Методические рекомендации к проведению практических занятий c целью усвоения лексического материала. (Учебник И.П. Агабекяна «Английский для экономистов», «Enjoy English» М.З Биболетова.)

Министерство образования Российской Федерации

Брянский государственный университет

Имени академика И.Г. Петровского

Кафедра общепрофессиональных, социально-

экономических и гуманитарных дисциплин

Шмухлярова И.А.

Английский язык для……..

Часть 1

Методические рекомендации

к проведению практических занятий.

Настоящее пособие предназначено для студентов факультета………..

Разработка курса практических занятий предназначено для активизации употребления лексики по основным обязательным вузовским темам , как: About myself, Student’s working day, My University, My future profession, цикла страноведческих тем – Great Britain, USA, Russian Federation, Moscow.Повторение курса грамматики , в соответствии с требованиями программы, ориентировано на интенсивное употребление грамматики по обязательным разделам в устной и письменной речи.

                                                    Система занятий каждой части выстраивается следующим образом:

- семинарская; практическая  или лабораторная работа, самостоятельная работа., контрольная работа в виде  теста, письменного или устного опроса, контроля монологического или диалогического высказывания.

Контроль умений и навыков студентов также следует осуществлять с помощью написания рефератов, сочинений и  эссе.

Практическое занятие №1

Let me introduce myself.

1 Введение лексики по теме « Позвольте представиться».

2 Развитие навыка просмотрового чтения.

3 Проверка понимания текста возможна в виде ответов на вопросы, выполнения лексических упражнений.

Основная литература:

1 Английский для экономистов. И.П. Агабекян. Ростов н/д,2005 г.стр. 24.

2 « Enjoy English» М.З Биболетова. Обнинск. «Титул» 2004г.стр. 4

Exercise 1 Study the vocabulary. Page  24-24.

Exercise 2. Read the text page 23-24 and answer the questions.

1 Is this text about a girl or a boy?

2 Where was she born?

3 Who is she and what is she?

4 How can you describe her?

5 What’s her hobby?

6 How many people are there in her family?

7 What are her parents?

8 What kind of pupil was she?

9 What are her plans for future?

Exercise 3.  Answer the questions about yourself.

Page 25 , 1.1.

Exercise 4. Make up a dialogue.

1 Could you tell me ,What is your name?- Yes, with pleasure. My name is…

2 I’d like to know , how old are you? – I am…. .

3 Where are you from? – I am from…

4 What is your character? – I am…

5 How are you? – I am…

6 What is your hobby?- I am…

7 What is your favourite place? – My favourite place is…  

8 What season is it now?- It’s…..

9 How is the weather today?- It is….

10 What day/ date is it today?- It is …

Where we/you are? – I am/ we are… .

Exercise 5.Translate the phrases:

-быть рождённым;

- описывать внешность;

-любить слушать;

- математик по образованию;

- позвольте представить;

- использовать шанс;

- закончить школу;

- хорошо успевать по предметам;

- любимые предметы;

- хотеть стать;

Домашнее задание:

1 Study the vocabulary. Page 25.

2 Write the words in the dictionary..

 sociable, independent, talkative, responsible, intelligent, creative, shy, rude, loving, curious, funny, naughty, athletic, non-athletic, cruel, friendly.

Traditional, conservative, close, warm, caring, hospitable, international, getting alog well, doing things together.

3 Write the story about your character and  your appearance.

Практическое занятие №2

Appearance and character.

1 Активизация лексики по теме « Позвольте представиться», « Внешность» и « Характер» обеспечивается путём составления диалогов, ролевой игры « Интервью со знаменитостью».

Основная литература

1 Английский для экономистов. И.П. Агабекян. Ростов н/д,2005 г.стр. 38,47,48,52.

Exercise№1  page.26 –работа в парах.

For example: Do you have a family?

                      Are you married? ( Are you single?)

                      Do you live together with your family?

                      Where do you live? ( address, house, flat)

                       How many rooms are there in your….?

                       Do you have any duties about the house?

                       Do you have a lot of friends?

                       What’s your favourite ( food, actor, book, book)?

Exercise№2 Фонетическое чтение слов.( Внешность и характер).

Exercise№ 3 –Describe , please any student in your group! Use the active vocabulary.

Exercise№4 Role-play! “ Interview the film-star about her family”

You may use the questions Exercise 1.1 page 25.

Exercise№5 Make the summery of the text. “ Let me introduce myself! .23-24

Exercise№6 Tell the story about you and your life according to the plan.

1 Name, surname, age.

2 Date and place of berth.

3 Profession (occupation)/

4 Appearance, character.

5 Hobby and interests.

6 School life.

7 The information about relatives.( name, surname, age, appearance, occupation)

8 Family relations.

9 Your future plans.

Домашнее задание:

1 Make the story “ Let me introduce myself”.

2 Describe the appearance and character of your friend in written form. Ex. 1.2  page 26.

Практическое занятие №3

My working ady.

1 Повторение и активизация лексики по теме « Мой рабочий день».

2 Развитие навыка поискового чтения.

3 Развитие навыка сопоставления.

4 Развитие навыка диалогиского и монологического высказывания.

Литература:

Exercise 1 Study the vocabulary. Page  56-57

Exercise 2. Read the text page 54-55 and answer the questions.

1 What is the story-teller?

2 Where can the students live , when they study at the University?

3 Whom does she share the room with?

4 When does she usually get up and why?

5 Why does her roommate wake her up?

6 What does she usually do in the morning?

7 She has a shower in the morning, hasn’t she?

8 Who makes breakfast for the girls?

9 How do the girls get to the University?

10 How much time does it take for them to get to the University?

11 What is their school day?

12 She doesn’t miss the classes, does she?

13 When and where do the students have lunch?

14 Why does she have to go to the library?

15 How do the girls spend the evenings?

16 At what time does she go to bed?

Exercise 3. Translate from Russian into English.

