Учебное пособие по английскому языку для студентов 1 курсов СПО
методическая разработка

ОГБОУ СПО КИРЕНСКИЙ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЙ КОЛЛЕДЖ

В.Г. Демидова

по английскому языку

Киренск, 2018

Разработчик

Демидова Валентина Германовна, преподаватель английского языка ОГБОУ ИО СПО КППК.

Учебное пособие по английскому языку для студентов 1-х курсов для специальностей  «Преподавание в начальных классах»,  «Дошкольное образование», «Судовождение»

Рецензент

Корзенникова Оксана Геннадьевна

Содержание

Пояснительная записка

Учебное пособие по английскому языку предназначена для самостоятельной работы студентов 1-х курсов учреждений среднего профессионального образования. Пособие содержит лексико-грамматические упражнения по основным темам английской грамматики. Необходимой для развития навыков чтения, устной и письменной речи.

Учебное пособие позволяет за короткий срок проконтролировать усвоение знаний значительной  части изученной информации. Упражнения основаны  на несложной лексики. Они подобраны и составлены с таким расчетом, чтобы охватить лексико-грамматичекие трудности каждого урока в соответствии с принципом возрастания сложного материала.

Выполнение упражнений, содержащихся в учебном пособии, помогут выявить пробелы в усвоении текущего материала, систематизировать и закрепить знания.

Весь представленный в данном пособии учебный материал сгруппирован по тематическому признаку в 5 разделов: «Почему мы изучаем английский язык»; «О  себе», «Хобби»; «Страны изучаемого языка»; «Праздники в англоязычных странах»; «Выдающиеся люди». Каждый раздел включает уроки по конкретной теме и представленные в нем лексико-грамматические упражнения рекомендуется выполнять во время прохождения темы.

Лучшему усвоению материала должны способствовать модели и таблицы, содержащие в учебном пособии.

Контроль заданий, выполненных студентами во время самостоятельной работы, осуществляется на практических занятиях путем фронтального опроса.

LESSON 1

"Why we learn English?"

Exercise 1.

Дополните эти предложения, используя необходимое слово: foreign, international, рrореr, necessary, difficult, own.

1. Everybody knows his _________ language.
2. It is_______ to learn а foreign language.
3. I learn English because I want to read__________ literature in the original.
4. It is ____________to visit countries, when you don't know the language of these countries.
5. There are _________ friendship camps in the world.
6. I understand that I have to learn English in а_______ way.

Exercise 2. Как вы думаете, если вы будете знать Английский, как измениться ваша жизнь?

Example: If I know English mу life will be ...

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 3.

Какое слово не принадлежит к теме “Why we learn English?":

Foreign, learn, improve, different, translate, read, create, develop, language. original, speak, understand, friendship, butterfly, useful, knowledge, necessary.

Your answer:________

Exercise 4.

Как вы скажете это по-русски:

1. It is necessary.

_________________________________________

2. It is difIicult.

_________________________________________

3. In а рrореr way.

_________________________________________

4. For ехаmрlе.

_________________________________________

5. In short.

_________________________________________

6. The most important language.

_________________________________________

7. For every educated person.

_________________________________________

8. In my орinion

_________________________________________

9. Nowadays.

_________________________________________

10. Some rules of memory

_________________________________________

11.  I hope.

_________________________________________

       Exercise 5.

       Дополните диалог:

1:Hello

2:Hello, ___________________________?

1:I am well and _____________________?

2:Fine, thanks.

1: ___________somewhere together.

2: I don`t mind, but I am in a hurry now.

1: I ________________we`ll meet soon.

2:Certainly. Bye.

1:Good-bye.

LESSON 2

      The verb “to be”

         (быть, находиться, являться)

        АМ              IS                 ARE                     Настоящее

        (I)             (he, she, it)                  (you, we, they)                время

            WAS                 WERE                             Прошедшее

            (I, he. she, it)           (You, we, they)                       время

                                  WIL ВЕ                          Будущее время

                              (I, he, she, it, you, we, they)  

Выражения с глаголом to be:

ТО ВЕ ABLE ТО - мочь, быть в состоянии

ТО ВЕ ABSENT - отсутствовать

ТО ВЕ AFRAID - бояться кого-то

ТО ВЕ ANGRY WITH - сердиться

ТО ВЕ ASHAMED - стыдиться

ТО ВЕ ASLEEP - спать, онеметь

ТО ВЕ АТ А LOSS - быть в затруднении

ТО ВЕ А WАУ - отсутствовать

ТО ВЕ ВАСК - возвращаться

ТО ВЕ BORN  - родиться

ТО ВЕ BUSY - быть занятым

ТО ВЕ ENGAGED IN - быть занятым

ТО ВЕ FONB OF - любить

ТО ВЕ GLAD - радоваться

ТО ВЕ GOING ТО DO SOMETHING - собираться сделать что-то

TO ВЕ НUNGRУ - быть голодным

ТО ВЕ ILL - болеть

 TO BE IN - быть дома

 TO BE LATE - опаздывать

 TO ВЕ LAZY - лениться

ТО ВЕ PRESENT – присутствовать

то ВЕ PROUD OF - гордиться

ТО ВЕ SLEEPY - хотеть спать

ТО НЕ SURE - быть уверенным

TO ВЕ TIRED - уставать

Exercise 6.

Переведите предложения с английского на русский язык:

Exercise 7.

Переведите предложения с русского на английский язык:

 1. Я не уверен

2. Она рассердилась на нас.

3. Ты голоден?

4. Они гордятся своими родителями.

5. Мой друг сможет помочь тебе.

6. Ты был болен вчера?

7. Почему ты отсутствовал на прошлой неделе?

8. Мы устали.

Exercise 8.

Употребите правильную форму глагола "to be":

1.  Не _____ а student ten years ago.
2.  I _______ аn engineer when I finish the college.

3. ___________ she ____________at home tomorrow?

4. My sister _______ ill last week.

5. When my granny _______ young she _______ an actress.

6. Where _________ your parents now? The ________ in Paris.

7. They _______ in St. Petersburg tomorrow.

8. _________ you able to help her?

Exercise 9.

Напишите следующие предложения в вопросительной и отрицательной формах:

1. They are in Europe now.  

2. She is a clever girl.

3. It is cold today.

4. He is in his office.  

5. They are members of the country club.

6. Both sisters are tall.  

7. John is angry with you.  

8. She is a good tennis player.  

LESSON 3

Конструкция there is/are

                                  there

                               is/are          was/were       will be

                        настоящее      прошедшее    будущее

 (быть, имеется, находиться, существует)

Exercise 10.

Употребите конструкцию “there is/are” в нужном времени:

1. Look! ______ a photograph of George in the newspaper.
2. Dunford is a very modern town ______ many old buildings.
3. Excuse me, _________ a restaurant near here?
4. How many students _______ in your group?
5. I was hungry but ______ anything to eat.
6. ____________ a football match on TV last night.
7. “_________ many people at the meeting?”
8. Look! _______ an accident. Call the ambulance!
9. ___________ 24 hours in a day.
10. This bag is empty ________ nothing in it.
11. __________ somebody at the station to meet you when you arrive tomorrow.
12. When we arrived at the cinema ________ a long queue outside.

Exercise 11.

Преобразуйте предложения в отрицательную и вопросительную форму:

1. There is a bus at the stop.

___________________________________________________

2. There are a few changes in the text.

___________________________________________________

3. There are plenty of glasses in the cupboard.

___________________________________________________

4. There were a lot of people at the stadium.

___________________________________________________

5. There isn`t anything on the plate.

___________________________________________________

6. There are difficult exercises in this book.

___________________________________________________

7. There is something on the shelf.

___________________________________________________

8. There will be some interesting programs on TV tomorrow.

___________________________________________________

9. There are several empty seats in the room.

___________________________________________________

10. There weren`t any pears on the plate.

___________________________________________________

Exercise 12.

Переведите предложения с русского на английский язык:

1. В этом журнале много интересных статей.

___________________________________________________

2. В нашем городе много музеев и театров.

___________________________________________________

3. В этой комнате есть телефон?

_______________________________________________

4. В этой комнате два окна.

___________________________________________________

5. В чашке не было чая.

___________________________________________________

6. Сколько статей было в этом журнале? – Там было несколько статей.

_________________________________________________

LESSON 4

“About myself”

Exercise 13.

Переведите предложения с русского на английский язык:

1. Как тебя зовут?

____________________________________________

2. Сколько тебе лет?

____________________________________________

3. Откуда ты родом?

____________________________________________

4. У тебя есть брат или сестра?

____________________________________________

5. Сколько у тебя двоюродных братьев и сестер?

____________________________________________

6. Какое у тебя хобби?

____________________________________________

7. Какая музыка тебе нравится?

____________________________________________

8. Ты играешь на каком-либо музыкальном инструменте?

____________________________________________

9. Ты часто смотришь телевизор?

____________________________________________

10. Какая твоя любимая телевизионная программа?

____________________________________________

11. Чем занимается твоя мама?

____________________________________________

12. Чем занимается твой отец?

