Defenders of my native land

The Education Department of the Verkhnebureinsky Municipal District

«Defenders of my native land».

project

was fulfilled by

Aliev M.T.ogli

Fisenko A.A.

9th form pupils

School 6

Checked by

Novikova T.G.

The teacher of the English language

School 6

Chegdomyn

2015

Contents

Прошла война,

Прошла отрада,

Но боль взывает к людям.

Давайте, люди, никогда

Об это не забудем! [1]

1. The Great Patriotic War in the history of my country.

The Great Patriotic War is the war between USSR and nazi Germany and its allies (Bulgaria, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Croatia, Finland).  

At June the 22nd in 1941 3 groups of German army were concentrated near the Soviet border (181 divisions, 19 tank divisions and 14 Moto divisions and 18 brigades). 3 air fleets of Austria supported these armies.

It's been 70 years since the day following the end of the Great Patriotic War. She broke and claimed millions of lives. The war stole from people their peaceful life, dressed them in an overcoat and went to the front. And only thanks to the heroism of a human in military terms was the victory achieved. The more we know about this period of our history, the more we understand better how difficult war and life in the 40s were.

There are many literary works, materials and museum exhibitions devoted to the theme of the Great Patriotic War. Young people born after World War II, have no right to forget those terrible years of hardship, ordeals endured by our people.

For us, the students of Verkhnebureinsky district, it was interesting to find out what was the contribution of our grandfathers and fathers in the victory. We believe that it necessary to preserve the memory of our fellow countrymen, their military and public feat. Using different information sources, examining the material found in our local museum about the heroes of our region, we have made our project and we would like to organize an exhibition to the Victory Day at school.

2. Khabarovskiy kray during the Great Patriotic War.

           1. The situation in the region.

In June 22, 1941 the Great Patriotic War interrupted the peaceful life. On the first day of the war thousands of our countrymen went to the front like volunteers.

To give their lives for their country wanted   young workers and farmers, and yesterday's schoolchildren. The militarist army of Japan - an ally of Nazi Germany was on the Far Eastern borders. Many of people took over military posts on the Amur and Ussuri, Kamchatka and Northern Sakhalin.

At that time, our countrymen built aircraft, warships, produced ammunition, harvested wood, fished, repaired tanks, aircraft and other military equipment. School children after school went to help the adults. They collected harvest in the fields and gardens. It was difficult to learn for them: there were not enough textbooks but the children tried very hard.

[1] A. Т. Твардовский

They knew that their work, their study will help to the front. Many of them were 14-15 years old. They went to work instead of fathers and brothers who had gone to the front. The view of the cities was terrible: on the windows of the houses there were paper strips.  Some schools were turned into hospitals.

During the Great Patriotic War thousands of soldiers were cured in our region, thousands of evacuees’ women and children found shelters here.

At the front the soldiers spoke with respect about people from the Far East, they were always greeted with joy.

2. The Far-Easters – heroes of Soviet Union.

112 people of our settlement received the title «Hero of the Soviet Union».

_____________________________________________________________

[2] https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/

     http://www.kmslib.ru/questions/

3. The war with the Japanese militarists.

We should not forget about the war with the Japanese militarists who have long been preparing to attack the USSR. Not once samurai stoked our ships at sea, staged provocations on the border.

In August the 9th, 1945 the Soviet Union declared itself at war with militarist Japan. 

At night advanced units of the Trans-Baikal, the First and Second Far Eastern Front went on the offensive. Samurai fought fierce. They occupied a considerable part of the Chinese territory for many years. But they couldn’t stop the Soviet soldiers.  One day our tank and mechanized columns moved to 180 - 200 km. And soon they freed North China and North Korea, and South Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands, these old Russian land.

In September the 2nd, 1945, the Government of militarist Japan signed the act of complete and unconditional surrender. The Second World War was ended.

3. «Medal for battle, medal for work are made of one metal”.   Verkhnebureinsky District. Chronicle of events.

Since 1934, there was only Umaltinsky molybdenum mine in our District. The indigenous people of the area were organized in five farms. There has been a necessary area of ​​construction of the railway line - Urgal.

Since 1939, the construction was began in Chegdomyn, the first houses of social settlement were laid. People dreamed of the great mining town...  