Page 57. Ex. 2.2

Exercise 4 Write the sentences with following words:

Page 57 , Ex. 2.1

Exercise 5 Make up the dialogues. Use the questions Ex. 2.3 , page 58.

Домашнее задание:

1Study the vocabulary page 61.

2 Read and translate the text “ Nick’s usual working day”.

3 Make the stories about the working –day of your mother or father.

Ex. 2.4 , page 59.

Практическое занятие №4

“ Forms of address”

1 Знакомство с традициями и культурой страны изучаемого языка.

2 Воспитание культурного и воспитанного человека.

3 Активизация употребления в речи устойчивых выражений и клише при приветствии и прощании по средствам речевых ситуаций.

Практическое занятие №5

“ My University”

1 Изучение и активизация лексики по теме « Мой университет».

2 Развитие навыка чтения с полным пониманием текста.

3 Выполнение лексических упражнений продуктивного и репродуктивного характера с целью активизации лексики.  

4 Развитие навыка монологического и диалогического высказывания.

5 Развитие навыка анализа содержания прочитанного и сопоставления с реалиями .

Таsk 1.

Find all the verbs in the list of words, page 80-81 « Английский для экономистов» .

Find all the nouns.

Find the adjectives

Task2

Match the words:

1Full-time student                                                      а) заведующий кафедрой

2part time-student                                                      б) магистр

3Business law                                                            в) студент вечернего отделения

4Course of studies                                                     г) студент 1-4 курсов

5Head of department                                                 д) студент « заочник»

6Chair man/ woman                                                  е) курс обучения

7Teaching instructor                                                 ж) студент дневного отделения

8Teaching staff                                                          з) преподаватель

9Faculty members                                                     и) преподавательский состав

10Student of distant ( extramural) education            к) студент аспирант

11Student of preparatory courses                              л) докторант

12Undergraduate student                                           м) слушатель подкурсов

13Graduate student                                                     н) коммерческое право

14Master student                                                         п) солидная база

15Ph. D. student

16 solid background

Key:///////////////////////////////////////////

Task3

1 Find the explanations of the words:

1 research, 2 course of study,3 currently,4 accounting, 5 conduct, 6 finance, 7 management,

8 facilities, 9 enroll, 10 banking, 11 chat, 12 tasty.

a) of the present time; b) series of lessons, lectures; c) a person who is studying for a degree, diploma; d) become a member of something ; e) to lead or guide somebody or something; f)

business of running a bank; g) management of money; h)control and organization of business;

i) friendly informal conversation; k) equipment that make it possible or easy to do something;

l) carefully study or investigation, especially to discover new facts or information; m) having

a strong and pleasant flavor.

Task 4

Translate the expressions:

1To graduate from the university,2 outstanding people,3 all spheres of knowledge,4 compared to,5 to be founded, 6 to give birth, 7 nowadays, 8 the majority, 9 pedagogical practice, 10 to last, 11 the faculty of banking, 12 to have several buildings, 13 the building is for…, 14 on the ground.

Task 5

Answer the questions:

1 When was the university founded?

2 How many faculties were there first?

3 How many students are enrolled nowadays?

4 Are there aspirants and doctorants ?

5 How many years do the course of study at the University last?

6 What are the faculties at the University?

7 The University is large , isn’t it?

8 There are not many large halls, aren’t there?

9 What is there in another two buildings?

10 What is there on the ground and the first floor?

11 Is there the food tasty or nasty?

12 The students have to rent the apartment , don’t they?

Task 6

Fill in the table

Home task:

       - take a tour around the University, find out where and what kind of classrooms and     laboratories, facilities and lecture halls  are on different floors.

• get acquaintance of the dean and the heads of the departments, ask them how many students are currently enrolled..
• Interview the students of different faculties and find out what the most popular faculty in your University is.
• Go to the museum and find out when this branch of the Institute was established. When was the Pedagogical Institute founded? Who was its first Rector ?  When did the Institute change its location?

Make up the dialogue.

• You are the students of the different Universities. Exchange your impressions .
• You are freshman students and have just come to the University. Ask the seniors about it.

Выражения по теме – образование11 класс

1 to be good at a subject-

2 capacity

3 to work hard at smth

4 to be careless about one’s subject-

5 to fall behind the group

6 to catch up with the group

7 to continue school

8 to take further education

9 to give a good report on a pupil

10 to work on a subject

11 entrance exam

12 educate-v, education, educational.

13 separation of the school from the church

14 to sit for state examination

15 to do research

16 to learn smth

17 to leave the school

18 state scholarship

19 extra-curricular activities

20 to award a certification to smb/

21 What institute do you want to study at?

22 What faculty will you be?

23 full-time student

24 an external student

25 a matriculation book

26 academic year

27 to provide smb with smth

28 to read up for an  exam

29 I have no heard for…

30 I don’t seem to able to remember…

Практическое занятие № 6

“ The Russian Federation”

1 Развитие навыка поискового чтения.

2 Расширения кругозора.

3 Активизация употребления артикля с географическими названиями и степени сравнения прилагательных..

4 Развитие навыка диалогического высказывания.

5 Развитие навыка перевода с русского на английский.

Task1.

Study the vocabulary on page 100, И.П. Агабекян “ Английский для экономистов».

Give  the definitions to the following expressions using the vocabulary.