____________________________________________

13. У тебя есть настоящий друг?

____________________________________________

14. Ты можешь положиться на него во всем?

____________________________________________

Exercise 14.

Выберете подходящее слово (установите соответствие):

1. Loyal
2. Selfish
3. Shortcoming
4. Stubborn
5. Understanding
6. Shy
7. Amicable
8. Clever
9. Honest
10. Neat
11. Reliable
12. Weak
13. Polite

Exercise 15.

Дополните эти предложения, используя необходимые слова: attention, adult studies, eleven, lazy, computer games, pupil, free, home, grandmother.

I`ve got a brother. He is ________________. He is a ________________. He ____________________ at school. I think he is ___________________ because he doesn`t like to go to school. He has a lot of ________________ time, because he`s got only 4 lessons a day. After school he goes _____________  and at once begins to play _______________. Our ________________ often  scold  him for it, but he doesn`t pay _________________. He wants to be an ______________ as quickly as possible. He wants to do what he wants.

Exercise 16.

Дополните диалог “About Myself”:

1: What is your name?

2:___________________________________________

1: How old are you?

2: __________________________________________

1: Where are you from?

2:__________________________________________

1: Where do you study?

2: _________________________________________

1: What is your hobby?

2:_________________________________________

1: At what sport are you best?

2:_________________________________________

1: What kind of music do you like?

2:_________________________________________

Exercise 17.

Как вы скажете это по-русски?

1. I don`t know how to thank you.

_______________________________________________

2. Don`t mention it.

_______________________________________________

3. It was no trouble at all.

_______________________________________________

4. It was a real pleasure for me to do it.

_______________________________________________

5. I must apologize to you.

_______________________________________________

6. Don`t worry.

_______________________________________________

7. Forget if.

_______________________________________________

8. Sorry for being late.

_______________________________________________

9. Never mind.

_______________________________________________

Exercise 18.

Что бы вы сказали о таком человеке?

1. Who always says what he thinks?

_____________________________________________

2. Who never boast?

_____________________________________________

3. Who is always ready to share what he has got with other?

____________________________________________

4. Who is fond of praising himself?

____________________________________________

5. Who always achieves his aim?

____________________________________________

6. Who is hard to get along with?

____________________________________________

7. Who is easily hurt?

____________________________________________

8. Who grasps things easily?

____________________________________________

9. Who makes friends easily?

____________________________________________

10. Who is never shy with stranger?

____________________________________________

11. Who works a lot?

____________________________________________

12. Who cannot behave?

____________________________________________

13. Who never says what`s on his mind?

____________________________________________

14. Who cannot be trusted?

____________________________________________

15. Who feels or show kindness?

___________________________________________

TWO TEENAGE GENIUSES

Задание перед чтением:

        What do teenagers like doing in your country?

               Think of three things and tell the other in the class?

1. Ivan Mirsky is thirteen and he is the number 13 chess player in the world. He was born in Russia but now lives in America with his father, Vadim. They live in a one room flat in Brooklyn. Ivan doesn`t go to school and his father doesn`t have a job. They practice chess problems all day, every day, morning, afternoon, and evening.

        Ivan was different from a very young age: he could ride a bike when he was eighteen months old and read before he was two. He could play cards at three and the piano at four. When he was twelve, he was the under – 20 chess champion of Russia.

        His father can`t speak English and can`t play chess, either! Ivan translates for him. Vadim say, ‘I know that I can`t play chess, but I can still help Ivan. He  and I don`t have any friends – we don`t want any friends. Other teenagers are boring! We don`t like playing sports or watching TV. We live for chess!’

2. Jaya Rajar is fourteen but he doesn`t go to school. He studies medicine at New York in a class of twenty-year-olds. Jaya was born in Madras in India but now lives in a house in New York with his mother, father, and brother. They can all speak English fluently. His father is a doctor.

        Jaya  was different from a very young age. He could count before he could say ‘Mummy’ or ‘Daddy’. He could answer question on calculus when he was five and do algebra when he was eight. Now he studies at home with his father from 6.30 to 10.00 every evening. Jaya doesn`t have any friends. He never goes out in the evening, but he sometimes watches TV. He says, ‘I live for one thing – I want to be a doctor before I am seventeen. Other children of my age are boring. They can`t understand me.’

 Ответьте на вопросы:

1. How old is he?

__________________________________________________

2. Does he go to school?

________________________________________________

3. Where was he born?

________________________________________________

4. Where does he live now?

________________________________________________

5. Who does he live with?

________________________________________________

6. What does his father do?

________________________________________________

7. How was he different when he was very young?

________________________________________________

8. What does he do in the evening?

________________________________________________

9. Can his father speak English?

________________________________________________

10. Does he have any friends?

________________________________________________

11. What does he do in his free time?

________________________________________________

LESSON 5

МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ SOME, ANY, NO  И ИХ

ПРОИЗВОДНЫЕ

Some обозначает некоторое количество

Употребление

Утвердительная форма  We have got some dictionary

Отрицательная форма   We have got no dictionary

                                            We haven`t got any dictionary

Вопросительная форма  Have you got any dictionary

Exercise 19.

Заполните пропуски местоимениями some или any. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. You will need _________ warm clothes there.

_______________________________________________

2. I don`t have __________ money with me.

_______________________________________________

3. Please, give me_______ more coffee. – I’m sorry, but there isn`t ________ more coffee.

_______________________________________________

4. I`m sorry, but I didn`t have _________ time to prepare my lessons last night.

_______________________________________________

5. I didn`t have _______ stamps, so I went to the post-office to buy __________.

_______________________________________________

6. Please, put __________ water  in the vase, the flower are dying.

_______________________________________________

7. There are _________ famous museums in that city but we didn`t have time to visit __________.

_______________________________________________

8. The doctor gave me __________ medicine for my cough.

_______________________________________________

9. There aren`t _________ students in the room at the moment.

_______________________________________________

Exercise 20.

Напишите следующие предложения в вопросительной и отрицательной формах.

1. There are some extra chairs in the next room.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. He made some mistakes in spelling.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. They have some pretty dresses in that store.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. The teacher taught us some important rules of grammar.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. We learned some new words in class yesterday.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. There are some flowers in the yellow vase.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. The doctor gave her some pills to take.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. I bought some stamps at the post office.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. He told us about some of his experiences.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 21.

Вставьте some, any или no:

1. There are ________ pictures in the book.
2. Are there ________ new students in your group?
3. There are ________ old houses in our street.
4. Are there ________ English text book on the desk? – Yes. There are _________.
5. Are there ________ maps on the walls? – No, there aren`t ______.
6. Are there _______ pens on the desk? – Yes, there are _____.
7. Are there _______ sweets in your bag? – Yes, there are _____.
8. Have you got _______ English books at home? – Yes, I have ________.
9. There are _________ beautiful picture in the magazine, look at them.
10. There is _______ ink in my pen. I cannot write.
11. Is there ________ paper on your table?
12. I haven`t got ________exercise book. Give me ________, please.
13. It is winter. There are __________ leaves on the trees.

ПРОИЗВОДНЫЕ

Exercise 22.

Вставьте some, any, no или их производные:

1. Are there ________ cinemas or theatres in your town? – There aren`t ______cinemas - but there is a theatre festival in summer.
2. Is there _______ for  young people – a zoo, interesting museums? – I`m sorry, there is ______ zoo in our town. But there are ______ museums, _____ discos and every three weeks there is a rock concert for young people here.
3. She has _______ sister, she has only brothers.
4. Do you know _______ about Chinese art?
5. They have _______ cousins in Minsk.
6. I have _______ good friends.
7. We did not know _______ about his problem: he told us _____.
8. Have you got _______interesting books?
9. Have you ________ friends in America?
10. He has _______ English books in this bookcase.
11. Did you meet _____  on your way to school?
12. Have you got ______ pencils in your bag?
13. Do we have ________ chalk on the blackboard?
14. How could I know that he was ill? _______ told me _______.
15. She has ________ mistakes in her test.

LESSON 6

“HOBBY”

Exercise 23.

Найдите правильное слово (установите соответствие):

1. Stamp
2. Badge
3. Knitting
4. Dressmaking
5. Water-skiing
6. Coin
7. Mountain climbing
8. Jogging
9. Sewing
10. Cycling
11. Shell
12. Pastime
13. Hobby group
14. Watching TV
15. Musical instrument
16. Folk music
17. Gardening
18. Record

Exercise 24.

Ответь на вопросы:

1. What is the most popular hobby in your country?

_____________________________________________

2. What is your best friend`s hobby?

_____________________________________________

3. What do your parents (grandparents) like to do in their?

_____________________________________________

Exercise 25.

Вставьте эти слова к соответствующим существительным: play, build, ride, sing, climb, plant, collect, take, design, manage, paint, look after.

1. ________________mountains
2. ________________vegetables
3. ________________folk songs
4. ________________the guitar
5. ________________a bike
6. ________________photographs
7. ________________badges
8. ________________a football club
9. ________________clothes
10. ________________houses
11. ________________a harden
12. ________________pictures

LESSON 7

THE PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE

«+»  подлежащее + V1

        He, she, it       + Vs

«-»  подлежащее + do not (don`t)        + V1

         He, she, it       does not (doesn`t)

«?» Do    + подлежащее + V1?

