Методические указания для выполнения контрольных работ по дисциплине «Английский язык» для студентов заочной формы обучения специальности среднего профессионального образования «Монтаж и эксплуатация внутренних сантехнических устройств, кондиционировани

Департамент профессионального образования  Томской области

Областное государственное бюджетное профессиональное образовательное учреждение

« Томский коммунально-строительный техникум»

«Утверждаю»

Зам. директора по УМР

ОГБПОУ « ТКСТ»

__________О.Н. Кудряшова

«___»  ____________20__ г.

Методические указания для выполнения контрольных

работ

по дисциплине «Английский язык»

для студентов заочной формы обучения

специальности среднего профессионального образования

 «Монтаж и эксплуатация внутренних сантехнических устройств, кондиционирования воздуха и вентиляции»

Томск 2015

Составитель:

 Когтева И. В.- преподаватель ОГБПОУ «Томский коммунально-строительный техникум»

Методические указания для выполнения самостоятельных работ

Данные методические указания предназначены для студентов ТК-СТ и содержит теоретическую и практическую части, позволяющие углубить полученные знания по грамматическим правилам. Данное пособие предполагает аудиторные занятия с преподавателем и неаудиторные работы.

Задача данных методических указаний – помочь учащимся овладеть как навыками перевода, так и навыками письменной речи.

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ

Введение_________________________________________________________________4

Вариант I________________________________________________________________ 5

Вариант II________________________________________________________________6

Вариант III_______________________________________________________________7

Вариант IV_______________________________________________________________8

Вариант V_______________________________________________________________10

Вариант VI______________________________________________________________ 11

Вариант VII_____________________________________________________________ 12

Вариант VIII_____________________________________________________________14

Вариант IX______________________________________________________________ 15

Вариант X_______________________________________________________________17

Список литературы______________________________________________________ 19

Введение

Настоящие контрольные работы, созданные на базе действующей программы, позволят проверить Ваши знания лексики и грамматики и умение извлекать информацию из текстов.

Все варианты контрольных заданий строятся по следующей схеме:

1. Тест на практическую проверку языковых навыков.

2. Текст, предлагаемый для перевода в письменной форме.

Все представленные тексты – общетехнического плана. Направления - сварка, материаловедение, экономика и менеджмент, экология.

Прежде чем приступить к выполнению контрольных заданий, обратите особое внимание на предварительную проработку грамматики и лексического материала.

Порядок выполнения контрольных заданий

1. Все контрольные задания следует выполнять в отдельной тетради или на листах формата А4. На титульном листе укажите специальность, номер группы, фамилию, имя и отчество, номер варианта.

2. Задания следует выполнять четким почерком или в напечатанном виде с соблюдением полей, оставленных для комментария и методических указаний преподавателя.

3. Строго соблюдайте последовательность выполнения заданий.

4. Полученная от преподавателя проверенная контрольная работа с

замечаниями и методическими указаниями должна быть переработана (только та часть, где содержатся ошибки или неточности перевода) на отдельном листке, который затем прилагается к контрольной работе.

Контрольная работа, выполненная не полностью или не отвечающая предъявляемым к ней вышеперечисленным требованиям, возвращается без проверки и не засчитывается.

Номер варианта определяется методом жеребьевки.

При подготовке к контрольной работе рекомендуется использовать следующие учебные пособия:

1.  Полякова, Е.В. Английский язык для инженеров/ Е.В. Полякова, Т.Д. Шлях - М.: Высшая школа, 2006. – 110с.

2. Англо-русский политехнический словарь/ авт.-сост. и отв. ред. А.Е. Чернухин. - Москва: Изд-во Русский язык, 2008.-653с.

Вариант I

The Sputnik Travel Agency

 The Sputnik Travel Agency was founded in 1958 and it sponsors youth and student tours of Russia. The agency cooperates with more than 550 youth, student, trade union and travel organizations in 66 countries. Besides, it is active in the International Bureau for Youth, Travel and Exchange of the World Federation or Democratic Youth.

 Every year about 400.000 Russian and foreign travelers are bound to enjoy themselves thoroughly if they decide to spend their vocations at the one of the 24 tourist centers and hotels run by Sputnik, including 11 international ones. By the year 2010 Sputnik intends to build new youth centers, camps and tourist hotels with accommodations for 15.000.

 Russian boys and girls can travel abroad on chartered trains, airlines or sea cruisers, and youth groups from other countries arrive in Russia in similar ways.

 Sputnik also arranges exchanges of youth groups between sister cities and border areas and promotes other ways of acquainting young Russian people with the life of their peers abroad.

