Презентация "История социальной работы в разных странах"

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Министерство образования и науки Амурской области государственное Образовательное Автономное учреждение среднего профессионального учреждения «Амурский Педагогический колледж» History of social work in different countries Выполнила: Поддубная З аряна Студентка 342 группы Специальность «040401 социальная работа» Проверил: Коновалова Л ариса Б орисовна 2014г

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Glossary : 1. Society of the Blue cross -общество Синего креста. 2. German congress - Немецкий конгресс 3. С haritable union -благотворительный союз 4. Private guardianship- частное попечительство 5. Expert- эксперт 6. Social policy- социальная политика 7. Social security- социальное обеспечение 8. Pension- пенсия 9. Insurance- страхование 10. Legislation- законодательство 11. Law- закон

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GERMANY In 1880 at the initiative of the German congress on charity the German charitable union of care of the poor was founded. In 1919 it was renamed on the German congress of charity into the German union of the state and private guardianship. Under the charter approved, meeting members of the Union on October 2, 1991 .

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Experts are divided on the commissions : social help and social policy; help to a family , help to health care; the help to disabled people since childhood. Social work is connected with the help, leaving and leaving concerning the client. The social worker is in general occupied with the solution of social problems. Introduction of social work becomes important political factor .

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The state set for social workers the task of overcoming by their clients of dependence on the social help, inclusion once the unemployed in the processes happening on a labor market. Other principles of development of the social state which justified itself and on which there is in work a future are understood also.

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Norway Today it is possible to meet examples of social security. Norway (with the population about 4 million people) often defines as a condition of the general welfare with mixed economy. The organization of public management is founded on three levels: state, regional, municipal.

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At the state level the most important success in social security - the law of the state insurance (1966) which is operated by Ministry of Health and social problems. The most part of activity of regional councils - responsibility for institutes of protection of health which include: hospitals, day nursery. Total of places at these institutes 153 on 10 000 inhabitants.

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At municipal activity of level in the field of protection of health and social work it is adjusted by some actions. Social protection according to the act 1964 provides the social and economic help to the one who has no right for any payments for pension according to the scheme of the state insurance and who isn't capable to support existence.

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At municipal level there are also services which aren't fixed yet by the special legislation. Among them: - the centers of volunteers which task includes adjustment of communication between people who want to help, and those who needs the help. - the services working with conflicting parties, as alternative of police: this discussion of conditions of the civil contract between the criminal and the victim. - youth clubs will organize youth activity (from 10 to 16 years) with the purpose to prevent crime and consumption of drugs.

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Exists: - Shelter for women: shelter and treatment for women who are exposed to violence in families. Here they can remain before situation change. - The centers for refugees: the temporary shelter including rendering the social help and adaptation to this social system. - Institutes, shelters, private houses in which the care and leaving for aged and disabled people is carried out. Now the preference is given to low-local private and public institutes.

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SWEDEN Possesses system of the social help through many centuries. Local authorities bear responsibility for the help to her worthy needing poor people with 1763. However, for the 1990th political importance of the social help in Sweden considerably grew.

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In Sweden the system social service started developing with the XIX century end. The most important laws in the social sphere now are: the law about social service 1981 having two additions: "about obligatory service of youth" and "about the obligatory help to alcoholics and addicts"; law on medical tinning and health protection of 1983, law on providing social services to mentally retarded citizens of 1986.

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Thus each citizen has the right for social security even in places of a temporary residence Work of municipal and regional committees is carried out in the following main directions: 1 . improvement social living conditions of separate categories of citizens, such as families with children, pensioners, disabled people. 2 . separate work with people and families on certain problems.

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For execution of social tasks in sweden 1000 experts are let out annually. Administrative regional courts are occupied with protection of the social rights of citizens. The system of the social help in sweden , and also in other countries, is completely included in system of the social security taken in broad aspect. Thus it is connected with systems of social insurance, policy in the field of a family and on a labor market.

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USA The system of social security of the USA followed from large-scale reforms which were executed in the mid-thirties. Later, in 1935, the american president franklin roosevelt (franklin delano roosevelt ) offered on a reason to the congress of the USA the draft of the legislation concerning system of social security.

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Accepted by the congress in 1939 of the amendment to the law on social security which created privileges for people who are in dependence in pensioners and the sick workers, the turned system of an insurance aged in the family program. In the 1950th years the program was expanded and was expanded on many other professions which were originally excluded because of the difficulties connected with a collection of information on the sizes of a salary in some offices.

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RUSSIA As major factors of formation of branch of knowledge, in a novelty for Russia, establishes Goskomtruda SSSR (1991) decree about introduction of new professional qualification – the social worker and introduction of the same specialty in educational institutions on various forms of the given education. With 1992 researches in the field of history and the theory of social work begin. And, in modern works it consider either internal, or foreign experience. In Russia, thus, it is not enough researches in the field of history of social work that there can be an impression that it appeared only at the beginning of the 90th of XX in, but on the majority - that business the history of social work in totals of Russia is more than one thousand years.

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After adoption of christianity by the center of the social help there were churches and monasteries. Society of the blue cross created in 1882 in petersburg , was one of the first special charitable societies of russia of the help to poor and unsuccessful children. Used various forms of the help to children: contempt shelters, elementary schools, vocational schools.

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Social work as professional activity starts developing in the early nineties. To the organization of a new kind of activity and creation of a network of establishments "pushed" an economic crisis and growth of social problems in society which resulted from disintegration of uniform social, economic and geopolitical space.

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Process of formation of the social help in Russia – the phenomenon of long character. It yet has no historical end and registration. The developing paradigm of the help and support to the needing represents difficult set of historical public forms of protection and doctrines, traditions and customs, laws and individual irrational actions and acts.

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List of references 1. Кузьмин К.В., Сутырин Б.А. История социальной работы за рубежом и в России ( с древности до начала XX века ). – М: Академический проект; Екатеринбург: Деловая книга, 2002. – 480с. 2. Материалы по истории социальной работы в России. Учебное пособие для вузов/Под ред. П.Я. Циткилова . – Новочеркасск, 1996. – С. 110. 3. Основы социальной работы. Учебник / Под ред. П.Д. Павленок . – М., 1997. – С. 27. 4. Основы социальной работы: Учебник/ Отв. ред. П. Д. Павленок . – 2-е изд., испр . И доп. ИНФРА - М, 2001.- 388с.- ( Серия «Высшее образование») 5. Смолина Е.В.http ://www.coolreferat.com/История_социальной_работы_в_России_часть=4 6. Социальная работа / Под общей редакцией проф. В.И. Курбатова. – Ростов-на-Дону, 1999. – С. 7. Фирсов М.В. Антология социальной работы в России. – Т. 1-3. – М., 1994-1995. – С. 44.