       Does

always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom

Примеры:

Summer follows spring.

I usually go away at weekends.

Do you hear the sounds of the bell?

Ann doesn`t drink tea very often.

___________________________________________________

Exercise 26.

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в Present Simple:

1. My working day _________(to begin) at seven o`clock.
2. My sister ______ (to get) up at eight o`clock.
3. She _______ (to go) to school in the afternoon.
4. My parents __________ (to leave) home at eight o`clock.
5. In the evening we ________ (to gather) in the living-room.
6. It ___________ (to takes) him two hours to do his homework.
7. She ________ (to speak) French well.

Exercise 27.

Напишите следующие предложения в 3-ем лице единственного числа:

1. I think I am ill.

He__________________________________________

2. They often visit their granny.

She__________________________________________

3. We live in Leeds.

She__________________________________________

4. You usually speak too quickly.

He__________________________________________

5. Do you like boiled potatoes?

He__________________________________________

6. Heavy trucks make a lot of noise.

It___________________________________________

7. His dogs always attack the neighbors.

It___________________________________________

Exercise 28.

Напишите следующие предложения в отрицательной форме и образуйте все типы вопросов согласно схеме:

1. He knows French perfectly.

__________________________________________________

2. I understand everything he says.

__________________________________________________

3. She makes mistakes in spelling.

__________________________________________________

4. They enjoy their English lessons.

__________________________________________________

Exercise 29.

Задайте вопрос к предложению, используя вопросительные слова, данные в скобках:

1. I write to my parents. (How often?)

_____________________________________________

2. I have dinner in the evening. (What time usually?)

_____________________________________________

3. She works. (Where?)

_____________________________________________

4. I go to the Zoo. (How often?)

_____________________________________________

5. People do stupid thing. (Why?)

_____________________________________________

6. The motor breaks down. (How often?)

_____________________________________________

LESSON 8

THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

«+»                              am

          подлежащее + is     +     Ving

                                    are  

«-»                               am

          подлежащее + is     +  not   +   Ving

                                    are  

«?»    Am

          Is     + подлежащее +  Ving?

         Are  

Действие происходит в настоящий момент речи

(now, at present, at this moment)

Глаголы, не употребляемые во времени Continuous:

Примеры:

I am writing a letter now.

Tom is playing tennis at the sports ground.

Who is laughing so loudly? – We are

Exercise 30.

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в Present Progressive:

1. Timothy ____________ (to feed) his dog.
2. Mr. Jones ___________ (to clean) his yard.
3. What she ___________ (to do) now? She ____________ (to dance)
4. They ____________ (to have) a big dinner together.
5. The old man __________ (to walk) about the room.
6. What they ____________(to talk) about?
7. John and his friends ________ (to go) to the library.
8. Our neighbors ___________ (to wash) their car.

Exercise 31.

Закончите предложения, употребляя данные глаголы: get, become, change, improve, fall, increase, rise:

Example: The water level is rising very fast.

1. The price for food ______________ at the moment.
2. He is still weak but he ___________ stronger slowly.
3. These days life ___________more and more expensive.
4. The weather ____________ every moment: now cold, now hot.
5. The cost of living____________ . Every year things are more expensive.
6. Victor has gone to work in America. When he arrived, his English wasn`t very good but now it ____________.
7. The environment is already very bad and it____________________.

Exercise 32.

Напишите данные предложения в отрицательной форме и образуйте общий, специальный, разделительный и альтернативный вопросы:

1. He is studying.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2. They are trying to open the door.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

3. The child is making a lot of noise.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

LESSON 9

Topic “Countries”

Exercise 33.

Выберите правильное слово:

1. Population
2. Climate
3. Deep
4. Country
5. Lake
6. River
7. Territory
8. Favorable
9. Capital
10. Border
11. Consist
12. Symbol
13. Development

Exercise 34.

Дополните диалог:

1: Where are you from?

2: I`m from________________.

1: What is the ______________ of your country?

2: Moscow

1: What kind of ___________ is there in your country?

2: There are different types of _____________ of the territory of our country. It is very cold in the North. In the South the temperature is usually________________ zero all year round.

1: What _____________ does Russia __________ on?

2: It__________________on the Baltic Republics and some  European countries in the West and on Asian countries in the South.

1: What are the most famous ______________ in Russia?

2: The Urals.

Exercise 35.

Что вы знаете о России?

1. In which century was Christianity officially adopted in Russia?

1. Eighth century
2. Tenth century
3. Twelfth century

2. In which year do the ancient chronicles first mention Moscow?

1. 1147
2. 1241
3. 1380

3. Which prince of Moscow defeated the Mongols in 1380?

1. Ivan Kalita
2. Yuriy Dolgoruky
3. Dmitry Donskoy

4. When was the Romanov`s dynasty established?

1. In 1380 after the battle at Kulikovo field
2. In 1613 after the Time of Troubles.
3. In 1812 after the defeat of Napoleon.

 5. St. Petersburg was founded in

1. 1703
2. 1767
3. 1796

 6. Catherine II invited colonists from which country to settle in Russia in 1762?

1. France
2. Germany
3. Poland

7. Which emperor signed a manifesto abolishing in 1861.

1. Alexander I
2. Nicholas I
3. Alexander II

 8. The first man in space was

1. Gagarin
2. Armstrong
3. Glenn

 9. There are a lot of museum collection in Moscow and St. Petersburg. Do you know when they were founded?

1. The Tretyakov Gallery
2. Russian Museum
3. The Hermitage
4. Fine Art Museume

10. A lot of famous Russian artists took pleasure in painting great writers and poets. Match the painter and the poet.

1. Tolstoy
2. Pushkin
3. Radishchev
4. Griboyedov

11. Check your knowledge of Pushkin`s poetry. Try to remember who wrote the music on Pushkin`s poems and the composer.  

1. “Ruslan and Ludmila’
2. Evgeny Onegin”
3. “Mazepa”
4. “Boris Godunov”
5. “Aleko”
6. “Zolotoy Petushok”

Exercise 36.

Ответьте на вопросы:

1. Where is Great Britain situated?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What is the capital of Great Britain?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

3. What are the largest cities in Great Britain?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Is Britain a monarchy?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Write the most famous places of interest in London.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

6. What part of Great Britain do you want to visit best of all? Why?

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Text “Meals of Britain”

Задание перед чтением.

1. What`s your favorite food?

What do you eat with it?

When do you have it?

2. You are going to read a text about what British people eat and when.

What do you want to know?

Write some question?

Примеры

What do they have for breakfast?

Do they have hot thing or cold thing?

Do they eat a lot of fish?

Прочитайте текст:

        A traditional English breakfast is a very big meal – sausages, bacon, eggs, tomatoes, mushrooms… But nowadays many people just have cereal with milk and sugar, or toast with marmalade, jam, or honey. Marmalade and jam are not the same Marmalade is made from oranges and jam is made from other fruit. The traditional breakfast drink is tea, which people have with cold milk. Some people have coffee, often instant coffee, which is made with just hot water. Many visitors to Britain find this coffee disgusting!

         For many people lunch is a quick meal. //in cities there are a lot of sandwich bars, where office workers can choose the kind of bread they want – brown, white or a roll – and then all sorts of salad and meat or fish to go in the sandwich. Pubs often serve good, cheap food, both hot and cold. School-children can have a hot meal at school, but many just take a snack from home – a sandwich, a drink, some fruit, and perhaps some crisps.

        Tea means two things. It is a drink and a meal! Some people have afternoon tea, with sandwiches, cakes, and, of course, a cup of tea. Cream teas are popular. You have scones (a kind of cake) with cream and jam.

        The evening meal is the main meal of the day for many people. They usually have it quite early, between 6.00 and 8.00, and often the whole family eats together.

        On Sundays many families have a traditional lunch. They have roast meat, either beef, lamb, chicken, or pork, with potatoes, vegetables, and gravy. Gravy is a sauce made from the meat juices.

        The British like food from other countries, too, especially Italian, French, Chinese, and Indian. People often get take-away meal – you buy the food at the restaurant and then bring it home to eat. Eating in Britain is quite international!

Отметьте, какие предложение верные (T), а какие не верные (F)?

1. Many British people have a big breakfast.
2. People often have cereal or toast for breakfast.
3. Marmalade is different from jam.
4. People drink tea with hot milk.
5. Many foreign visitors love instant coffee.
6. All British people have a hot lunch.
7. Pubs are good places to go for lunch.
8. British people eat dinner late in the evening.
9. Sunday lunch is a special meal.

Text “Buckingham Palace”

 Переведите слова

Inside _________________

The whole ______________

Famous________________

Grow up_______________

Like__________________

To prepare______________

Own__________________

Piper__________________

Outside________________

Do the washing ____________

Everybody________________

During__________________

Course (food)_____________

The Palace.

        There are two addresses in London that the whole world knows. One is 10 Downing Street, where the Prime Minister lives. The other is Buckingham Palace. This famous palace, first built in 1703, is in the very centre of London.

