part of Mr. Brown?

Or:  You are going to be Mr. Brown.

* Act for Mr. Brown.

А теперь  поменяйтесь, ролями.

And  now  change/reverse roles. Or: Swap over, will you?

* Exchange roles.

Кто  хочет  прочитать  стихотворение наизусть?

Who   wants   to   recite   a

poem (by heart)?

* Who wants to read a poem

by heart?

Сначала прочитай заглавие.

Read  the title  first,  will you?

* At first read the title.19 

Читай с выражением.

Read it with a bit of feeling. Or: Put some expression into it.

* Read it with expression.

А теперь хором

(Начнем.) Три, четыре!

And now all together.

(Let's  begin.)   One,  two, three!

* And now in chorus.20

* Three, four!

Помогите мне повесить эту

картинку.

Will you help me put up the picture?

* Help me to hang the picture21

Ты  сказал,  что это здание- школа. Приведи свои, доводы.

(You said" that this building is a school.) What makes you think so? Or: What is your  reason  for  thinking so?

* Prove it.

17 See: Povey J., Wai she I. Op. cit., p. 165.

18 "To name a  story"  is to say which  story is being referred  to.  The teacher „can  say, "Name a story in which a wolf eats a grandmother" and the answer will be "Little Red Riding Hood". Thus "to name a story" is to say what the name of the» story already is and it cannot therefore be used to mean "think up a title for the story".

19 "At first" always means that the situation that follows will be very different from if not opposite to the one that existed to start with. E.g.: At first the pupils were very attentive; but then, as time passed, they became restless and noisy.

20 If you meet "in chorus" at all, it will be in written materials, as this word is slightly literary and poetic.

21 "To hang the picture" is slightly old-fashioned. It implies also that the person hanging the picture (usually of some value) is not anticipating taking it down in the near future.

Если вы принесли картинки из дома, поднимите их

If you've brought any pictures from home, hold them up.

* ... put them up. Or: * ... raise them.

Снимите картинку.

Will you take the picture down?

* Take off the picture.22

Поставьте стул  на  место.

Please put the chair back in its place.

* Put the chair in place.

Давайте сыграем  в  нашу

игру.

Let's play our game.

* Let's play in our game.

Постройтесь в ряд.

Form a row. Or: Form a

line.

* Build a row.

Разбейтесь на пары.

Split into pairs. Or: Divide

into pairs.

* Break into pairs.

Возьмитесь за руки.

Hold hands.

* Take your hands.

Укажите на окно.

Point at/to the window.

* Show me the window.

Запишите домашнее задание.

I want you to write down

your homework.

* Write down   your   home

task / home assignment.23

Прочитайте отрывок на с. 3

до конца.

Read the passage on page 3

right tо the end.

* Read the extract on page 3

right to the end.24

Задайте 10 вопросов к тексту.

Ask 10 questions on/about

the text.  

* Put 10 questions   to   the

text.25 

Напишите ответы на вопросы.

Write answers to the questions.    

* Write   answers   on   the questions.

Выполните упражнение 3 письменно

Do Exercise 3 in writing. Or: Exercise 3 is to be written.

* Do Exercise 3 in a written

form.

Выполните письменно упражнение 8 на c. 87.

Do Exercise 8 on page 87.

* Do Exercise 8 at page 87.

Выпишите незнакомке слова.

Write out the new words.

* Write out the unknown unfamiliar words26.

Найдите   значения   новых слов в словаре в конце книги.

Look up the new words in the vocabulary at the back of the book.

* Look up the new words in the vocabulary at the end of the book.27 

Постарайся сделать это задание самостоятельно.

Try and do your homework by yourself / on your own.

* Try to do it alone. Or:

 * Try, to do your homework independently.

Закончите эту работу к понедельнику.

I want you to finish the work by Monday.

* I want you to finish the work till Monday.

Звонок уже прозвенел.

The bell has gone.

* The bell has rung.

Соберите свои вещи.

Get your things together. Or: Collect your things

* Pack your things.

До свидания!

Good morning! Or: Good afternoon! Or: See you tomorrow / next week / on Thursday!

* Good-bye!28

22 "Take off the picture" sounds as ft the pupil addressed is wearing it.

