Morphemes: Structural Clues for Word Meaning

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Morphemes are the smallest unit s of meaning in English words. They are the base parts in compound words, the prefixes and suffixes, the Latin roots and the Greek combining forms.

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Teachers need to know morpheme patterns. These patterns become the strategies students can use to decode, spell unfamiliar words and form the new words broading their vocabulary.

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Suffixes are great ways to learn parts of speech. Noun endings: Adjective endings: Adverb ending: -ion - ive - ly -ist - est -or - ible

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Students will need to learn when to double the final consonant, drop the final ‘e’ and change ‘y’ into ‘ i ’ when adding suffixes. ma d /ma dd er skat e /skating bab y /bab i es

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If students know the meaning of Latin or Greek roots they can easily understand the translation of words which include such morphemes:

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The morpheme spect comes from Latin “to see, to watch” Re spect in spect spect ator spect acular intro spect ive spect acle

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The Greek morphemes graph and gram meaning ‘written or drawn’ Phono graph auto graph bio graph y tele gram phono gram

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Some examples of lexical morphemes in English: Bases. Nouns: dog, word, chart, child. Verbs: have, be, touch, stay. Adjectives: silly, hot, strong.

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Affixes. Prefixes: anti, con, di , pro. Suffixes: ness , ion, ity , or.