        It is two places, not one. It is a family house, where children play and grow up. It is also the place where president, kings, and politicians go to meet the Queen.

        Buckingham Palace is like a small town, with a police station, two post offices, a hospital, a bar, tow sports clubs, a disco, a cinema and a swimming pool. There are 600 rooms and three miles of red carpet. Two men work full-time to look after the 300 clocks. About 700 people work in the Palace.

The Queen`s day.

        When the Queen gets up in the morning, seven people look after her. One starts her bath, one prepares her clothes and one feeds the royal dogs. She has eight or nine dogs and they sleep in their own bedroom near the Queen`s bedroom. Two people bring her breakfast. She has coffee from Harrods, toast and eggs. Every day for fifteen minutes, a piper plays Scottish music outside her room and the Queen reads The Times.

        Every Tuesday evening, she meets the Prime Minister. They talk about world news and have a drink, perhaps a gin and tonic or a whisky.

An invitation to the Palace.

        When the Queen invites a lot of people for dinner, it takes three days to prepare the table and three days to do the washing up. Everybody has five glasses: one for red wine, one for white wine, one for water, one for port and one for liqueur. During  the first and the second courses, the Queen speaks to the person on her left and then she speaks to the person on her right for the rest of the meal. When the Queen finishes her food, everybody finishes and it is time for the next course!

Правильные ли предложения (T) или нет (F)? Исправьте неправильные предложения:

1. The palace is more than two hundred years old.
2. It is famous because it is in the centre of London.
3. The same person starts the Queen`s bath prepares her clothes and feed the dog.
4. The dogs sleep in the Queen`s bedroom.
5. The Queen and the Prime Minister go out for a drink on Tuesday nights.

Ответьте на вопросы:

1. “Buckingham Palace is two places, not one”. How?
2. Why is it like a small town?
3. Are there a lot of clocks?
4. How many dogs does the Queen have?
5. What newspaper does she read?
6. What sort of music does the piper play?
7. Why do people have five glasses on the table?
8. Who does the Queen speak to during a meal?
9. What happens when the Queen finishes her food?

Exercise 37.

Используйте слова в скобках в правильной форме:

Some fact about London:

London ________(to be) the home of many famous Englishman. Some________(to be) born there. Some ________(to live) there all their lives. Others ___________(to live) in London only for a short time but all ___________(to give) something to this great city.

        One of the first names of importance _________ (to be) that of Geoffrey Chaucer, the poet. He _______ (to live) most of his life in London. Chaucer__________ (to hold) official posts in London and ___________ (to burry) in Westminster Abbey.

        William Shakespeare also ___________(to live) in London. He __________ (to live) there for more than twenty years. He ___________ (to act) at the Globe Theatre and most of his plays __________(to write) in London.

        Sir Christopher Wren, the architect, ___________ (to spend) most of his life in London. He ___________(to design) many beautiful churches, including St. Paul`s Cathedral. Some palaces and fine homes _____________ (to design) also by him.

Exercise 38.

Что вы знаете о других англоязычных странах?

1. What is the major language spoken in London?

1. Welsh
2. Irish
3. English

2. What is the official language of Ireland?

1. Welsh
2. Irish
3. English

3. What are the colors of the Irish flag?

1. Orange, green and white
2. Red, white and blue
3. Red and white

4. Canada has two official languages. What are they?

1. English and Spanish
2. English and French
3. English and Irish

5. What is the national symbol of Canada?

1. The bald eagle
2. The maple leaf
3. The magnolia tree

6. What is the capital of Australia?

1. Sydney
2. Canberra
3. Melbourne

7. What is the largest city in Australia?

1. Sydney
2. Canberra
3. Melbourne

8. What is one of Australia`s most famous and best-loved animals?

1. The penguin
2. The eagle
3. The koala

9. Australia is a(n)

1. Peninsula
2. Island continent
3. City

10. What currency is used in New Zealand?

1. The New Zealand pound
2. The New Zealand shilling
3. The New Zealand dollar

Exercise 39.

Что вы знаете об Америке?

1. Christopher Columbus landed in America in…

1. 1620
2. 1942
3. 1492

2. Washington D.C., is a…

1. State
2. Country
3. District

3. How many states are there in America?

1. 50
2. 52
3. 25

4. Who arrived at Plymouth Rock in 1620?

1. The Indians
2. The pilgrims
3. The French

5. In which month is Thanksgiving Day celebrated?

1. December
2. February
3. November

6. Who built the first car?

1. Benjamin Franklin
2. Alexander Graham Bell
3. Henry Ford

7. What is the capital of Georgia?

1. Atlanta
2. San Francisco
3. Los Angeles

8. What is the tallest building in the world?

1. The Empire State Building
2. The Sears Tower
3. The Washington Monument

9. Who fought against racial discrimination in the 1960`s?

1. Martin Luther King, Jr.
2. Frank Lloyd Wright
3. Emily Dickinson

10. The Statue of Liberty was a gift from…

1. Italy
2. England
3. France

11. What is the capital of Massachusetts?

1. St. Louis
2. Memphis
3. Boston

12. A famous American artist is…

1. Norman Rockwell
2. Jack London
3. Robert Lee Frost

13. The first university in America was…

1. Boston University
2. Harvard
3. MIT

14. Who was the first president of the United States?

1. Thomas Jefferson
2. Abraham Lincoln
3. George Washington

15. Popular American foods are…

1. Barbecue ribs
2. Pelmeni
3. Fish and Chips

Exercise 40.

Кроссворд Puzzle

По горизонтали:

1. An American river
2. Benjamin Franklin wrote a famous …
3. Jack London went to … to find gold.
4. Someone who dresses up like someone else.
5. Alexander Graham Bell was  born in …

      По вертикали:

1. Elvis Presley was called the … of rock ‘n’ roll.
2. The Wright brother invented the first …
3. Frank Lloyd Wright was a great …
4. Emily Dickinson was a …
5. Henry Ford introduced the mass production assembly…

Exercise 41.

Используйте правильное слово: rocks, important, capital, the largest, the highest, world-known, interesting, the White House, government, attracts, structures. Озаглавьте текст.

______________________

        Washington, the ______________ of the United States, is situated on the _______________ River in the District of Columbia. Washington is not _______________ city in the United States but in the political sense it is the most important city.

        Washington has one major business and that business is government. Many people living in Washington work for the federal _________________. At 1600Pennsylvania Avenue there in___________________ where the President lives and has his office.

        The Capitol, with its great Hall of Representatives and the Senate, is _______________ building  in Washington. There is a law against building _____________more than 90 feet high in the capital. With its beautiful building and its tree-lined avenues Washington ______________ a lot of visitors.

        The capital has ______________ art  galleries , museums and monuments. One of the most _______________ museum in Washington is the National Art and  Space Museum. The Museum has aircraft and spacecraft that  were ________________ in aviation history. There are even _____________________ that the astronauts brought to the Earth after Moon landing.

LESSON 10

Артикль и его употребление

Отсутствие артикля перед именами существительными

Exercise 42.

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо:

1. We have ____ large______family.
2. My granny often tells us______long _______interesting ________stories.
3. My_______father is ______engineer. He works at ____factory. ____ factory is large.
4. My______mother is _______ doctor. She works at _____ large ______ hospital. She is at _______ work now.
5. My_______ aunt is _______teacher. She works at _______school. ________ school is good. My _______ aunt is not at ___________ school now. She is at _______ home. She is drinking ___________ tea and eating _________ jam. ________jam is sweet. I am at __________ home, too. I am drinking________ tea and eating _________ sandwich. __________ sandwich is tasty.  
6. My sister is at __________ school. She is ____________ pupil.
7. My cousin has ________ big _______black ______ cat. My cousin`s ________ cat has two________ kittens. ______cat likes _________ milk. _________kitten like ____________milk, too
8. I am __________ engineer.
9. My _______ son is ________ pupil.
10. He is _______ good _________ pupil.
11. This is ________ house.
12. This is my _________ pencil.
13. You have some _________ pencils, but I have no _______pencil. Give me ________ pencil, please.

Запомните следующие словосочетания, в которых

 артикль не употребляется:

 at school         after school       from school

 at home          after work         from work

 at work

Exercise 43.

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо:

1. I have two ________sister. My _______ sister are _______ students.
2. We are at ______ home.
3. My _______ brother is not at ________ home, he is at ________ school.
4. My ________ mother is at _______ work. She is ______ doctor.
5. I am not ________ doctor.
6. I have no _______ sister.
7. He is not _______ pilot.
8. I have thirty-two _________ teeth.
9. He has _______ child.
10. She has two _______ children. Her children are at _______ school.
11. Is your father at _______ home? – No, he is at _______ work.
12. Where is your _______ brother? – He is at ______ home.
13. There is _______ picture on ______ wall.
14. What is ________ date today? It is _______ seventh of _________ December.
15. _______ third lesson today is _______ lesson of English.
16. Pete, go to ________ blackboard.
17. After school I usually go _________ home.
18. My father always comes from ________ work late: at eight o`clock or at _________ half past right. But on _________ Friday he comes _______ home early: at half past four or at ________  quarter to five. On _________ Saturday and on __________ Sunday he does not go to _________ work.

Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания

             to play chess                 to play the piano

             to play football             to play the guitar

                                 out of doors

Exercise 44.

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо:

My ______ name is Charlie. I come from _______ pretty big ______ family. I have two _______ brothers and ______ sister is _______youngest; she plays _______ violin really well and wants to be __________ professional ________musician. She has other ________ hobbies, too, and she often goes swimming with her _________ friends if _________ weather is nice.

Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания

             to the cinema                   at the cinema

             to the theatre                   at the theatre

             to the shop                       at the shop

             to the market                   at the market

                              to go for a walk

Exercise 45.

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо:

1. Let`s go to _____ shop. I must buy ______ bread and ______ milk.
2. I was at _______ cinema yesterday. – What _____ film did you see? Oh, I saw _______ very good film. I think it is ______ best film of _______ year.
3. Do you often go to _________ theatre? – No, I don`t. I like to go to _______ theatre, but I am very busy. I work from ________ morning till ________ night. I even have no ______ time to play _______ piano.
4. Oleg has _________ a lot of _______ interesting books at _______  home.
5. _______ lot of ________ tourists from _______ different countries come to ________ St. Petersburg. They won`t to see one of ________ most beautiful cities in ________ world.
6. My new friends said to me: “I am _________ student of _________ first course”.
7. We went to __________ cinema in __________ evening.
8. I am interesting in_________ history.
9. What ______ foreign languages does your father speak? – He speaks ________ English. He studied ________ English at ________ school.
10. We played ______ tennis at ______ lesson of physical training yesterday. We had _______ good time.

LESSON 11

Виды и особенности

употребления местоимений

Личные и притяжательные местоимения

Exercise 46.

Употребите нужную форму личных местоимений:

1. I often see ________ (he, him) in the bus.
2. She lives near ________ (we, us).
3. (We, us) _______ always walk to school together.
4. He teaches _________ (we, us) English.
5. He sits near __________(I, me) during the lesson.
6. I always speak to ________ (he, him) in English.
7. What is the matter with ______ (he, him) today?
8. He explains the lesson to _________ (we, us) each morning.
9. There are some letters here for you and ________ (I, me).
10. I know ________ (she, her) and her sister very well.

Exercise 47.

Заполните пропуски притяжательными местоимениями, соответствующими личным местоимениями, данным в скобках.

1. _________(He) composition is very interesting.
2. _________(We) son goes to school.
3. _________(You) sister is young.
4. _________(They) knowledge of the subject is very poor.
5. _________(He) name is John.
6. _________(I) family lives in Kiev.
7. _________(She) friends often visit her.

Exercise 48.

Употребите нужную форму притяжательных местоимений:

1. Would you like to see same of _______ (her, hers) poems?
2. ________ (Their, theirs) knowledge of the subject is not much superior to _______ (our, ours).
3. You take care of ______ (your, your) thing and I’ll take care of _________(my, mine).
4. All _________ (our, ours) clothes were dirty, and ________ (my, mine) especially so.
5. _________ (Their, their) boat was faster than ________ (our, ours).
6. I`m afraid they will take ________ (your, yours) words against _________ (her, hers).
7. _______ (Their, theirs) home is pretty but _________ (our, ours) is prettier.

Возвратные местоимения

          I→myself                 he→himself

          she→herself            you→yourself/yourselves

          we→ourselves         they→themselves

Exercise 49.

Закончите предложения, употребив необходимую форму возвратных местоимений:

1. I cut ______ with a knife.
2. Be careful! That plate is very hot. Don`t burn ______.
3. I`m not angry with you. I`m angry, with ________.
4. They never think about other people. They only  think about _________.
5. I got out of the ball and dries ______ with a towel.
6. I`d like to know more about you. Tell me about ______.
7. When people are alone, they often talk to ________.
8. He fell off the ladder but he didn`t hurt__________.

Неопределенные местоимения much, many, a little, a few, a lot of

Примеры:

Many much (?-); a lot of (+)

A lot of people, a lot of coffee

Do you drink much coffee? Do you know many people?

She hasn`t got much money. He hasn`t got many friend.

Exercise 50.

Вставьте местоимения a lot of, much, many:

1. Do you drink _______ tea?
2. I like reading. I`ve got __________ of books.
3. There isn`t __________ milk in the fridge.
4. In costs _________ money to travel rounds the world.
5. Please be quick! I haven`t got ________ time.
6. How ________ foreign languages can you speak?
7. They didn`t ask me _________ questions.
8. There was _________ food at the party, but I didn`t eat.
9. We saw ________interesting thing in the museum.
10. “Did you enjoy the party?” “No not ________.”
11. George knows _________ about economics.
12. Most of the town is modern. – There aren`t _______ old building.

Exercise 51.

Вставьте few, a few, little, a little:

1. There was _________ food in the fringe. It was nearly empty.
2. “When did you Sarah?” _________ days ago.
3. He`s very lazy. He does __________ work.
4. Last night I went to a restaurant with __________ friend.
5. I can`t decide now - I need _______ time to think about it.
6. He`s not well-know _________ people have heard of him.

Exercise 52.

Закончите предложения, употребления количественных местоимений и одно из этих слов: coffee, hotels, rain, tables, time, mistakes:

1. Her English is very good. She makes very __________.
2. I drink _________I don`t like it.
3. In summer the weather is very dry. There is _________.
4. It`s difficult to find a place to stay in this town. There are _________.
5. We must hurry. We`re got ___________.
6. It`s a small restaurant. There are ___________.

Text “Witches and Black Cats”

Прочитайте текст:

        Witches were greatly feared by nearly everyone less than 300 years ago, and by some people in our own century. At Halloween, people believed they were at their wicked worst, and first blazed across the countryside to frighten them and other evil spirits away.

        Superstitions about witches were indeed strange. It was believed that  witches held big meeting were very important. One  came on April 30, the eve before May Day. It was called Roodmas in English and Walpurgis Night in Germany. The other fell on October 31. Halloween became the Witches` Night.

        What a gay time the witches had! They flew to  the meeting on broomsticks. The party was led by the Devil.

        Witches had special powers on this night. Heh! Heh! Heh! They  laughed as they thought up all sorts of mischief. Bad luck! Storms! Ruined crops! they linked arms, kicking their hells and laughing. In the early morning, they rode their broom sticks home.

        There were other superstitions. Witches used their magic to see into the future. They could change themselves into other forms. They could even casts spells over people and change them. They might change a beautiful girl into a snake. Witches were often in company with such things as owls, bats, lizard and frogs.

        The witches cooked their magic brews in big black ports. These were called cauldrons. One of William Shakespeare`s famous plays tells of three witches mixing a magic brews:

“In the cauldron boil and bake;

Eye of newt, and toe of frog,

Wool of bat, and tongue of dog,

Adder`s fork, and blind-worm`s sting,

Lizard`s leg, and owlet`s wing,

For a charm of powerful trouble,

Like a hell-broth boil and bubble.

Double, double toil and trouble:

Fire burn, and cauldron bubble.”

        If you want to meet a witch this old superstition tell you what you must do. Put your clothes on wrong side out. Walk backwards to a crossroads on Halloween night. At midnight you will see a witch.

        Black cats were the partners of witches. Many people were afraid of cats. Some thought cats were the spirits of the dead. Other believed that witches changed themselves into cats. If people meet a cat, they asked: “is this really a cat? Or is this a witch changed into a cat?”

        The Irish had many superstitions about witches and cats. If they began a trip and met a black cat, they turned back. A witch was in their path. The trip would turn out badly. Even today, many people do not want a black cat to cross their path.