1 a person who has full rights as a member of a country, either by birth or by being granted such rights,

2 Have possessions of something,

3 any of the sides of an object,

4 complete, entire,

5 very many,

6 all the plants of a particular area or period of time,

7 all the animals of an area,

8 a regular pattern of weather conditions of a particular region,

9 particular state of existence,

10 average in amount,

11 relating to iron,

12 country considered as an organized  political community controlled by one government, 13 consist of or be composed of,

14 large strip of cloth showing an emblem or slogan which is carried during political or religion possessions,  

15 law- making,

16 having power to carry out decisions, laws, decrees,

17 by a court of law,

18 having the status, wealth that enables one to persuade others to do something,

19 dealing with or involving other countries,

20 not taking account of or considering something,

21 having or showing self- respect, dignity or independence.  

Практическое занятие № 7

“ Moscow-The capital of our country”.

Tasks:

1 Развитие навыка……

Task1 Read the text  on page 102-103, И.П. Агабекян “ Английский для экономистов

Task2.

Study the vocabulary on page 104, И.П. Агабекян “ Английский для экономистов».

Find the explanation of the words from the vocabulary.

1 capital-  town or city that is the centre of government of a country,

2 prince- male member of a royal family who is not the king,

3 bank-ground near the river,

4 cathedral- main church of a district under a care of a bishop.

5 masterpiece- task done with great skill, especially an artist’s greatest work.

6 palace- any large splendid house.

7 fortress- castle or large fort.

8  tsar- ( title of the) emperor of Russia ( before 1917)

9 dome- rounded roof with a circular base.

10 crowd- a large number of people gathered together in the open.

11 scientific used in or involved n science.

12 marble- type of hard limestone used, when cut and polish, for building and sculpture.

13 vast- very large in area, size and degree.

14 repair- restore  to good condition.

15 observation- action of observing.

16 furniture- movable articles ( tables, chairs, beds) put into the house to make is suitable to live.

17 processing- method used in industry to make something.

18 rail- still bar fixed on the ground for trains or trams.

Task 3

1 Read some more information about Moscow.

2  Find in the dictionary the meaning of the underlined words.

3 Make up  special questions, pay attention to the tenses of the predicates.

                       Red Square is the place of parades, meetings, and demonstrations. Here one can see the Cathedral of St. Basil the Blessed , erected by architect Postnic and Barma to commemorate Russian”s conquest of the Kazan Kingdom in 1552.It is a masterpieces of Russian architecture. The monument of Minin and Pozharsky was designed by Ivan Martos in 1818 in memory of Russian victory over Polish invade I 1612. The History Museum in Red Square is one of the major scientific and educational institutions where we can follow the life of Russian people since ancient time.

                      The Alexander Garden is situated near the Kremlin wall. In 1967 the Memorial architectural ensemble was set up over the Tomb of the Unknown Solder. There are always a lot of flowers at the foot of the monument, especially on Victory Day.  

 .

Task 4

Answer the questions:

1 When was the Moscow founded?

2 Who founded Moscow?

3 Where is Moscow located?

4 What is the population of Moscow?

5 Is Moscow a port city?

6What is known about Moscow  Metro?

7 Why the Kremlin  is the most important place of interest for tourist?

8 What cathedrals are situated inside the Kremlin?

9 What is Palace of Congresses used for at present time?

10 What is the heart for of Moscow?

      11 What are the most beautiful masterpieces of Russian architecture in the city?

12 Where can you spend your free time in Moscow?

13  What are the most favorite theatre in Moscow? ( Have you ever been in Moscow’ theatres?)

Task 5

Fill in the gaps with the suitable words given below .

Leads, galleries, outstanding, cultural, world ,has, musical, proud, including,  Maly,  named,  secondary, remarkable, museums.

                 Moscow is a scientific and ………….. centre where there are lots of institutes, universities, libraries,…………… , technical schools, colleges and ………… schools. The city…..

A varied cultural life . It has a lot of cinemas , clubs, concert halls, more than 40 drama and ……….. theatres, ………….. the Bolshoi Theatre with its famous……….. ballet and opera,, the Art Theatre, The …… Theatre and others.

                Muscovite are ……….. of their museums: the Treatyakov Gallery , the Museum of Fine Arts named after A. S. Pushkin , the Kuskovo museum, literary museums and art ……...

At the Tretyakov Gallery you can see a lot of ……….. paintings by the outstanding  Russian artists: Repin, Kramskoy, Ivanov, Serov, Perov, Levitan, Shishkin, Polenov,

Key:

Moscow is a scientific and  cultural centre where there are lots of institutes, universities, libraries, museums , technical schools, colleges and secondary schools. The city leads a varied cultural life . It has a lot of cinemas , clubs, concert halls, more than 40 drama and musical theatres, including the Bolshoi Theatre with its famous world ballet and opera,, the Art Theatre, The Maly Theatre and others.

             Muscovite are proud of their museums: the Treatyakov Gallery , the Museum of Fine Arts named after A. S. Pushkin , the Kuskovo museum, literary museums and art gallery. At the Tretyakov Gallery you can see a lot of remarkable  paintings by the outstanding  Russian artists: Repin, Kramskoy, Ivanov, Serov, Perov, Levitan, Shishkin, Polenov.

Home task.

1Watch the video film. Create the excursion around the Kremlin “ The History of Moscow”.

2 Create the excursion “ The Sights of Moscow”.

3 Make reports

1 Просмотрите фильм …… Подготовьте  экскурсию по Кремлю : « Историческая Москва».

2 Подготовьте обзорную экскурсию по городу « Москва столица России».

3Подготовьте рефераты: Третьяковская галерея, Русские ордена в Историческом музее, Алмазный фонд, Кремлёвские колокола, Музей –квартира Пушкина, Манеж.

Практическое занятие № 8

“ United Kingdom”.

Tasks:

1 Развитие навыка……

Task1

Study the vocabulary on page 124-125, И.П. Агабекян “ Английский для экономистов».

Task2 Read the text  on page 122-124, И.П. Агабекян “ Английский для экономистов”.