In 1941, the population of the district was 14 000 people. Coal- mines were built. Gold- digging mine Sophiisk worked.

It was not easy to inform the population of the vast area stretching over 70,000 square kilometers, about the treacherous attack of nazi Germany on the USSR. Impassable swamps, mountains and wild taiga, remote mines, molybdenum mines and construction sites in remote places - all this made the communication with the population in these areas was very complicated.

In June 22, 1941 in the afternoon in the district center Chekunda radio had brought terrible news about the German attack on the Soviet Union. To make a contribution to the defeat the foreign invaders was a sincere determination of everybody.

In the evening  June 22 District Party Committee met Council of the Soviet party and Komsomol workers who have decided to convert the area on a war footing, and the local economy to subordinate the needs of the front.

During the Great Patriotic Front people of our district did a lot to the victory. There were children and women instead of men in the enterprises of our district.

Chronicle of events

The labor reserves of Khabarovsky krai had taught to the state 36 700 qualified workers, fulfilled the state orders in 59 mln rubles and produced:

• Steal-5 000 tons;
• Coal-257 409 tons;

Repaired:

• Vans-5265;
• Cars-1441;
• Barges-57;
• Trains- 413;
• Tractors-172;
• Tanks-250;
• Planes-291;
• Stocks-12 600;

Drilled 1864 meters of 30 oil-wells.[3]

4. The veterans of our district.

The life of a person is very short but his life can contain a lot. Especially if a person lives in a hard period of country during the Great Patriotic War. This is information about veterans of our district which took part in the war and their

awards.

The order of the Red Banner was established in 1918. People were rewarded with it for bravery and courage.

• Bakhterev Leonid Alexandrovich
• KuzmichNikolaySevostyanovich
• Semakin Mikhail Ivanovich
• PlyushAndreyIvanovich
• Kornikov Mikhail Iosipovich.

They were awarded by the order of the Red Banner.

______________________________________________________________

[3] МежпоселенческийЧегдомынский краеведческий музей -   W1623, официальный сайт vb-muzeum77.narod.ru/

The order of the Red Star was established on the 6th of April, 1930 for the great merit in dependence of the country and guarantee of the state security in peaceful and wartime. Zakharov Victor Nikolaevich got this reward for his bravery in crossing the river Svir.

The order of the Patriotic War. It was established during the war. It was given to people for their bravery, courage, stableness and success in battle actions. There are:

• Bakhterev Leonid Alexandrovich
• BarsukovVasiliPavlovich
• Beda AndreyMikhaylovich
• VinokurovNikolayAlexandrovich
• Kalishin Ivan Grigoryevich
• KopelevMoiseySemenovich
• Prudnikov Alexey Dmitriyevich

63 persons from our district were rewarded with the Order of the Patriotic War of the second degree.[4]

5. Conclusion. We may be proud of the people of our district.

Родные мои! Вас совсем уж немного.

Вы смерть победили, в глаза глядя смерти.

Склоняюсь пред вами, как в храме, как в храме

пред образом Бога. Клянусь Вам, поверьте.

Ведь в Ваших руках билось сердце планеты.

Ваш подвиг безмерен бессмертьем Победы!

Вы к Божьему царству спасли переправу.

Спасителям мира – петь Вечную славу! 

 Ветеранам прошедшей войны

Не выдержать встречи без слез и без дрожи.

Ведь этого праздника нет нам дороже.

За те, за прошедшие страшные годы

пред Вами по пояс склонятся народы.

А те, кто в могилах покоятся прахом,

пробьются легендой с былинным размахом,

взойдут сквозь брусчатку, сквозь память, на ощупь

и выйдут на площадь, на Красную площадь.

_____________________________________________________________

 [4] http://chegdomyn.narod.ru/mysei/fotogalerej.html

И было б всем сладко, и было б не поздно,

чтоб в небе пылали Кремлевские звезды.

Так держат нас с Вами бессмертные нити.

Родные, живите, до ста лет живите.

Мир, Вами спасенный, сегодня, как птица.

По небу, как в сказке, летает планета.

О, дайте обнять Вас, к ногам преклониться –

Ведь Ваша Победа! Ведь Ваша Победа![5]

We decided to prepare the materials for the school exhibition devoted to the Victory Day. You can see these materials at the end of our paper work.

Every year we are further and further away from the war period. But time has no power over what people went through the war. The theme of the Great Patriotic War will not to excite people, to reopen old wounds. Memory and history merged together. No one will ever be able to forget the difficult years in our history, the years of heroism and courage of the Russian people. There is no bound to the greatness of their achievements for the country!

6. Sources of information.

1. Книга памяти. Часть 5.-Хабаровск, Администрация Хабаровского края, Хабаровский городской комитет ветеранов войны, 2007.-с.504-505;
2. Профессиональное образование Хабаровского края в годы Великой Отечественной войны 1941-1945 г.г., автор: Касаткина Н. А., руководитель музея «Истории начального профессионального образования Хабаровского края», г. Хабаровск 2004 г.;Вестник начального профессионального образования хабаровского края, декабрь 2003 № 1, «Вклад трудовых резервов в развитие Хабаровского края», издательский центр КНМЦ; 
3. Общественно-политическая газета  Верхнебуреинского района Хабаровского края «Рабочее слово» № 5-7, 2015 г.;
4. Методическая разработка Чупиной Н.П. «История профессионального образования в Верхнебуреинском районе», 2004г.;
5. Дорогами испытаний и побед: из воспоминаний верхнебуреинцев- участников Великой Отечественной войны.-Чегдомын, 2005.-с.104;
6. Книга памяти. Часть 3.- Администрация Хабаровского края, Хабаровский городской комитет ветеранов войны, 1998.-с.181-182;
7. Книга памяти. Часть 4.- Администрация Хабаровского края, Хабаровский городской комитет ветеранов войны, 2005.-с.701-702;
8. Священный огонь Победы. 65-летию победы советского народа над фашизмом посвящается. Хабаровский край в годы Великой Отечественной войны 1941-1945гг.-ООО издательская фирма «Жар-птица», 2010.-с.136;

[5] Владислав Ирхин.  26 апреля 2011 года

9. Тимошенко Л.С., Верхнебуреинцы в Великой Отечественной войне: из летописи района/Л.Тимошенко// материал краеведческого музея п. Чегдомын;
10. https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/
11. http://www.kmslib.ru/questions/
12. www.museum.ru/M1434 - официальная страница
        МежпоселенческийЧегдомынский краеведческий музей - W1623, официальный сайт vb-muzeum77.narod.ru/
13. http://chegdomyn.narod.ru/mysei/fotogalerej.html
14. https://www.google.ru/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0CBwQFjAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ippk.ru%2Fattachments%2Farticle%2F3477%2F%25D0%259C%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D1%2582%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%2520%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0%25D1%2581%25D1%2581%2520%25D0%25A7%25D0%25B5%25D1%2580%25D0%25BD%25D1%258B%25D1%2588%25D0%25B5%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0.pptx&ei=mAf9VNqeN8L7ywPr-4DYDA&usg=AFQjCNHmLmZP11dX6_j8dt8vAVXwKEhJ1A&bvm=bv.87611401,d.bGQ&cad=rjt

Appendix 1.

7. Added files.

• Фотография мемориального комплекса «Последняя атака» в п. Чегдомын

Памятник сооружен по предложению комсомола и ветеранов Великой Отечественной войны в год 30-летия Победы и открыт 9 мая 1975 года в 11 часов утра.

Мемориальный комплекс, в центре которого находится скульптура солдата, бегущего в бой, называется "Последняя атака". Он увековечивает память воинов Верхнебуреинского района, погибших в Великой Отечественной войне.

Автор мемориального комплекса Ю.А. Кукуев, исполнители - скульптурный цех города Хабаровска.

Мемориал включает:

• Фигуру воина Великой Отечественной войны на постаменте.
• Памятную стелу.
• Стену, где указаны все фамилии погибших в Великой Отечественной войне верхнебуреинцев.
• Мемориальный огонь, который зажигается в День Победы.

Мемориал - уникальное место, не зря же его посещают и молодожены, и выпускники на Последний звонок и на 1 сентября. Также около постамента на 9 мая стоит почетный караул. Это уже стало традицией, это дань уважения, памяти тем, кто защитил нашу свободу.

Appendix2.

• Герои войны-наши земляки.