Переведите слова:

символ_________________угощать____________________

привидение_______________добавлять_________________

испугать_________________поворачивать_______________

отмечать_________________суеверие__________________

верить___________________возвращать________________

помнить_________________прыгать____________________

выбрасывать_____________прекрасный_________________

выглядеть_______________размешивать________________

тыква__________________огонь_______________________

получать_______________знакомить___________________

Переведите волшебное заклинание письменно:  

 _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Ответьте на следующие вопросы письменно:

1. When do Americans celebrate Halloween?

_____________________________________________

2. What does Halloween mean?

_____________________________________________

3. Is Halloween older than Christianity?

_____________________________________________

4. What did people make to keep the ghosts away?

_____________________________________________

5. Why do people keep the day?

_____________________________________________

6. What are the symbols at Halloween?

_____________________________________________

7. How do American children want to look like?

_____________________________________________

8. What do they say when they go from house to house?

_____________________________________________

 LESSON 12

Множественное число существительных

Правила образования множественного числа:

1. Мн. число сущ. образуется путем прибавления окончания –s:  a map – maps; a bike – bikes; a pen – pens.
2. Если слово заканчивается на буквы –s, -z, -ch, -sh, -x,  то множественное число образуется путем добавления окончания –es: a bus – buses; a dress – dresses; a box – boxes.
3. Если слово заканчивается на –y, перед которой стоит согласная буква, то во мн. ч. –у меняется на –i и добавляется окончание –es: a city – cities; a factory – factories.
4.  Если слово заканчивается на –y, перед которой стоит гласная буква, то просто добавляется окончание  -s: a boy – boys; a day – days; a key – keys.
5. Существительные оканчивающиеся на –о, перед которой стоит согласная буква, мн. ч. Образуется путем добавления окончания –es: a potato – potatoes; a hero – heroes (искл. a piano – pianos; a photo – photos)
6. Если слово заканчивается на –f, то –f  меняется на –v и добавляется –es: a half – halves; a leaf – leaves (искл.  a roof – roofs; a chief – chiefs; a proof – proofs)
7. Если слово заканчивается на –fe, то предпоследняя буква меняется на –v и добавляется –s: a wife – wives; a life – lives; a knife – knives
8. Ряд существительных образует множественное число не по правилам:

 a man – men                             a tooth – teeth

a woman – women                    a foot – feet

a child – children                      a mouse – mice

a goose – geese                         an ox – oxen

9. Некоторые существительные употребляются только в единственном числе: news, information, knowledge, advice, money, progress, hair, fruit, gymnastics, mathematics

10. Некоторые существительные употребляются только во множественном числе: glasses, trousers, goods, cattle, shorts, pajamas, clothes, scissors, police, people.

Exercise 53.

Образуй множественное число существительных:

Пример: policeman – policemen

1. sportsman –____________11. berry - ______________
2. valley –  ______________12. child - _______________
3. thief –________________13. radio - _______________
4. mouse – ______________14. tooth -_______________
5. sheep –_______________15. woman - _____________
6. wolf – _______________16. hero -________________
7. deep -________________17. video -_______________
8. shelf -________________18. wife -________________
9. potato –______________19. goose -_______________
10. brush -  ______________20. photo -_______________

Exercise 54.

Переведите предложения на английский язык:

1. Ее советы очень полезны.

_____________________________________________

2. Математика – мой любимый предмет.

_____________________________________________

3. Ее одежда очень красива.

_____________________________________________

4. Какие новости?

_____________________________________________

5. Где деньги? – Они на столе.

_____________________________________________

Exercise 55.

Выберите правильное слов в каждом предложении:

1. ____________(million/millions) of people travel abroad and enjoy it.
2. I have there _____________(hundred/hundreds) books at home.
3. I know at least two_____________ (dozen/dozens) places where we could go on holiday.
4. One can see _______________ (thousand/thousands) of starts in the night sky.
5. Nick brought ______________ (hundred/hundreds) of photos from the summer camp.
6. We have learned several _______________(hundred/hundreds) English words.
7. This car can do ten________________ (dozen/dozens) miles an hour.
8. The population of Great Britain is over fifty __________ (million/millions) people.
9. Moscow zoo has _____________ (hundred/hundreds) of species of different birds.
10. There are only four ____________ (hundred/hundreds)pupils in this college.

Притяжательный падеж существительных

Possessive case

Существительные в английском языке имеют два падежа: общий падеж и родительный или притяжательный падеж. В общем падеже существительные не имеют никаких окончаний и отвечают на вопрос «кто, что». Притяжательный падеж образуется путем прибавления суффикса –`s к существительным в единственном числе, а также к тем существительным во множественном числе,  которые образуют его не по правилам, например: boy`s, girl`s, men`s, children`s и отвечает на вопрос «чей».  Апостроф «`»  прибавляется к существительным во множественном числе: soldiers`, workers`.

This is the boy`s book.

These are the boys` book.

  Существительные в родительном падеже обычно выступают в качестве определения к другому существительному и выражают принадлежность в широком смысле слова, например: the children`s toy – игрушки (чьи?) детей; или служит описанию предмета, например: sheep`s eyes – глаза, как у овцы.

Существительные, обозначающие неодушевленные предметы, вещества и отвлеченные понятия, в форме родительного падежа не употребляются, а образуют оборот с предлогом «of» - the window of the house – окна дома.

Exercise 56.

Преобразуйте следующие словосочетания и предложения, употребляя притяжательный падеж:

1. the ball of the god______________________________
2. The songs of the children_________________________
3. The poems of the Pushkin________________________
4. The room of my friend___________________________
5. The bags of the ship_____________________________
6. The arrival of the ship___________________________
7. The policy of the company_______________________
8. Gold reserves of Russia__________________________
9. A cruise which lasts three weeks___________________
10. The rest which lasted an hour_____________________

LESSON 13

Степени сравнения прилагательных

1. Односложные и двусложные прилагательные

2. Многосложные прилагательные

3. Особые случаи образования степеней сравнения

Exercise 57.

Образуйте сравнительную и превосходную степень следующих прилагательных:

hot______________________long_______________________

clever____________________silly______________________

red______________________black______________________

thin______________________thik_______________________

nice______________________warm_____________________

merry____________________small______________________

high_____________________weak______________________

wide_____________________deep______________________

important___________________________________________

wonderful___________________________________________

difficult____________________________________________

expensive___________________________________________

Exercise 58.

Употребите прилагательные в необходимой степени:

1. The Vatican is ____________(small) country in the world.
2. _______________(easy) way to travel around London is by bus or underground train.
3. Jane has got ______________(long) hair than her sister.
4. The ______________ (high) mountains are in Scotland and Wales: Ben Nevis and Snow don.
5. My___________(old) brother is twenty-two.
6. This book is _____________(interesting) than the red one.
7. Tom is ____________ (good) brined I have.
8. Kate is _______________ (old) than Bill and _____________ (young) than Peter.
9. Peter is _____________ (old) child in the family.
10. Peter is ___________ (tall) than his father. He is ___________(tall) in the family.

Exercise 59.

Выберите правильную степень сравнения прилагательных:

1. The opera theatre is one of . . .  buildings in the city.  

a) beautiful b) more beautiful   c) the most beautiful

2. Mr. Green is … than his wife

1. old  b) older c) the oldest

3. She is not  as… as her sister

a) nice    b) nicer   c) the nicest

4. Your hands are as … as ice.

       a) cold b) colder   c) the coldest

5. She is … than me

       a) old b) older c) the oldest

6. She is ... girl under the sun.

       a) happy   b) the happiest c) happier

LESSON 14

“Holidays”

Exercise 60.

Найдите слова, которые не относятся к теме “Holiday”

national, to honor, to invite, popular, to prepare, public, customs, observe, to commemorate, parade, dinner, vocation, tradition, to be proud, anniversary, bonfire, origin, economic, famous

Your answer:________________________________________

___________________________________________________

Exercise 61.

Выберите правильные слова: adopted, custom, France, humor, example, laugh, April Fool`s Day, joke, write, people, popular, television, и озаглавьте текст.

_____________________________

Many people think______________ is the funniest day of the year.

        This holiday originated in ________________. When the French first the old calendar and celebrated the New Year`s Day on April 1. These___________were called April Fools. The ______________ of playing ticks on this day became ___________ in France and then spread to many other countries. Whatever the stick, if you fall for the joke the prankster cries: ‘April Fool!’

        Most April Fool jokes are in good fun and are not mean to _____________ anyone.

        Fixing a string to a wallet and leaving a wallet in the middle of the street. When someone tries to pick it up, the prankster pulls it out of the reach.

        On this day of national good ______________, ______________ and newspapers join in the fun. British ________________ once told the story of a building that had been built upside-down by mistake. They showed _______________  of modern architecture which actually looked better when it was turned the other way. Many people must have been fooled, and perhaps, the architect himself was puzzled.

        In all countries, in all times the best _______________ has always been the one which makes everyone ______________ especially the person on whom the joke is played.

        The famous American_______________Mark Twain said:

‘The first of April is the day when we remember what we are the other 364 days of the year.’

LESSON 15

The Past Simple Tense

«+»   подлежащее      +     Ved (2)

«-»   подлежащее  + did  +  not   +   V1

«?»  Did + подлежащее  +  V1?

Yesterday, last year, last week, last Sunday, a year ago, the other day, in 1996

Примеры:

They collected a lot of stamps last year.

I didn`t watch TV the day before yesterday.

Did she understand the play? – No, she didn`t

Exercise 62.

Употребите глаголы данные в скобках в форме Past Simple:

1. We________(work) in our garden all day yesterday.
2. I__________(listen) to the radio until twelve o`clock last night.
3. He always ____________(want) to learn English.
4. Ann and I_____________(talk) over the telephone yesterday.
5. They_________(live) in France for many years.
6. The meeting____________(last) about two hours.

Exercise 63.

Напишите  следующие предложения в отрицательной и вопросительной форме:

1. They stayed in Moscow all summer.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

2. She planned her work well.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

3. The crowd waited a long time to see the famous actor.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

4. He worked in that Institute for many tears.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Exercise 64.

Используйте глагол в скобках в Past Simple:

        Yesterday Peter ____________(have) breakfast at 8 o`clock in the morning. After breakfast _______________(walk) to school. In the morning he ___________(have) these classes: French, gymnastics and history.