Task3

Answer the questions:

1 What is the official name of the country?

2 It is a constitutional monarchy, isn’t it?

3 What islands does it comprise?

4 What countries is the UK bordered?

5 What ocean and seas is it washed?

6 What is the capital of the country?

7 When  and how were England , Wales, Scotland and Ireland  united?

8 What is the overall length?

9 What is the maximum width?

10 What’s the nature of Great Britain?

11 What’s the climate of Great Britain?

12 What’s the average annual precipitation?

13 How often does it rain in the UK?

14 What’s the population of Great Britain?

15 GNP ranks fifth in the world, doesn’t it?

Test.

1 The official name of the country is ….

a) The UK, a) Great Britain, c) The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland..

2 ……. Separate Great Britain from the continent.

a) The Black Sea, b) The English Channel, c) The Atlantic Ocean.

3 The North of Scotland is mountainous and is called …… .

a) the Highland, b) Lowland, c) Lochs.

4 The South has beautiful valleys and plains is called……… .

a) the Highland, b) Lowland, c) Lochs.

5 There are numerous lakes in Scotland and they are called….. .

a) the Highland, b) Lowland, c) Lochs.

6 The north and west  of England are mountainous, but all the rest-east, centre and south-east is vast plain.

a) plain, b) desert, c) forest.

7 The Severn is the …… river.

a) busiest, b) longest, c) deepest.

8 The Thames , which flows through rich agricultural districts into the North Sea, is the …….

and the most important river in England.

1. busiest, b) longest, c) deepest.

9 The climate is ……..

a) moderate,  b) mean, c) mild.

10 …….. is often the rainiest month of the year.

a) November, b) October, c) September.

11 ….. per cent of the  inhabitants live  in cities and tows.

a) forty, b) eighty, c) fifty.

Key:

1-c, 2-b, 3-a, 4-b, 5-c, 6-a, 7-b, 8-a, 9-c, 10-b, 11-b.

Define each line with one word.

Найди слово с общим значением для каждой строчки:

Import, Industrial cities, Production, Export

1………… : oil and oil product, ores, metal, timber, cotton, wool, food-stuff.

2…………: motor-car, aircraft, electro technical apparatus, chemical, cotton, woolen fabrics.

3………….. : iron, steel goods, textile, chemicals.

4 Row materials….

5 …………. : London, Birmingham, Liverpool, Bristol.

Key: 1- Import, 2- Export, 3- Production, 5- Industrial cities

Home task :

1 Study the map.

2 Retell the text according to the following plan:

- official name

- population

- geographical location

-total area

- boarding countries

- historical events

- nature

-rivers and lakes

- seasons and weather

- natural resources

- the rank in the world economy

3 Give  your point of view :  What is the influence of geographical location, nature and weather on the economy of the country?

-

Практическое занятие № 9

“ Political system”

Home task:

1 Read and translate the information about British Institutions.

Forming the Government. ( The Cabinet).

Vocabulary:

Support- поддержка

Senior- старший ( по возрасту или положению)

To be responsible for- отвечать за

To run –управлять

 To resign-уйти в отставку

Backbencher- рядовой член парламента

The party which wins the most seats in the General Election forms the government in Britain. The leader of the winning party becomes Prime Minister. As leaders of their political parties and leaders of the country, Prime Ministers are powerful because they have the majority support in Parliament and they can choose a committee of ministers called the Cabinet. This is made up of a selection of senior MPs from the House of Commons and some members of the House of Lords. Each member of the Cabinet is a minister responsible for a government department for example, the Secretary of State for Education and Science is responsible for all the schools, universities and teachers in Britain. The cabinet of of ministers runs the country. The cabinet meets at the Prime Minister’s house 10 Downing Street. The cabinet works as a team and all ministers must accept the decisions of the “ group”. The team of ministers must always agree in public because they are collectively responsible for the decisions they make. If a minister cannot agree with all the others, he usually resigns from the cabinet. Cabinet meetings are held in private and the details must remain secret for at least 30 years. Margaret Thatcher tried to change this style of the Cabinet  and was forced to resign when the other ministers could not agree with her. Cabinet ministers cannot, however, do as they please! They are responsible to Parliament and must answer questions from backbenchers from the House of Commons.

Even the –rime Minister must answer questions every Tuesday and Thursday in the Commons- this is called Prime Minister’s Question Time . Everyone wants to know what has been decided behind the closed doors of the Cabinet Room.

Answer the questions:

1Which party forms the government?

2 Who becomes Prime minister?

3 Why are Prime ministers powerful?

4 Where does the  Cabinet meet?

5 What did Margeret Thatcher try to do?

6 Why was Margeret Thatcher forced to resign?

7 Whose questions must Cabinet ministers answer?

8 What does everyone want to know?

Vocabulary:

to be made up of – состоять из

elected- избираемый         

inherited – унаследованный

seat – место

constituency- избирательный округ

candidate- кандидат

vote- голосование, право голоса

Parliament. The Palace of Westminster.

Britain is administered from the Palace of Westminster in London. This is also known as the House of Parliament  Parliament is made up of two chambers- the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The members of the House of Lords are not elected^ the qualify to sit in the House because they are bishops of the Church of England, aristocrats who have inherited their seats from their fathers, people with titles. There has been talk of reform in this century because many Britons think that this system is undemocratic. The House of Commons, by contrast, has 651 seats which are occupied by Members of Parliament ( MPs) who are elected by the British public. The United Kingdom is divided into constituencies , each of which has an elected MP in the House of Commons.

          Each of the major political parties appoints a representative ( candidate) to compete foe each seat. Smaller parties may have a candidate in only a few constituencies. There may be five or more parties, fighting for one seat, but only one person – the candidate who gets the greatest number of votes- can win. Some parties win a lot of seats and some win very few, or none ay all.