23 See: Povey J., Walshe I. Op. cit., p. 147—148.

24 See: Povey J., Walshe I. Op. cit., p. 131.

25 This sentence can also produce a humorous effect, as the expression "to put questions to somebody" means «задавать кому-либо вопросы». So "Put questions to the text" would imply that the pupils are expected to ask the text to answer the questions.

26 "Unknown" would tend to imply that the word is not known to anyone, including perhaps the teacher. "Unfamiliar" has an additional meaning, namely "strange, unusual".          27 "At the end of the book" would mean that the pupils have to look for the new words in the Last chapter, if not on the last page of their book.

28 If you use the expression "Good-bye!", make sure you modify it so it doesn't sound too final. E. g.: Good-буе till I see you again! Good-bye till our next lesson!

Russian sentence

Recommended to use

Mistaken variant

Здравствуйте, ребята!

Good morning, boys and girls Or: Good afternoon. everybody! Or: Hello. Form 6! (very informal)

How do you do?

is only used when one is introduced to a stranger.

Садитесь.

Sit down, everybody. Or:   Take your places.

Be seated. Or: Take a seat.

"Sit down" is the universal and most usual form. It can be used when the pupil is standing at his desk or after he has finished writing on the blackboard, etc. "Take your places" is more often used if the pupils have moved away from their desks for a perfectly acceptable reason.

"Be seated" is old-fashioned or very formal. "Take a seat" means "sit down wherever you wish". It could be said to a guest at a dinner party but not in the classroom.

Приготовьтесь к уроку

Or: Get ready for the lesson. Prepare for the lesson.

“Prepare” is rather formal, and suggests preparation that is done beforehand rather than at that moment. “Get ready” or “Settle down” are more natural.

Get ready to the lesson. 

Не шумите!

Don't be so noisy! Or: Don't make so much noise!

Or: Quiet, please!

Or: Stop talking, please.

Or: Be quiet now, please.

Don't be noisy.

Пересядь на свое место.

(Go and) sit in your own place, please.

Move to your proper place.

Поменяйся местами с

Will you change places with Max?

Change your places with Max.

Or: Exchange your places with

Наведи порядок на своей парте.

Will you tidy your desk, please?

Put your desk in order.

Вставайте, когда я буду называть ваc.

Please stand up as I call(out) your names.

Rise as I call out your names.

Давайте повторим этот звук.

Let's work again on this sound again.

Let's revise this sound.

“Revise” means to re-learn previous work, usually in preparation for a test or exam. “Your homework is to revise these verbs for a test next week.”

Мы должны поработать

над этим звуком.

We must practise this sound.

You must train this sound.

Сегодняшний урок мы

посвятим

We'll spend today's lesson doing smth or preparing for a test

We'll devote the lesson to a preparation for a test. "To devote" is too elevated a style in a classroom situation.

Начнем с повторения

пройденного материала.

Let's go over the material we

discussed at/in the last lesson. Let's revise the material we've done so far/this

Let's revise the past

material.

Иди отвечать.

Will you come (out) to the front?

Come to the classboard.

"Come to the blackboard, please" is used when the teacher wants the pupil to write something on the blackboard. They  don’t use the word classboard.

Не подсказывайте!

Don't tell him the answer! Or: No whispering the answer! Or: Don't help him!

Don't prompt!

You could say “Don’t prompt him/her”. “Prompt” has a technical meaning in the theatre – you prompt an actor who’s forgotten his words, but it can be used in this context, too. “Don’t help him” is simpler and more usual.

Нет, это неправильно.

No, that isn't quite right. 

Or: You've got it wrong

Or: Not quite! Try again!

You are mistaken. is used when you are wrong about smth that you thought you knew or saw. It can’t have been my car. You must be mistaken.

Ты это сказал наугад.

You've said it without thinking.

You've said it at random.

Я ставлю тебе «отлично».

I'll give you (a) five.

I'll put you a five.

Перейдем к …

Let's move on/go on to

Let's pass on/pass over to

Достаньте книги.

Will you get out/take out your books? Or: Get/take your books out, please.

Put out your books.

"To put out a book" would mean «выставить книгу» the way English people put out milk bottles and cats before going to bed.