        At lunch time, Peter __________(talk) to some of his friends, and in the afternoon he _______________(attend) the geometry and art classes. Then he _____________(walk) home, ______________(cleaned) his room, and ______________(listen) some music before dinner.

        After dinner he_____________(watch) TV for about two hours. Then he ____________(study) for a little while and at about ten thirty, he_____________(undress) and _____________________(go) to bed. It _______________(be) a busy day.

LESSON 16

The Past Continuous Tense

«+»   подлежащее + was/were  +  Ving

«-»   подлежащее  + was/were  +  not   +   Ving

«?»  Was/were + подлежащее  +  Ving?

at … o`clock yesterday, when mother came home, from 7 yesterday, the whole morning

Примеры:

We were playing chess the whole evening.

What were you doing yesterday at 9 o`clock?

Exercise 65.

Употребите was или were в данных предложениях:

1. The Titanic _____________going very fast.
2. We__________sleeping in our room.
3. Another ship____________passing a party.
4. We____________not having a party.
5. They __________ not firing the rockets in fun.
6. The captain____________sleeping in his cabin.
7. What __________ you doing at the moment?
8. My mother __________ wearing a nightgown and my father pajamas.
9. _____________ the people crying? – No, they _____________ laughing and joking.
10. What kind of music ____________ the band playing?

Exercise 66.

Употребите глаголы, данные в скобках в Past Simple или в Past Continuous:

1. ______________yesterday (go) home when you __________ (meet) her yesterday?
2. We __________ (have dinner) when he _____________ (arrive).
3. When ___________ (see) him last?
4. What ______________ you (do) yesterday at 8o`clock?
5. He ________________ (work) for this company for two years.
6. She ______________ (eat) a lot of meat when she was younger.
7. I _______________ (sleep) when you ________(phone)
8. How fast ___________ you (drive) when the accident ___________(happen)?
9. When I ____________________ (to come) home, my little sister ________________ (to sleep).
10. When Nick ________________(to come) home, his brother _______________ (to play) with his toys.

LESSON 17

Topic “Famous People”

Text “Alfred Nobel – a Man of Contrasts

Прочитайте текст:

        Alfred Nobel, the great Swedish inventor and industrialist was а mаn of mаnу contrasts. Не was а scientist with а love of literature, and industrialist who mаnаgеd to remain аn idealist. Не made а fortune but lived а simple life,  and although cheerful in соmраnу he was often sad in private. А lover of mankind, he nеvеr had а wife оr family to love him; а patriotic son of his native land, he died alone оn foreign soi1. Не invented а new explosive, dуnаmitе, to improve the peacetime industries of mining and road building, but saw it used as а weapon of war to kill and injure his fellow mеn. During his useful life he often felt he was useless. "Alfred Nobel," he оnсе wrote of himself, "ought to have bееn put to death bу а kind doctor as soon as, with а сrу, hе еntеrеd life." World-famous for his works hе was nеvеr реrsоnallу wеll known, for throughout his life hе avoided рubliсitу. "I do not see," hе оnсе said, "that I havе deserved аnу fame and I have nо taste for it." But since his death, his nаmе has brought fame and glory to others.

Не was born in Stockholm оn October 21, 1833 but moved to Russia with his parent in 1842, where his father made а strong position for himself in the engineering industry. Most of the family returned to Sweden in 1859, where Alfred rеjоinеd them in 1863, beginning his own study of explosives in his father's laboratory. Не had never been to school оr university but had studied privately and bу the time he was twenty was а skilful chemist and excellent linguist, speaking Swedish, Russian, German, French and English. Alfred Nobel was imaginative and inventive. Не was quick to see industrial openings for his scientific inventions and built up over 80 companies in 20 different countries. Indeed his greatness lay in his outstanding ability to соmbine the qualities of аn original scientist with those of а forward-looking industrialist.

But Nobel`s main concern was never with making money or never with making scientific discoveries. Seldom happy, he was always searching for a meaning to life, and from his  youth he had  taken a serious interest in literature and  philosophy. Perhaps because  he could not find ordinary human love he never married – he came to care deeply about the whole of making. He  was always generous to the poor. “I`d rather take care of the stomachs of the living than the glory of the dead in the form of stone memorials,” he once said. His greatest wish, however, was to see an end to wars, and thus peace between nations, and he spent much time and money working for this cause until his death in Italy in 1896. His famous will, in which he left money to provide prizes for outstanding work in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology, Medicine, Literature and Peace, is a memorial to his interests and ideals.

Напишите:

1. How Alfred Nobel distinguished himself throughout his lifetime

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What the Nobel Prizes are given for

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

LESSON 18

The Future Simple Tense

«+»   подлежащее + will  +  V1

«-»   подлежащее  + will  +  not   +   V1

«?»  Will + подлежащее  +  V1?

Tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next week/month/year, in 5 day/week/month/year

Exercise 67.

Употребите глаголы в скобках в Future Simple:

1. I____________(be) in St. Petersburg tomorrow morning.
2. I____________(know) the result in a day.
3. When___________he (come) back?
4. Tomorrow I____________(apologize) to him.
5. I____________(not see) him again for a long time.
6. I am sure  I____________(recognize) him.
7. It___________(snow) and a strong wind __________(blow).
8. When _________you___________(know) the results?
9. Why____________she__________(go) there by bus?

Запомните

The Future Simple не употребляется после союзов till, until, before, after, as soon as, as long as, unless, on condition that, in case, provided, а также в придаточных предложениях времени и условия после союза if и when.

Примеры

When he comes I will call you.

If he comes I will call you.

Exercise 68.

Раскройте скобки, употребляя правильную форму глагола:

1. Before you__________(cross) the park, you _______(come) to a supermarket.
2. If you__________(translate) this article into Russia, I____________ (use) it in my  report.
3. If she______(be) in Moscow now, she ____________(meet) you at the railway station.
4. If it __________(rain), we _________(go) to the country.
5. The child  ___________(not be) healthy if you ____________(not give) him much fruit.
6. If you_________(not hurry), you ___________(miss) the train.
7. When he__________(return) to St. Petersburg, he _____________ (call) on us.
8. We__________(gather) at our place when my brother____________(come) back from Africa.
9. After I ___________ (finish) school, I __________ (enter) the university.
10. As soon as I ___________(return) from school, I _________(ring) you up.

LESSON 19

The Future Continuous Tense

«+»   подлежащее + will be +  Ving

«-»   подлежащее  + will  +  not   + be +   Ving

«?»  Will + подлежащее  + be + Ving?

Exercise 69.

Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Present Simple, Future Simple и в  Future Continuous:

1. When I_________(get) home, my dog__________(sit) at the door waiting for me.
2. It____________(be) the middle of June. They ___________ (come) soon.
3. If you_____________(want) to see us, come to Tom`s on Sunday.
4. At this time next week they __________(sit) in the train on their way to Moscow.
5. They_________(have) English from nine to ten in this room.
6. I_____________(wait) for you when you__________(come). Don`t let anyone disturb them then.
7. “I_________(call) for her at eight.” – No, I don`t . She still_______(have) breakfast then.
8. It`s beginning to get dark; the street lights__________(go) on in a few minutes.

Exercise 70.

Раскройте скобки. Используйте Future Simple, если действие постоянно повторяется или это разовое действие. Используйте Future Continuous, чтобы показать, что действие временное. имеет место в данный момент в будущем.

1. You___________(know) her. She_________(stand) at the news stand. She ___________(wear) a scarlet rain coat.
2. I __________(tell) her everything and I ___________(show) her the papers. I promise you she ___________(not/smile) this time.
3. There __________(not/be) anyone in when we ____________ (come). The secretary __________(have) lunch.
4. It__________(rain) when we_________(get) there.
5. Go straight up the street. The car __________(wait) for you at the entrance to the department store.
6. We are much too early. There _________(be) no one there.
7. Of course, I ___________(be) still here when you __________(return). I ____________(mark) the papers.
8. Come and speak to me about it in your lunch hour. I __________(type) your stuff.
9. I don`t think she ____________(be) there at that time. She _________(sketch) somewhere along the coast.
10. No one __________(see) us come. They_____________(have) tea on the terrace.
11. At this time she___________(do) her shopping.
12. When you_____________(come) to Athens I ________(cross) the border.

Text “Leonardo da Vinci”

(1452-1519)

Прочитайте текст:

        Leonardo was the greatest artist in the world. He was also an astronomer, an architect, and engineer who made hundreds of inventions. He loved to make wonderful machines. His imagination made him impatient, and it was hard for him to finish anything.

        Leonardo would buy lovely birds at the bird market. Taking them to his tower, he set them free. Leonardo studied their flight carefully. I, too, will fly, he thought.

        So he made a machine with wings and ropes and pedals, and Marco, his youngest pupil, tested it. The machine trembled and shook like a bowl of pudding, but it did not fly. Leonardo made many such machines.

        Next, Leonardo made the giant figure of a man on horseback. It bronze. Some said the metal was sent off to make a cannon. Some  said that Leonardo did not know how to finish the statue.

        Leonardo made drawings of the bones, muscles, and organs of human beings and animals. He also explored the life of plants, flowers, and trees. His 5000 pages of notebooks are a jumble of notes and drawings. He drew stars, flowers, geometrical forms, and a horse`s head side by side.

        Leonardo studied the heavens and made notes on the wonders of the landscape of the skies.

        In 1492 most people believed that the earth was the center of the Universe, steadfast and backwards. Why? Perhaps it was to keep people from reading what they could not understand. In one notebook is the sentence:

EVOM TON SEOD NUS EHT (THE SUN DOES NOT MOVE)

        At last Leonardo began to pain. He made a design so extraordinary that all Florence came to marvel. Alas! The wall was as porous as a sponge! As the paint sank in, the wonderful picture disappeared before their eyes. So he painted the Mona Lisa instead.

Найдите русские эквиваленты:

1. astronomer
2. backwards
3. bone
4. bronze
5. cannon
6. carefully
7. cast
8. explore
9. figure
10. flight
11. geometrical
12. giant
13. horseback
14. human being
15. imagination
16. immovable
17. impatient
18. invention
19. jumble
20. landscape
21. machine
22. muscle
23. organ
24. pedal
25. revolve
26. rope
27. set free
28. shake
29. steadfast
30. tremble
31. universe
32. wing
33. wonder

LESSON 20

The Present Perfect Tense

«+»   подлежащее + have  +  V3(ed)

                                    has (he, she, it)

«-»   подлежащее  + have +  not   +   V3(ed)

                                   has (he, she, it)

«?»  Have + подлежащее  +  V3(ed)?

        Has (he, she, it)

Ever, never, just, already, yet, recently; this morning, this evening, today, this week, this month; for, since

Exercise 71.

Употребите глаголы в скобках в Present Perfect:

1. I don`t know this man. I never ___________(nice) him before.
2. “Where is Nick?” – “He just____________(go) out”.
3. “Don`t you know what the story is about?” – No, I __________(not/read) it”
4. Don`t worry about the letter. I already___________(post) it.
5. “Is he a good boy?” – “Oh, yes, he _____________(help) me a lot”.
6. I know London perfectly well. I__________(be) there several times.
7. I can`t find my bag. I thing, somebody____________(take) it by mistake.
8. “Do you speak Greek?” – “No, I never ____________(study) it”.
9. “Do you know where he lives?” – “No, he recently ____________(move) to a new flat. I__________(not/be) there yet”.

Exercise 72.

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Continuous или в Present Perfect:

1. What`s the matter? Why he ____________(to stop)?
2. My cousin___________(to look) for a job, but he___________(not/to find) a job yet.
3. It__________(to be) impossible for her to feel at home here.
4. What you________(to study) now?
5. They just__________(to give) you a pay rise?
6. Sophie is busy. She___________(to knit)a sweater for her grandson.
7. You only____________(to have) a piece of cake? You __________(not/to eat) much.
8. People____________(to plant) carrots and tomatoes now.
9. You______________(to go) to plant tomatoes this year?
10. Johnny, who finally______________(to find) a new job, ____________(to give) a big party.
11. How long you ________________(to be) a big party.
12. You_____________(to see) any good movies recently?

Exercise 73.

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Perfect или в Past Simple:

1. Helen speaks French so well because she_____________(to live) in France.
2. She_____________(to live) there last year.
3. The rain____________(to stop) and the sun is shining in the sky again.
4. The rain____________(to stop) half  an hour ago.
5. Mary____________(to buy) a pair of gloves yesterday.
6. I____________(to buy) a new hat.
7. The wind ____________(to blow) off the man`s hat, and he cannot catch it.
8. The weather____________(to change) and we can go for a walk.
9. The wend_____________(to change) in the morning.
10. We______________(to travel) around Europe last year.
11. My father knows so much because he ______________(to travel) a lot.
12. I ___________(to see) Pete today.
13. She ___________(to see) this film last Sunday.
14. Alex___________(to meet) his friend two hours ago.
15. I just ___________(to meet) our teacher.

LESSON 21

The Past Perfect Tense

«+»   подлежащее + had  +  V3(ed)

«-»   подлежащее  + had +  not   +   V3(ed)

«?»  Had + подлежащее  +  V3(ed)?

                                                           when I call him

He had finished his work                by 5 o`clock yesterday

Exercise 74.

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глагол в форме Past Perfect:

Пример:

Why didn`t you listen to that play? (hear)

I didn`t listen to that play, because I had heard it before.

1. Why didn`t Kate want to go to the cinema? (see the film)

__________________________________________________

2. Why did you come home so soon? (spend all money)

__________________________________________________

3. What did you learn about Bob? (marry)

__________________________________________________

4. What did you learn about the expedition? (return)

__________________________________________________

5. Why couldn`t you get into your flat at once? (lose the key)

__________________________________________________

6. What did she learn about Helen from the letter? (be ice for a month)

__________________________________________________

Exercise 75.

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple или в Past Perfect:

1. Tom _________(to return) from  the cinema at five o`clock.
2. Tom__________(to return) from the cinema by five o`clock.
3. I____________(to finish) my homework at seven o`clock.
4. I____________(to finish) my homework by seven o`clock.
5. He ___________(to think) that he (to lose) the money.
6. Ann (to tell) me that she ______________(to see) an interesting film.
7. When I ____________(to come) home, mother already __________(to cook) dinner.
8. When father____________(to return) from work, we already _____________do our homework.
9. When the teacher__________(to enter) the classroom, the pupils  already ____________(to open) their books.
10. Kate ____________(to give) me the book which she __________(to buy) the day before.
11. Nick_____________(to show) the teacher the picture which he _____________(to draw)
12. The boy_____________(to give) the goats the grass which he ____________(to bring) from the field.

Exercise 76.

Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple, Past Continuous  и Past Perfect:

1. By eight yesterday I ______________(to do) my homework and at eight I ____________(to play) the piano.
2. By six o`clock father ______________(to come) home and at six he ____________(to have) dinner.
3. By nine o`clock yesterday grandmother __________ (to wash) the dishes and at nine she_______________(to watch) TV.
4. When I ____________(to meet) Tom, he _____________(to eat) an ice cream which he ____________(to buy) at the corner of the street.
5. When father ___________(to come) home, we_________(to cook) the mushrooms which we_____________(to gather) in the wood.
6. When I __________(to see) Ann, she _____________(to sort) the  flower which she ______________(to pick) in the field.
7. When I ____________(to come) home yesterday, I ____________(to see) that my little brother______________(to break) my pen and _______________(to pay) with its pieces.
8. When I ____________(to open) the door of the classroom, I _______________(to see) that the teacher already ___________ (to come) and the pupils_________(to write) a dictation.
9. When I ____________(to come) home, my sister __________ (to read) a book which she ___________(to bring) from the library.

LESSON 22

The Future Perfect Tense

«+»   подлежащее + will + have  +  V3(ed)

«-»   подлежащее  + will + not + have + V3(ed)

«?»  Have + подлежащее + will +  V3(ed)?

                                                                   when I call him

He will have finished his work                by 5 o`clock

                                                                   yesterday

Exercise 77.

Раскройте скобки, употребив глагол в форме Future Perfect:

1. We____________(finish) all the house work by 6 o`clock this afternoon.
2. I __________(read) this book by tomorrow evening.
3. Thousands of people____________(see) this exhibition by the end of the month.
4. They ____________(build) this house long before the end of October.
5. They____________(do) half of the journey when they reach the Volga.
6. I ____________(write) my composition by the time you come back.
7. I am sure they _____________(complete)  the new road by June.
8. He says that before he leaves he _____________(see) every show  in town.
9. By the time you arrive, I ___________(finish) reading your  book.
10. I ____________(be) in this country two years on next January.
11. A year from now he ______________(take) his medical examination and ________________(begin) to practice.
12. If you don`t make a note  of that appointment, you ______________(forget) it by next week.  

Exercise 78.

Образуйте отрицательную форму, задайте общий вопрос к следующим предложениям:

1. Ann will have done every thing by 5 o`clock.

_______________________________________________

2. They will have graduated the university by next June.

_______________________________________________

3. He will have returned home when you call him.

_______________________________________________

4. The Claptons will have moved to a new flat by January.

_______________________________________________

Exercise 79.

1. I_____________ (to do) my homework tomorrow.
2. I_____________ (to do) my homework at six o`clock tomorrow.
3. I______________( to do) my homework  by six o`clock tomorrow.
4. Tomorrow I____________(to begin) doing my homework as soon as I come from school. I ____________(to do) all my homework by the time he comes, and we___________(to go) for a walk together.
5. When I come home tomorrow, my family __________(to have) supper.
6. When you come to my place tomorrow, I ____________(to read)  your book. I _________________(to do) my homework by the time you come.
7. Don`t  come to my place tomorrow. I _____________(to write) a composition the whole evening.
8. I ______________(not to go) to the cinema tomorrow. I ____________(to watch) TV the whole evening.
9. What you _____________(to do) tomorrow?
10. What you ________(to do) at eight o`clock tomorrow?
11. You ____________(to play) volleyball tomorrow?

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