          The Queen, who is the Head of State, opens and closes Parliament. All new laws are debated ( discussed) by MPs in the Commons, then debated in the3 Lords, and finally signed by the Queen. All three are part of Parliament in Britain.

Answer the questions:

1 What is Parliament made up of?

2 Are the members of the House of Lords elected?

3 What do Britons think about this system?

4 Who appoints a representative to compete foe each seat?

5 Who can win the seat?

6 Who is the Head of State?

• British Institutions.

Vocabulary:

Authority – власть

Constitutional monarchy- конституционная монархия

Succession- право наследования

Hereditary- наследственный

Descent- происхождение

Neutral- нейтральный

Executive-исполнительная

Legislative- законодательная

Duty – обязанность

Dissolving- роспуск

Sovereign- монарх

To be crowned- быть коронованным

Peer-пэр

Council- совет

Court of appeal – cуд

Suffrage- право голоса

Election- выборы

Security- безопасность

Government- правительство

 Parliament is the most important authority in Britain. Parliament first met in the 13th century. Britain does not have a written constitution, but a set of laws. In 1689 Mary II and William III became the first constitutional monarchs. They could rule only with the support of the Parliament. Technically Parliament is made up of three parts: the Monarch, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.

           The continuity of the English monarch has been interrupted only once during the Cromwell republic. Succession to the throne is hereditary but only for Protestants in the direct line of descent. Formally the monarch has a number of roles. The monarch is expected to be politically neutral, and should  not make political decisions. Nevertheless , the monarch still performs some important executive and legislative duties including opening and dissolving Parliament, signing bills passed by both Houses and fulfilling international duties as head of state. The present sovereign is Queen Elizabeth II who was crowned in Westminster Abbey in 1953.

      The House of Lords comprises about 1200 peers. The house is presided over the Lord Chancellor. The House of Lords has no real power but acts as an advisory council for the House of Commons. As well as having legislative functions, the Lords is the highest court of appeal.

         The House of Commons consists of members of Parliament who are elected by the adult suffrage of the British people in general elections which are held at least every five years. The country is divided into 650 constituencies each of which elects one Member of Parliament. The party which wins the most seats forms the Government and its leader becomes the Prime Minister. The functions of Commons are legislation and security of government activities. The house is presided over by the Speaker. The government party sits on the Speaker’s right while on his left sit the members of the Opposition.

Task 1

Lords , members , monarchy, Woolsack, authority ,Queen, rule, steel magnets ,summon, covered ,bishops , export, Ministers, belongs, leader , commercial , include, directors.

Great Britain is a constitutional ………. In law, the ……. of Great Britain is the head of the executive, the head of the judicial and the commander-in-chief of all the armed of the Crown.

 Nobody but the Queen can …… Parliament, or dissolve it. In practice, the Queen acts only the advice of the her ……… .She resign but she does not ….. .The supreme  legislative ……..in the United Kingdom ………. to the Queen and the two Houses of Parliament – the House of ……….. and the House of Commons. The Houses of Lords has 850 ………. : peer, lords, ………. and archbishops. One-third of the Lords are company………… . They ……..bankers, ………. , newspaper proprietors, and industrialists of all kinds. The ………   is the Lord Chancellor who sits upon the………… , a large bag of wool ………. with red cloth. The Woolsack is a reminder of the time when England’s …………   prosperity was founded

Key:

Great Britain is a constitutional monarchy. In law, the Queen of Great Britain is the head of the executive, the head of the judicial and the commander-in-chief of all the armed of the Crown.

 Nobody but the Queen can summon Parliament, or dissolve it. In practice, the Queen acts only the advice of the her Ministers. She resign but she does not rule. The supreme  legislative authority in the United Kingdom belongs to the Queen and the two Houses of Parliament – the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The Houses of Lords has 850 members : peer, lords, bishops and archbishops. One-third of the Lords are company directors. They include bankers, steel magnets, newspaper proprietors, and industrialists of all kinds. The leader is the Lord Chancellor who sits upon the Woolsack, a large bag of wool covered with red cloth. The Woolsack is a reminder of the time when England’s commercial prosperity was founded on her wool export.

Test

1 The Houses of Commons consists of …. who  are elected by ballot.

a) 630, b) 680, c) 700.

2 The party which gets the largest number of votes takes office and is called the ……...

a) Parliament, b) Government, c) Opposition.

3 The party  in the minority is called ……… .

a) Parliament, b) Government, c) Opposition.

4 The Government sits …………  of the Speaker’s chair, the Opposition ……… .

a) on the right, b) on the  left, c) in the centre of the hall.

5 Parliamentary producer is based on forms and rules, many of which date back to the beginning of the …….. century.

a) eighteen , b) sixteen,  c) twelve .

6 The Speaker walks in possession to the Chamber from his residence within  the ……

a) Royal Palace, b) Westminster Abby, c) The Tower.

7 The Speaker wears wig and …..

a) dress, b) hat, c) gown.

8 He is accompanied by his Chaplain, his Secretary and the Sergeant-at- Arms carrying ……

a)a ruler, b) Mace, c) Doom’s Day Book.

9 On arrival in the Chamber, ……….. and provided a quorum of forty members is present, the Speaker takes a chair.

a) prayers are read, b) the  anthem is sung, c)  the motto is said.

10 There are 630 members in the House of Commons but there is seating accommodation for only ………. .

a) 630, b) 500, c) 437.

11 When the House is full, members have to sit….. .

a) in the gangways, b) on the floor, c) leave the House.

12 There are ...... parties at present.

a) 2, b) 3, c) 4.

Key:

1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-a,b, 5-b, 6-a, 7-c, 8- b, 9- a, 10-c, 11- a, 12-c.