 The price of each voucher depends on the route, length of stay and the country. The vouchers available to young Russian tourists are sold at a discount of up to 50-70 percent.

1. Перепишите следующие предложения. Определите по грамматическим признакам, какой частью речи являются слова, оформленные окончанием -s и какую функцию это окончание выполняет, т.е. служит ли оно:

 а) показателем 3-го лица единственного числа глагола в Present Indefinite;

 б) признаком множественного числа имени существительного;

 в) показателем притяжательного падежа имени существительного.

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

 1. The price of each voucher depends on the route, length of stay and the country.

 2. The tourist's luggage is already here.

 3. The vouchers available to young Russian tourists are sold at a discount of up to 50-70 percent.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их, обращая внимание на особенности перевода на русский язык определений, выраженных именем существительным.

 1. Sputnik also arranges exchanges of youth groups between sister cities.

 2. The Sputnik Travel Agency was founded in 1958.

 3. What means of city transport do you know?

3. Перепишите следующие предложения, содержащие разные формы сравнения, и переведите их на русский язык.

 1. The more you stay in a foreign country, the higher is the price of the

voucher.

 2. This hotel is one of the most expensive in the city.

 3. France is bigger than Britain.

4. Перепишите и письменно переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений.

 1. Some people prefer to spend holidays at home.

 2. I have no idea.

 3. People travel at any time of a year.

5. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в них видовременные формы глаголов и укажите их инфинитив; переведите предложения на русский язык.

 1. By year 2010 Sputnik will build new youth centres, camps and tourist hotels with accommodation for 20.000.

 2. Every year about 400.000 Russian and foreign tourists travel on

Sputnik sponsored tours.

 3. The agency cooperated with 200 travel organizations in foreign

countries 10 years ago.

6. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

7. Прочитайте 1-й абзац и вопрос к нему. Какой из вариантов ответа соответствует по содержанию одному из предложений текста?

For whom was the Sputnik Travel Agency created?

 1 for foreign travelers.

 2 for rich people who are fond of traveling.

 3 for young Russian people.

           Вариант II

Moscow

Moscow is the capital of Russia. Moscow was first mentioned in a chronicle in 1147. Its places of interest include numerous monuments of ancient Russian architecture such as the Pokrovsky (Intercession) Cathedral (16-th century), the Novodevichy Convent (early 16-th century) etc.

There are 66 museums in Moscow, among them the Tretyakov Art Gallery, the A. S. Pushkin Fine Arts Museum.

The Kremlin is the central and most ancient part of Moscow, and one of the most beautiful architectural ensembles in the world. The first wooden Kremlin, fortified by a rampart was built in 1156 on Borovitsky hill. The walls and towers of white stone were erected in 1367. The brick walls and towers were erected in 1485-95. The towers acquired their current circular shape and tent-like tops in the 17-th century.

Remarkable relics of casting art, the Tsar-cannon (16-th century) and the Tsar-bell (18-th century), are also exhibited in the Kremlin. Permanent exhibitions of the Russian Diamond Foundation, the Armory and other museums are open to the public in the Kremlin as well. The Kremlin is the residence of the President of Russia.

One should agree that Red Square is the most beautiful square in Moscow. It was formed at the end of the 15-th century. On the west side it is enclosed by the Kremlin wall, previously separated by a moat. St. Basil's Cathedral, a masterpiece of Russian architecture, was erected on the south end of the square in 1555-60 in commemoration of the conquest of the Kazan and Astrakhan Khanates. The composition of the square was altered after the fire of 1812: the moat was filled and the merchant rows rebuilt. The monument to the legendary defenders of Russia, Minin and Pozharsky, was completed in 1818. Lenin's mausoleum was constructed in 1924-30. One has to know that Stalin, Brezhnev, Andropov and other Soviet leaders are buried here near the Kremlin wall. During the Soviet period holiday demonstrations were held on Red Square. It is Red Square which is the zero point of all highways leaving Moscow.

In Moscow, Intour Trans offers its guests a vast programme which includes general and specific city tours, an excursion to the Moscow Metro famous for its beauty and stylish design of its stations, visits to museums, concert halls and restaurants boasting of national cuisine.

1. Перепишите следующие предложения, определите в каждом из них видовременную форму и залог глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Moscow was first mentioned in a chronicle in 1147.

2. The towers acquired their current circular shape and tent like tops in the 17-th century.

3. Today Moscow is being visited by thousands of tourists.

4. The Voskresenskye gates (1680) and the chapel with the Holy Virgin of Iver icon (1791) which are .considered sacred by Muscovites were also reconstructed.

2. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения слов it, that, one.

1. One must observe traffic rules.

2. It is proved that Moscow is one of the most beautiful cities all over the world.

3. This metro station was opened last year, and that one will be put into operation in two years.

3. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные значения глаголов to be, to have, to do.

1. You have to visit the cities of the Golden Ring of Russia.

2. Scientists had to create new materials for industry.

3. The train was to start in the morning.

4. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык.

1.  The new tours worked out by Intour Trans are very interesting.

2. We know Intour Luxe organizes different tours.

3. We expect Sputnik tours to be rather fascinating.

5. Перепишите следующие предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.

1.  It is necessary for a guide to know foreign languages.

2. Our idea was to organize different tours of the Golden Ring of Russia.

3.  To broaden the outlook one must visit many countries.

6. Перепишите и письменно переведите текст.

Вариант III

TRIP

Last Wednesday I went down to Southampton Docks to see my partner off to New-York on one of our largest liners. What colossal ships these cruisers are when you see them from the landing-stage along the quay. I had a pass, so I went on board and I had a look round. From the top deck I could see the huge cranes lifting cargo and depositing it in the holds. I saw members of the crew carrying out their duties in various parts of the ship while the captain watched the operations and gave his orders from the bridge. Then the siren sounded and the visitors made for the gangways. Finally the ship began to move off, and the passengers, leaning over the rails, waved good-bye to their friends standing below amongst the crowd. Slowly she left the harbour, passing beyond the pier, and gradually disappeared in the distance.

A few days later I myself had to go to Paris. The journey was urgent and I went by air. A special bus provided by the company took us to the airport. On the airfield we saw a large plane waiting for us. We climbed into it, and at exactly twelve o'clock it took off. Very soon our "magic carpet" reached the sea, and shortly afterwards we saw the French coasts. It wasn't long before we arrived at our destination. Our pilot made a perfect landing and we got out of the plane.

1.        Перепишите  следующие  предложения;  подчеркните  в каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видовременную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе (б) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций.

а)        1. Members of the crew were carrying out their duties.

2. The siren has already sounded.

б)        1. The cargo was lifted by the huge cranes and deposited in the holds.

2. The luggage has been taken to the railway station.

2. Перепишите предложения; подчеркните Participle 1 и Participle 2 и установите функции каждого из них, т.е. укажите, является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The passengers waved good-bye to their friends standing below amongst the crowd.

2. Slowly the ship left the harbour, passing out the pier.

3. A special bus provided by the company took us to the airport.

4. This apparatus when used produces a lot of noise.

3. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. From the top deck I could see huge cranes.

2. A few days later I had to go to Paris.

3. It may be done tomorrow.

4. A special bus must be provided by the company.

4. Перепишите и переведите текст.

5. Прочитайте 1-й  абзац текста  и  вопрос  к  нему.  Из
приведенных ниже вариантов ответа укажите номер предложения содержащего правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос:

Why did the author of the story go to Southampton Docks?

1.        because he was leaving for New York.

2.        because he wanted to see his partner off.

3.        because he was a member of the crew.

 Вариант IV

Dubai

Dubai is the centre for business and tourism in the Middle East. A city of more than half a million inhabitants, it is the second largest of the seven emirates which make up the United Arab Emirates.

Dubai offers the visitor a fascinating kaleidoscope of contrasts - a distinctive blend of modern city and timeless desert, east and west, old and new. An exotic destination with a cosmopolitan lifestyle, Dubai combines the comfort and convenience of the western world with the unique charm and hospitality of Arabia.

Families are not forgotten. The city has many parks and playgrounds to keep the youngsters amused. And at the end of the day, Dubai's restaurants and nightspots offer a wide choice of international cuisine and entertainment.

Dubai's culture is firmly rooted in the Islamic tradition of Arabia. Courtesy and hospitality are among the most highly prized of virtues.

Dubai society is marked by a high degree of tolerance for different lifestyles. Foreigners are free to practice their own religion, the dress code is liberal.

Despite rapid economic development in recent years, Dubai remains close to its heritage. Arab culture and folklore find expression in poetry, dancing, songs and traditional art.

Except for a brief period during summer, Dubai's temperature and humidity are comfortable, and the city and surrounding areas offer a wealth of interest for sightseers and photographers. A wide range of tours and excursions are available.

All Dubai's hotels are designed to satisfy the needs of holiday makers and business visitors equally. High standards are expected and maintained.

They are therefore exceptionally well endowed with a wide range of imaginative restaurants, bars and other outlets.

One of Dubai's greatest attractions for visitors is its superb shopping. Modern shopping malls are conveniently located throughout the city.