Читайте на странице 19.

Read page 19.

Read on page 19.

Читайте текст до стр.20

Read the text up to page 20.

Read the text till page 20.

Посмотрите в свои книги.

Look at your books.

Look into your books.

Переверните страницу.

Turn over (the page).

Turn the page.

“Turn the page” or “Turn over” are equally acceptable.

Turn page.

Open your books at page thirty eight.

Open your books on page thirty eight.

Слушайте внимательно.

Listen carefully.

Or: Pay attention to what I’m going to say next.

Listen attentively. In descriptions "attentively" is used rather than carefully". E. g.: He listened attentively to everything the teacher was saying. But in the imperative "carefully" is used, I would always say “listen carefully” to young children – “attentively” is too formal a word which they might not understand. I might use “attentively” with older children (12 year olds and above) when I particularly want them to pay attention to something.

Ты видишь, где у тебя ошибка?

Do you/Can you see your mistake?

Do you realize your mistake?

"Do you realize your mistake?" can be used with regard to mistaken judgement, bad behaviour, not with regard to grammatical mistakes, wrong pronunciation, wrong word order, wrong tense, etc.

Поднимите руки.

Put your hands up.

Put up your hands

Raise your hands.

(OK, but rather American.)

Пиши  аккуратно.

Can you try and write tidily/neatly, please?

Or: Please try to write more neatly.

Write accurately.

Вы уже сделали это

упражнение?

Have you done/finished the exercise yet?

Have you already done the exercise?

Давайте проанализируем ваши ошибки.

Let's go over your mistakes. Or: Let's look at your mistakes.

Or: Let’s see where you went wrong.

Let's analyze your mistakes.

Поменяйтесь ролями.

или тетрадками

Swap over

Exchange your roles.

Работайте по парам

Practise in pairs 

Work in pairs

Назовите историю

Think up a title for the story.

Or: Think of a title…

Name the story. "To name a story" is to say which is being referred to. The teacher can say, "Name a story in which a wolf eats a grandmother" and the answer will be "Little Red Riding Hood". Thus "to name a story" is to say what the name of the story already is and it cannot therefore be used to mean "think up a title for the story".

Читай выразительно.

Read it with a bit of feeling.

Or: Can you put some expression into it as you read?

Read it with expression.

Громче.

Я не слышу.

Louder, please. I can't hear you.

I don't hear. I can’t hear. (“I can’t hear” might mean that you are deaf!)

Приведи свои доводы.

What makes you think so?

Prove it

Разбейтесь на пары.

Split into pairs. Divide into pairs.

Break into pairs.

Выпишите незнакомые слова.

Write out the new words.

Write out the unknown /unfamiliar words. "Unknown" would tend to imply that the word is not known to anyone, including perhaps the teacher. "Unfamiliar" has an additional meaning, namely "strange, unusual".

Найдите новые слова в словаре в конце книги.

Look up the new words in the vocabulary at the back of the book.

Look up the new words in the vocabulary at the end of the book.

"At the end of the book" would mean that the pupils have to look for the new words in the last chapter, if not on the last page of their book.

Постарайтесь сделать это задание самостоятельно.

Try and do it yourself/on your own.

Try to do it alone. Or: Try to work independently.

Соберите свои вещи.

Get your things together.

Pack your things.

Разойдитесь по классу и мы выполним упражнение

Mingle in and find out …

Walk around the classroom…

Talk to other people and find out…

Mingling activity

Быстро просмотрите текст, чтобы составить общее представление о …

Skim through the following text in order to get the general idea of

Передайте основное содержание своими словами

Tell the story in your own words.

Просмотровое чтение

Просмотрите текст, чтобы ответить на вопросы

Scan the passage to answer the questions

Поисковое

Переведите это на русский.

Could you put that into Russian? How do you say that in Russian?

Минуточку!

Hold on a second.

Wait a minute

До свидания!

See you tomorrow/next week/on Monday!

If you use the expression "Goodbye!" make sure you modify it so it doesn't sound too final. E. g.: Goodbye till I see you again! Goodbye till our next lesson! Goodbye – see you tomorrow! Goodbye – have a good weekend! Goodbye – don’t forget your homework!