Home task:

1Make the sheme-table : “ British Institutions”Подготовить проект-таблицу « Британские институты власти»

2 Make the projects: “ The Royal Family”, “ Henry VIII”, “ Diana and her sons”,  “Golden Jubilee of Elizabeth”.

3 Give your point of view :  What is the influence of political system on the economy of the country?

Практическое занятие № 9

“The economy of Great Britain.”

Task……..

Task1.

Study the vocabulary on page 128, И.П. Агабекян “ Английский для экономистов».

Task2.

Arrange the words into the following groups  :  nouns,  verbs, adjectives, adverbs.

Key:

1 Nouns: adjustment, barley, beets, competitiveness, crop, decline, equipment, excise, expenditure, exposure, navy, negotiations, petrochemical, productivity, prosperity, revenue, share, tax, taxation, utilities, wheat.

2 Verbs: to borrow, to debilitate, to derive, to encompass, to exceed, to fall short, to predominate, to prevail, to rank, to shrink, to offset.

3 Adjectives: forefront, frequent, marine, merchant, self-sufficient, significant, steady.

4 Adverbs: approximately, considerably, virtually.

Task3.

1Translate the sentences from English into Russian, pay attention to the marked words.

2 Make the general and special questions. Pay attention to tenses of the predicates.

1 The country is a major world financial and banking centre.

2 Deficits are offset by public borrowing.

3 Public revenues ordinary fall short of expenditures and are chiefly derived from income taxes , which are highly progressive , and excises.

4 The GNP  per capital is among that of most other European countries.

5 Manufacturing industries account for one-fifth of the GNP.

6 The state sector was reduced during the 1980s and 1990s owing to policies of privatization, or denationalization, of publicly owned corporations.

7 Government policies include the close monitoring and frequent adjustment of interest rates; a gradual reduction in the level of direct personal taxation, the encouragement of wide home ownership and of individuals’ share holdings in companies.

8 Considerable emphasis is placed on increased exposure of the economy to market forces.

9 A single graduated income tax was introduced in 1973.

10 Production from oil field has allowed the UK to become virtually self-sufficient in petroleum.

Task 4.

Find the meaning of the following words:

1 derive ,2- tax, 3 exceed, 4 encompass, 5 shrink ,6 excise,7 negotiation,8-significant, 9 revenue, 10- productivity, 11- to rank, 12 share, 13 prevail, 14 merchant, 15- rank, 16- expenditure, 17- predominant, 18-borrow, 19- decline.

1 …… - receive or obtain something temporarily ( from somebody) with the promise or intention of returning . ( receive money from the bank)

2 …… - gradual and continuous loss of strength, power, numbers.

3 ……. – originate from something.

4……. – do more than one has permission to do.

5 …… - government tax on certain goods manufactured, sold or used within a country.

6 …… - action of spending or using ( esp of  money).

7 …… - wholesale trader, esp one who trades with foreign countries.

8 …… - discussion aimed at reaching an agreement.

9 …… - having more power or influence than others.

10 ….. – persuade somebody to do something.

11 …. – ability to produce, efficiency , esp in industry.

12 …. – grade sb according to quality.

13 …. – position in a scale of responsibility, quality.

14 ….. – income, esp the total annual income of the State from taxes.

15 …. –any of the equal parts into which the capital of a business company is divided, giving the

              Holder a right to a portion of the profit.

16 …. – become smaller.

17 …. – having a meaning, esp one that is immediately obvious, important.

18 …. – money to be paid by people or business to a government for public purposes.

19 …. – include or comprise something.

Key: 1-18, 2- 19, 3-1, 4-3, 5-6, 6-16, 7-9, 8-7,9-17, 10- 13, 11-10, 12-15,  13-11, 14-9, 15-12, 16-5, 17-8, 18-2, 19 -4

Task 5.

Read the text  on page 126-128, И.П. Агабекян “ Английский для экономистов”.

Task 6

Answer the questions . Exercise 6.3 page 129, И.П. Агабекян “ Английский для экономистов”.

Task 7.

 Agree or disagree with the statements . Exercise 6.5 , page 130 . И.П. Агабекян “ Английский для экономистов”.

Task 8.

Translate the sentences from Russian into English, pay attention to the vocabulary on page 128- 129, И.П. Агабекян “ Английский .

Home task:

1 Do  exercise 6.4, page 130 . И.П. Агабекян “ Английский для экономистов” in written form.

2 Learn the vocabulary  on page 128, И.П. Агабекян “ Английский для экономистов».

3 Make the plan for retelling.

Практическое занятие № 10

“USA( The land and the people)”

Task 1

Study the map and try to answer the following questions, using your knowledge on this topic:

1 What is the 4th largest country in the world?

2 What territory does the USA occupy?

3 How many states are there in the USA?

4 What is the northern boundary formed by?

5 What is the  southern boundary formed by?

6 The USA has a sea-border with Russia , hasn’t it?

7 What’s the total area of the USA?

8 What oceans is the country washed?

9 What are the lakes and rivers on the territory of the USA?

10 What are the highest mountains and peaks  on the territory of the USA?

11  Are the climate conditions different in the USA?

12 Is country rich in natural and mineral resources?

13 What is the capital of the USA?

14 Where is the capital situated?

14 What are the main large cities in the country?

Task 2

1Translate the sentences from English into Russian.

 2 Use the vocabulary on page 151, И.П. Агабекян “ Английский для экономистов”.

1 The Americans are made up from nearly all races and nations.

2 The national flag symbolizes the number of original and present-day states.

3 Officially the country comprises 50 states and one District of Columbia.

4 The USA is a federal state, headed by the president.

5 According to the USA Constitution  the power of the country  is presented by 3 branches: legislative, executive and judicial.