 Dubai is the undisputed "sports capital of the Middle East". Visitors to Dubai can enjoy a wide variety of land and water sports that include golf, bowling, ice-skating, horse riding and racing, sailing, water-skiing, deep sea fishing and windsurfing. Facilities are excellent, the weather is fine almost all year round and equipment can be hired at reasonable rates.

In addition, all major hotels have well-equipped sports clubs, tennis courts, squash and badminton facilities, swimming pools, table-tennis and fully equipped gymnasia as part of their accommodation package.

So go ahead and enjoy your stay in Dubai. A warm welcome waits for you.

1. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Помните, что объектный и субъектный инфинитивные обороты соответствуют придаточным предложениям.

1. We know Dubai to be the leading centre for business and tourism in the Middle East.

2. The four pressmen could be seen to clasp their notebook.

3. To an ordinary visitor Dubai seems to be a shopper's paradise.

2. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод зависимого и независимого (самостоятельного) причастных оборотов.

1. Countries wishing to cooperate with our republic will always find the necessary understanding.

2. Having visited the USA the participants of the conference went to Russia.

3. Weather permitting, the tourists visit Dubai's places of interest.

3. Перепишите и письменно переведите на русский язык следующие сложные предложения. Обратите внимание на перевод условных предложений.

1. It would be impossible to install the equipment without his help.

2. If all the documents had been in order the parties could have signed the contract yesterday.

            3. Nothing would have happened if the workers had followed the instructions.

4. Перепишите и переведите текст.

Вариант V

Economics and the Economy

Every group of people must solve three basic problems of daily living: what goods and services to produce, how to produce these goods and services, and for whom to produce these goods and services.

Economics is the study of how society decides what, how, and whom to produce for.

By goods we mean physical commodities such as steel, cars, and strawberries. By services we mean activities such as massages or live theatre performances which can be consumed or enjoyed only at the instant they are produced. In exceptional circumstances, society may find that some of the questions about what, how, and for whom to produce have already been answered; until the arrival of Man Friday, Robinson Crusoe need not worry about the "for whom" question. In general, however, society must answer all three questions.

By emphasizing the role of society or definition places economics within the social study and explain human behaviour. The subject matters of economics is that part of human behaviour which relates to the production, exchange, and use of goods and services. The central economic problem for society is how to reconcile the conflict between people's virtually limitless desires for goods and services, and the scarcity of resources (labour, machinery, and raw materials) with which these goods and services can be produced. In answering the questions what, how, and for whom to produce, economics explains how scarce resources are allocated between competing claims on their use.

Because economics is about human behaviour, you may be surprised that we describe it as a science rather than a subject within the arts or humanities. This reflects the way economics analyses problems, not the subject matter of economics. Economists aim to develop theories of human behaviour and to test them against the facts. Economists discuss the tools economists use and explain the sense in which this approach is scientific. This does not mean that economics ignores people as individuals. Moreover, good economics retains an element of art, for it is only by having a feel for how people actually behave that economists can focus their analysis on the right issues. Before examining the tools of the trade, it is helpful to have a clear understanding of the problems in which economists are interested.

1. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на различные значения глаголов should, would.

1. You should have thought of it before.

2. The economist should know both the advantages and the disadvantages of nationalization.

3. It would be very convenient for me if we could put off our appointment till next Thursday.

2. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, принимая во внимание, что инфинитивные и причастные обороты соответствуют придаточным предложениям.

1. The method used depends on the economist.

2. Trying to understand what economics is about by studying definitions is
like trying to learn to swim by reading an instruction manual.

3. Economics is known to be the study of how society decides what, how and for whom to produce.

3. Перепишите предложения и переведите их на русский язык, обращая внимание на различные значения подчеркнутых слов.

1. As far as my future speciality I'll be an economist.

2. Moscow was never planned; it grew up around its centre as well as London.

3. Because of the mistake made by our agent the company will deliver goods later.

4. Перепишите и переведите текст.

Вариант VI

            NEW ZEALAND

The country’s name “Zealand” takes its origin from a part of the Netherlands (the first white man to see this country was a Dutchman) which is called Zeeland and means “sea-land”. New Zealand comprises three islands. The land’s mass is longer than the British Isles but rather narrow – no part of it is wider than 280 miles. Almostone-quarter of the country is covered with forest.

The capital city is Wellington. A large proportion of its population work for the country’s Government. The largest city of New Zealand is Auckland with a great number of travellers, arriving, departing or passing through it. It is the leading commercial and industrial city and the biggest seaport, handling the largest tonnage of all the country’s ports.

The mineral resources of the country are not sufficient for heavy industry, the development of which greatly depends on import of raw materials: iron, steel, aluminium. About 40 per cent of all products available in New Zealand are imported from other countries.

Nevertheless, the country has established foundries (литейный завод) and machine-building enterprises. It is building locomotives and small ships, assembling motor cars and machines. Output of electrical goods has greatly increased since World War II. There has been an increase in other goods as well: the manufacture of textile, leather and rubber (tires, tubes and so on) products.

The primary industries are fishing and forestry. New Zealand is one of the world’s greatest exporters of diary products and the third largest producer of raw wool. Factories are much smaller than those in Britain but techniques are similar.

Improvement in national economy is associated with research which is carried out by various Government Departments, research associations, universities, agricultural colleges. They study the geological and geophysical structure of the country, its minerals, soil and vegetation resources. Every three years a New Zealand Science Congress is held. Its aim is to enable scientists of different fields to exchange opinions and to show the progress of science in New Zealand. Here are some topics of discussion: weather, cosmic rays, radioactive isotopes, science and education, Antarctic research, resources of the ocean, exploitation of mineral resources.

1. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значение слова there.

1. Only some years ago there was no a solution to this problem.

2. Our library is very large but there are no physics journals there.

2. Запишите и переведите предложения. Объясните, на что указывает в слове house окончание-s,как с апострофом (’), так и без него:

а) глагол-сказуемое в Present Simple в 3-м лице единственного числа;

б) множественное число имени существительного;

в) притяжательный падеж имени существительного

1. Practically every modern town has many nineand twelve-storeyhouses.

2. This ancient building houses several shops and a restaurant.

3. The house’s roof is slanting in two directions because there is much rain in the region.

3. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода имени существительного с левым определением.

1. The wheel invention was one of the greatest inventions of mankind.

2. In this city the automobile traffic speed is very high.

3. All workers will take part in the discussion of our plant’s new production plan.

4. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательного и наречия.

1. The more powerful the rays, the more damage they can do to living organisms.

2. The greatest advantage of this transport system is that it is much cheaper than the railway.

3. The most difficult thing in their experiment was to keep the temperature constant.

5. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значение неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений.

1. Any of scientists can take part in this important experiment.

2. Only some years ago there were no high buildings in the city’s center.

3. These electric devices are very efficient but they have some drawbacks.

6. Запишите предложения. Выпишите из них сказуемые, определите их видо-временные формы и укажите их инфинитив. Переведите предложения.

1. The Great Fire of London destroyed 3.000 houses and more than 90 churches.

2. The designers will try to do the research work in a very short period of time.

3. The invention of a steam engine has lead the mankind to a new industrial epoch.

7. Прочитайте6-йабзац и вопрос: What do Government Departments, research associations and universities study? Выберите вариант ответа, соответствующий содержанию текста. Запишите и переведите вопрос и ответ.

1. They study the topics which are discussed at a New Zealand Science Congress.

2. They study the country’s geological problems and natural resources.

3. They study geological problems and natural resources of the world.

                                                        Вариант VII

CANADA

The land of Canada lies between the two oceans: the Atlantic and the Pacific. With the total area (land and fresh water) of 3.851.809 square miles, it is the largest country in the Western hemisphere. The country has two official languages: French and English.

Canada is a country with a well-developed educational system. There are about 300 institutions which provide courses of university standard. All the provinces have their own universities giving courses in science, engineering, medicine and so on. In 1882 the Royal Society of Canada was established. The Society consists of members belonging to the five sections: humanities and social sciences in French; humanities and social sciences in English; chemical, mathematical and physical sciences; geological sciences; biological sciences. The Society’s aim is to coordinate and stimulate Canada’s intellectual life and to assist the development of national economy.

Canada is the fourth largest trading nation in the world. It is world known as a forest country because they cover more than half the land area of the provinces and extend to the Arctic Circle. About 17 per cent of production of all the primary industries – forestry, pulp-and-paper, mining, agriculture, fisheries – comes from the forests. The forests are the source of almost a third of all Canadian export, and of this third pulp-and-paper accounts for about 70 per cent.

Deep within the ancient rocks there are rich resources of iron, gold, silver, nickel, copper, platinum, cobalt and uranium. In the south of Quebec Province, the biggest of Canada’s ten provinces, there are the largest resources of asbestos in the world. As a result, asbestos industry became a many-dollar-a-year industry in Canada. Another province – Alberta – has tremendous oil fields and vast resources of natural gas and coal. Edmonton, its capital, is the oil centre of Canada.

The capital of Canada is Ottawa which is encircled and crossed by three rivers and a canal. It is a city where government and commerce intermingle. But the largest city is Montreal, which is built around a mountain on a green island. Although Montreal is situated 1,000 miles from the ocean, it is a seaport, one of Canada’s most important.

1. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значение слова there.

1. There is no atmosphere on the Moon and because of this there is no life there.
2. There will be a number of tables, schemes and diagrams in this article.

2. Запишите и переведите предложения. Объясните, на что указывает в слове wheel окончание-s,как с апострофом (’), так и без него:

а) глагол-сказуемое в Present Simple в3-млице единственного числа;

б) множественное число имени существительного;

в) притяжательный падеж имени существительного, стоящего в единственном или во множественном числе.

1. There was something wrong with the front wheels of the car.
2. They used a very strong metal for the wheels’ spokes.
3. The boy wheels his bicycle into the yard in early spring.

3. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода имени существительного с левым определением.

1. Heavy automobile traffic ruined the road surface many years ago.

2. A new research program required carrying out numerous experiments.

3. The local government promises to begin the railway bridge construction next year.

4. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательного и наречия.

1. Rational use of natural resources is the most vital problem of the country’s national economy.

2. The heavier the bodies, the stronger will be the force of gravity between them.

3. The old microscope was more valuable for our research than the new one.

5. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значение неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений.

1. Nobody knows anything about this problem.

2. Will you carry out any experiment in our research laboratory this year?

3. We invited some skilful workers for the construction of the sporting complex.

6. Запишите предложения. Выпишите из них сказуемые, определите их видо-временные формы и укажите их инфинитив. Переведите предложения.

1. At the meeting they are discussing the advantages and disadvantages of a new processor.

2. The more automation develops, the more important is the role of the machines.

3. Radar devices will find still wider application in airplane and ship navigation.

7. Перепишите и переведите текст.

8. Прочитайте 4-ый абзац текста и ответьте на вопрос:

Why does asbestos industry belong to the group of the most highly developed industries of Canada?

Запишите и переведите вопрос и ответ.

Вариант VIII

GREAT BRITAIN

The United Kingdom or Great Britain consists of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. It is a highly developed industrial country. There is no other country in the world with such a small proportion of the population working in agriculture. The pattern of industry organization is varied. There are both very small workshops and huge organizations with a large number of workers.

Great Britain is not very rich in natural resources: most of the resources and raw materials for its industries are imported.

The capital of the country, London, is one of the most important financial centers and the largest ports in the world. It is also the center of light and food industries, of the production of precision instruments, furniture and many other goods.

Northern and Western England is the land of coal, metal and textile. The oldest centers of English iron and steel industry are Birmingham and Sheffield. Iron smelting is based on local ore deposits and has been practiced here since ancient times. In the period of industrialization these towns played the leading role in the creation of the country’s heavy industry.

The most important of the British extractive industries is coalmining. Among the other highly developed industries there are ship-building and motor industries, the production of iron and steel. All of them play an important role in the world trade. Great Britain is one of the world’s largest producers and exporters of machinery, electronics, electrical and navigation equipment, textile, aircraft, motor vehicles, chemicals.

Training of specialists is provided by different educational establishments. Recently there has been a considerable expansion of scientific and technological training within the universities. Most of them have faculties providing courses for studying chemistry, aeronautics, production engineering (организация производственных процессов). All universities and colleges have laboratories and research departments and are closely associated with local industries. Great role in stimulating research work belongs to the Royal Society which was established in 1660. The Society’s activity includes organization of scientific conferences, publication of research work, delivery of lectures, presentation of medals.

1. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значение слова there.

1. In Moscow there are many places of interest, that is why a lot of tourists come there every year.

2. In a month there will be an international conference on the problems of ecology.

2. Запишите и переведите предложения. Объясните, на что указывает в слове pilot окончание-s,как с апострофом (’), так и без него:

а) глагол-сказуемое в Present Simple в3-млице единственного числа;

б) множественное число имени существительного;

в) притяжательный падеж имени существительного, стоящего в единственном или во множественном числе.

1.  In the pilot’s cabin of a new airplane there is a lot of up-to-date devices.

2. The boy has dreamed to fly from his early childhood and now he pilots airplanes.

3. Many cosmonauts began their career as pilots of supersonic planes.

3. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода имени существительного с левым определением.

1. Modern house construction needs strong materials and skillful labor force.

2. The transport system improvement is necessary for every large city.

3. A high speed electronic machine has greatly changed the methods of their mathematical calculations.

4. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательного и наречия.

1. The lowest temperature on the Pluto (Плутон) is below 200 degrees.

2. Radio devices are the most effective instruments for studying the outer space.

3. The higher the frequency of an electromagnetic wave, the more energy it must possess.

5. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значение неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений.

1. We needed some 20 minutes to check and adjust the measuring instrument.

2. Anybody can explain you the operational principles of that apparatus.

3. Any skilled operator can easily start and stop the engine.

6. Запишите предложения. Выпишите из них сказуемые, определите их видо-временные формы и укажите их инфинитив. Переведите предложения.

1. Our researchers have developed a new non-metallic, synthetic material.

2. No asphalt roads existed in this country until 1790s.

3. Astrophysicist M. Bobrov was studying the Saturn for more than 50 years.

7. Перепишите и переведите текст.

Вариант IX

AUSTRALIA

Australia is an island country which consists of six states: New South Wales, Victoria, Queensland and others. The country’s total area is equal to that of Europe. It is the country with great differences in climate which varies from the tropical to the cool and temperate. All the main towns have river and mountain areas, as well as the seaside within easy reach.

Because of frequent droughts Australia suffers with a shortage of water. That is why it is important for the country to conserve existing water supplies. Shortage of water resulted in one of the world’s largest projects, the Snow Mountains scheme. The aim of the project is to provide water to irrigate the plains and rivers’ valleys and to supply New South Wales and Victoria with electrical power.

The capital of Australia is Canberra. It is a garden city with millions of trees along its streets. The largest city is Sydney, the country’s main port. Its function is to provide the transport, commercial, financial and other services for the most efficient development of a huge area.

Much attention is paid to the development of education and science. State Universities usually consist of professional schools which provide courses in medicine, physical and social sciences. Australian universities regard research work as important as teaching. One of the country’s leading research organizations is the Scientific and Industrial Research Center established in 1926. It is carrying out important programs in various fields: meteorology, industrial chemistry, radio-engineering, metallurgy, atomic industry and others.

Australia is a highly developed industrial country. Its territory is rich in iron ore, zinc, copper, manganese, gold and silver, nickel and uranium, coal and natural gas and many others. The main industrial districts are along the eastern, south-eastern and south-western coasts. Australia has made great progress in chemistry, machine-building (manufacture of locomotives, agricultural machinery, etc.) and electronics. Agricultural products such as wool, wheat, cheese and sugar are among the chief Australia’s export goods. Among the main trading partners of the country there is Great Britain, Japan, the USA, Germany and New Zealand.

1. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значение слова there.

1. In this book there will be much information useful for our research work.

2. Many scientists think that there is no life on Mars because there is no water there.

2. Запишите и переведите предложения. Объясните, на что указывает в слове cover окончание–s,как с апострофом (’), так и без него:

а) глагол-сказуемоев Present Simple в3-млице единственного числа;

б) множественное число имени существительного;

в) притяжательный падеж имени существительного, стоящего в единственном или во множественном числе.

1. Forest area covers about half the territory of this country.

2. Electricians use different kinds of plastic materials as covers for electric wires.

3. The cover’s paper of this old book became yellow and torn, you must renew it.

3. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода имени существительного с левым определением.

1. This University offers a wide variety of higher education programs.

2. We know that the steam engine invention was made in 1763.

3. They plan to erect a 400-meterhigh television tower in the city’s center.

4. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательного и наречия.

1. The more scientists work in studying the problem, the more reliable are the research results.

2. In gases the molecules have a greater freedom of movement than in liquids.

3. At present natural steam is one of the cheapest sources for power generation.

5. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значение неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений.

1. According to Albert Einstein nothing can move faster than light.

2. Any industry needs modern machinery to improve its production.

3. Some 250 scientists from more than 40 countries gathered for this international conference.

6. Запишите предложения. Выпишите из них сказуемые, определите ихвидо-временные формы и укажите их инфинитив. Переведите предложения.

1. We have applied the latest devices and instruments for our experiments.

2.  The Earth’s atmosphere takes a large proportion of the solar radiation.

3. The nearer the spaceship is approaching the Earth, the denser is becoming the atmosphere.

7. Перепишите и переведите текст.

8. Прочитайте 4-й абзац текста и выберите из предложенных предложений вариант, соответствующий его содержанию. Запишите и переведите его.

1. Australian authorities pay equal attention to education and to research work.

2. Australian authorities pay less attention to education than to research work.

3. Australian authorities pay more attention to education than to research work.

Вариант X

THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

The USA is a belt country about 1,400 miles wide extending across the North American continent from the Atlantic to the Pacific ocean. Its area is much larger than that of Europe. The main land mass of the country is in temperate zone. The climate conditions are under the influence of the great mountains and the winds. That is why the USA is simultaneously one of the hottest and one of the coldest, one of the wettest and one of the driest countries in the world.

The USA is largely an urban state. After the 1930s there was a steady decline in the number of people living on farms. Large-scale migration of population from the rural to urban areas has been one of the major population movements of the 20th century. The capital of the country is Washington, situated on the Potomac River in the District of Columbia, but there many towns, larger in size than the capital: New York, Chicago, Philadelphia, Detroit, Los Angeles.

One of the main reasons of the USA’s industrialization and a high level of its economic development is the abundance of natural resources.The country is rich in iron ore, non-ferrousmetals, coal, natural gas and other resources.

It is one of the world’s greatest manufacturers of power, coal and oil, motor vehicles and aircraft and some other products. Besides machinery, automobiles and other industrial goods, the USA exports agricultural products, especially cotton, wheat, maize.

Training qualified personnel for national economy is done by different higher schools. There is no national system of higher education in the United States. Its separate institutions range from two-yearcolleges to complex universities, from technical institutes to classical liberal arts (гуманитарный) colleges. The institutions may be small or large, rural or urban, private or public, highly selective or open to all. They offer courses in all fields and areas of national economy. Another function of universities is to organize awide-scaleresearch. There are even special research institutes within some of the universities. One of the main scientific centers is the National Academy of Sciences which is doing research in eleven areas: mathematics, astronomy, physics, chemistry, geology and others.

I. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значение слова there.

1. In this article there were some surprising facts on the nature of magnetism.

2. Siberia is a highly developed industrial region because there are many natural resources there.

II. Запишите и переведите предложения. Объясните, на что указывает в слове plan окончание-s,как с апострофом (’), так и без него:

а) глагол-сказуемое в Present Simple в3-млице единственного числа;

б) множественное число имени существительного;

в) притяжательный падеж имени существительного, стоящего в bединственном или во множественном числе.

1. You can get the plans’ details in the library of your Institute.

2. The chemical laboratory plans to expand its activity considerably.

3. At the next meeting we will discuss the laboratory’s plans to acquire new equipment.

III. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на особенности перевода имени существительного с левым определением.

1. The device installation will take our specialists several days.

2. The manager’s five-month business tour has come to an end.

3. Electric locomotive research institute will be working at a new program for three years.

IV. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на степени сравнения прилагательного и наречия.

1. A wider applications of computers makes our labour easier and more efficient.

2. The colder the atmosphere, the louder are the echoes.

3. This book on physics gives the most detailed explanation of different laws.

V. Запишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значение неопределенных и отрицательных местоимений.

1. Will anybody analyze these data in your scientific laboratory?

2. Any body that is in motion usually travels to some object in space.

3. These researchers are doing some important work at our plant.

VI. Запишите предложения. Выпишите из них сказуемые, определите их видо-временные формы и укажите их инфинитив. Переведите предложения.

1. The managers and engineers of the plant will look for a new technology to improve the production process.

2. We know that George Stephenson designed a locomotive in 1829.

3. Any researcher applies some safety measures in his experimental work.

7. Перепишите и переведите текст.

8. Прочитайте1-йабзац текста и ответьте на вопрос:

Why is there a wide variety of climates in the USA?

Запишите и переведите вопрос и ответ.

3. УСЛОВИЯ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ПРОГРАММЫ ДИСЦИПЛИНЫ

3.1. Требования к минимальному материально-техническому обеспечению

Реализация программы дисциплины требует наличия учебного кабинета английского языка.

Оборудование учебного кабинета: учебная доска, преподавательский стол, учебные парты.

Технические средства обучения: магнитофон.

3.2. Информационное обеспечение обучения.  Перечень рекомендуемых учебных изданий, Интернет-ресурсов, дополнительной литературы.

Основные источники:

1.  Агабекян И. П. Английский язык – Ростов н/Д, «Феникс», 2011.

Дополнительные источники:

1. Агабекян И. П., Коваленко П. И. Английский для студентов машиностроительных специальностей – М., Астрель, 2002.
2. Богацкий И.С., Дюканова Н.М. Бизнес-курс английского языка – Киев, «Логос», 2001.
3. Любимцева С. Н., Тарковская Б. М., Памухина Л. Г. Деловой английский для начинающих – М., «Вече», 2004.
4. Парахина А. В., Тылкина С.А. Учебник английского языка для техникумов – М., «Высшая школа», 1987.

Интернет-ресурсы (И-Р)