6 The legislative power belongs to the Congress consisting of the Senate and the House of Representatives.

7 The Senate represents the states while the House of Representatives - population.

8 The executive power is vested in the President and his Administration ( Vice-President  and the Cabinet of Ministers).

9 The judicial power belongs to the Supreme Court and the system of Federal, State and District courts.

10  The  symbol of the Republicans is a donkey and The  symbol of the Democrats is an elephant.  

To be made up from, symbolizes, comprise, District of Columbia, to head, to be  divided, branches, legislative, executive,  judicial, belongs to, outlying areas, inland waters, to pass, frontier, to include, lowlands, peak, be located, aircraft, stripe,  donkey.

Task 3

Fill in the gaps.

Geographical position. Climate.

              The USA (1)…… from Atlantic (2)……. across North America and far into the Pacific.

Because of such a (3)…….  size of the country the climate differs from one part of the country to another. The coldest (4) ……  is in the northern part, where there is heavy snow winter and (5) ….. may go down to 40 degrees  (6) …..  zero. The south has a  (7) ..... climate, with temperature as high  as 49  (8) ….. in summer. The continental  part of the USA consists of the  (9) ….. region and two lowland region. The highland region are the Appalachian  (10) …..  in the east and the Cordillera in the (11) …... Between the  Cordillera and the Appalachian  mountains are the central lowlands which  (12) …..  the prairie, and eastern lowlands called the Mississippi  (13) …….There are many mountains  (14) …… in the west and south-west. The Rocky mountains  ( 15) …… all the way from New Mexico to Alaska. Many rivers  (16) …… the country. The most  (17) ……  are the Mississippi , Missouri, Colorado, Sacramento. The main lakes in the USA are the Great (18) …… in the north.

1 subtropical,  2- below ,3- huge ,4 - degrees , 5- are called,  6-stretched, 7- highland ,8- Ocean, 9- west, 10- climate, 11- temperature, 12- mountains, 13- especially , 14- cross, 15-valley, 16 - important ,17- extend, 18- lakes.

Key:1-6, 2-8, 3-3, 4-10,5-11, 6-2, 7-1, 8-4, 9- 7, 10-12, 11-9, 12- 5, 13- 15, 14- 13, 15-17, 16- 14, 17- 16, 18- 18.

Test.    American Symbols.

Do the test and translate the sentences.

1 The American flag is often called ………

a) “ Stripes and stars”, b) “ the Stars and Stripes”, c) “ The stars and rounds”.

2 It has 13 horizontal stripes, 7 …. and 6 white.

a) red, b)  blue, c) pink.

3 In the top left hand corner there are 50 white stars on the  background.

a) red, b)  blue, c) pink.

4 The national anthem of the United States is …….

a) God Bless America, b) America The Beautiful, c) “ The Star Spangled Banner”.

5 The  …… became the national emblem of the country in 1782.

a) Great Horned owl , b) eagle, c) mockingbird.

6 It has an olive branch ( a symbol of ……) and arrows ( a symbol of strength).

a) peace, b) power, c) friendship.

7 The Statue of Liberty is the symbol of American …… .

a) independency, b) democracy, c) belief.

8 It stands on the Liberty Island in …..

a) New York, b) Washington, c) Boston.

9  This National Monument was a present from …… to the USA.

a) The UK, b) Canada, c) France.

10 Liberty carries the torch of …… - in her right hand.

a) freedom, b) trust, c) hope.

11 In her left hand she is holding a tablet with the inscription “ ……, 1776”- American Independence Day.

a) July 12, b) June 12, c) July 4.

Key: 1-b, 2-a, 3-b, 4-c, 5-b, 6-a, 7- b, 8-a, 9-c, 10-a, 11- c.

Home task:

1. Read and translate the texts: The Higher Organs of Power in the USA.

The US Congress , The US Government.

2 Sum up all the information about the USA and prepare the story about the geographical position , climate and  resources.

 Study the vocabulary.

 Read and translate the text “How to become a US president”.

Make up 10 questions of different types   to the text. Pay attention to the tenses of the predicates.

Politicians- политик, baffling- загадочный, the election- выборы, to serve- служить,

Terms- срок, law- закон, cast- …..,  ballot- избирательный бюллетень, voting- голосование, select-выбирать,  elector- выборщик,  direct- прямой, Electoral College-коллегия выборщиков,.to refer to – относиться (к), presidency- президентство, primary – первичные, предварительные сборы,голосование для определения кандидатов, caucus- совещание членов партии для выдвижения кандидата в президенты, polls- избирательный пункт, to pick- выбирать, отбирать (кандидата), convention- партийный съезд для выдвижения кандидата, guy- парень, celebrities- звёзды, campaign- кампания, a costly thing – дорогостоящая вещь, be held- проводиться,

Debates- дебаты, tax- налог, to make good points- говорить по существу, чётко выражать свою позицию, to vote one’s choice, popular vote – голоса, поданные на президентских выборах избирателями ( в отличие от голосов, поданных членами коллегии выборщиков), Nationwide- в масштабе всей страны, determine- определять,  to  depend on- зависеть ( от), population- население,  Inauguration-инаугурация, введение президента в должность, parade- парад, earn- зарабатывать, expenses- ( представительские расходы), tax free- не облагаемые налогами, limousine -лимузин,

jet – самолёт, house-keepers- обслуживающий персонал,  free- бесплатно, responsibility-

обязанность.

How to become a US president.

American politicians say the way they elect president is one of the most open and democratic process in the world. But to outsiders it seems rather baffling. In some countries , the election race takes just a few weeks, but in the USA , it usually takes more than a year. “ The road to the White House is a long road”, said  George W. Bush.

 The Rules.

According to the US Constitution , a president must be elected every four years. To become  a US president, you must….

Be  35 or older.

Be a US citizen born in the USA.

Have lived in the USA at least 14 years.

You can only serve two terms. This means you can only be president twice. This became law in 1951. Before that, the law was different. In fact, Franklin D. Roosevelt became president in 1933 and was still president when he died in 1945.

Many Americans think that when they cast their ballot, they are voting for their chosen candidate. In fact , they are selecting electors. The US president is not chosen by a direct vote of the people. He is elected by 538 electors that make  up what is called the Electoral College.

The Electoral College isn’t the usual kind of college refers to the total number of  “ electoral votes” from all the states. Altogether, there are 538 electoral votes and a candidate must win at least 270 of them to win the presidency.

 Step 1: Get Yourself Nominate!

       The  first step on the long road to the White House is primaries and caucuses.  Voters all over the country go to the polls to help each political party decide on a single candidate. In most countries, the party picks the candidate. But in the US, voter have to choose from the list of candidates made by the party.

Step 2:  The Convention

The party delegates ( chosen during primaries and caucuses) gather joyfully together to unite behind one  presidential candidate. The Republicans usually meet in Los Angeles. The choose their  presidential candidates and it’s not unusual for them to vote several times. They also create their party platforms.

Step 3 : The Campaign

               TV, radio, and print advertisements are EVERYWHERE! The candidates travel up and down the country, giving speeches and appearing on TV. These guys what you to know why they should live in the big White House on Pennsylvania Avenue.

               A lot of celebrities usually take part in the campaign. They sing songs, make speeches and make telephone calls asking people to vote for their candidate.

               The election campaign is a costly thing. George W. Bush, for example, spend $90 million on it.

Step 4 : Great Debates

        The candidates face each other in  national debates. They have to answer difficult questions- about taxes, education, foreign policy… All the country watches them. Did they answer all the questions? Did they make good points? Did they look smart?

Step 5: The Election Day

         The election is always held on Tuesdays –the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November. People in every state vote their choice for the new president. The  candidate who wins a state’s popular vote usually gets All of this state’s electoral votes. What’s an electoral vote? It’s the only vote counted nationwide to determine the next US president. The number of electoral votes each state gets depends on the size of its population, so larger states get more of them than smaller states. The electoral votes are counted, and the first to win 270 ( more than half electoral votes in the country) wins!

Step 6: Moving-In Day!

          On Inauguration Day , which is always held on January 20, Americans finally call the winner “ Mr President”. And that looks pretty cool on a business card!

           There is usually a parade and the new president usually a parade and the new president usually makes a speech about his plans for the US.

             From now on the new president will live in the beautiful White House and earn $ 200,000 a year. He will also get an extra $ 50,000 for expenses, tax free. He will have his own limousine, jet and house-keepers – all free.

             Of course, his life isn’t easy. The president has a lot of responsibilities and he must work very hard – in less than four years the race will start again.

Home task

Подготовится к тесту в устной форме. ( ответы на вопросы)

Практическое занятие № 11

“ Economy of the USA”

Task 1

Study the vocabulary. Pay attention to new underline words.

Leading industrial nation - ведущая индустриальная держава

To Remain – оставаться

dominant -доминант

basic industrial goods -основные промышленные товары

manufactured goods- промышленные товары

to increase – повышать, увеличивать

 efficient- эффективный, квалифицированный

tremendous growth- огромный рост

service industries – сфера обслуживания

trade- торговля

financial activities- финансовая деятельность

sector – сектор, часть

workforce – рабочая сила

approximately приблизительно

free enterprise – свободная торговля

to be drawn - составлять

to protect consumers – защита потребителя

unsafe- ненадёжный, опасный

environmental pollution- загрязнение окружающей среды

fiscal year – финансовый год

 estimate- оценка, смета, калькуляция

expenditure – трата, расход, потребление

revenue- годовой доход, ( pl ) доходные статьи

consistently - последовательно

deficits –дефицит

standards of living – уровни жизни

tertiary- третичный

mining – горное дело, разработка недр

contribute –содействовать, cспособствовать, жертвовать

wholesale- оптовая торговля

retail – розничная продажа

annual – ежегодный.

quantity- количество, размер.

Task 2.

Find the meaning of the following words:

1- workforce, 2- trade,3- expenditure ,4manufacture,5- fiscal,  6-enterprise,7- estimate,  8-consumers, 9- contribute ,10- wholesale , 11- retail ,12 –deficit.

1 …… - make ( goods) on a large scale using machinery.

2 ……- exchange of goods or services for money or other goods.

3 ……- total number of workers employed or available for work.

4 …… - project or undertaking, esp one that is difficult or needs courage.

5 …… - person who buys goods or uses services.

6 …… - related  to government money or public money, usually taxes.

7 ……-  judgment or calculation of approximate size, cost, value.

8 ……- action of spending or using .

9 …… - amount by which sth , esp sum of money, is too small.

10 ….. – give one’s share of money, help, advice.

11 ….. – selling of goods ( esp in large quantities ) to shopkeeper resale to the public.

12 ….. – selling of goods, which are usually not for resale, in small quantities to the general public.

Key: 1-4, 2-2, 3-1, 4-6, 5-8, 6-5, 7- 7, 8-3, 9-12, 10- 9, 11-10, 12-11.

Task 3.

Translate the sentences from  Russian into English.

1 Америка является ведущей индустриальной  державой.

2

Key:

1 The USA is a leading industrial nation.

Task 4.

Read the text  on page 152-154 , И.П. Агабекян “ Английский для экономистов”.

Task 5

Answer the questions . Exercise 7.2  page 154, И.П. Агабекян “ Английский для экономистов”.

Fill in the table using the information from the text and analyze the obtained data.

Key: