СМИ

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The mass media: Newspaper

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A newspaper is a scheduled publication containing news about c urrent events, informative articles, diverse features and advertising. It usually is printed on relatively inexpensive, low- grade paper such as newsprint.

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The forerunners of newspapers are the news reports, which were distributed in Rome to inform people with the events, that took place in the city. Scrolls, copied by hand, were published on the main squares of the city, or other public places. The world's first printed newspaper was the "Capital Gazette", which was first published in China in the VIII century. It contained the decrees of the emperor and reports on major events. Nothing has changed in newspapers, until the invention of Johann Gutenberg's printing press in Germany in 1450's, allowing making copies of texts and images without resorting to the scribes. But the newspapers were still very expensive for the ordinary people. The History of the first newspapers.

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On the 19 th of January in 1703, the first Russian printed newspaper called “ Vedomosti ” was published. The Emperor Peter I has considered this event as a very important one and even taken part in the creation of its first edition. The basic content of the “ Vedomosti ” newspaper was about the success of Russian army, construction of ships, educational news, news about life in other cities of Russia and Europe, the description of weather and natural disasters.

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Why are newspapers still so popular ?

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Newspapers remain one of the most popular media because of the special, peculiar only to them, qualities, due to the fixation of the information on paper. Firstly, the reader has the opportunity, due to the bold type headings and subheadings, to get acquainted with all information, published in the newspaper, choose the most important articles and put aside the reading of less important ones.

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The second advantage of the newspapers is their usability. You can hold papers with you and read it everywhere, not disturbing people by loud noises of radio or TV. So, that’s the main reason for the majority of people to buy this kind of media and read news, for instance, in the subway or in the park.

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However, even the papers have their disadvantages. While the television, radio and the Internet transmit the information continuously and efficiently, all newspapers are doomed to a discreteness of the editions. Now the papers can be daily or weekly ones, but they can’t be published every hour to inform people with the breaking news because of the difficulties in printing and delivering them to the different parts of the country.

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The most popular newspaper in Great Britain: “The Times”. According to the ”Nielsen Net Ratings” the most popular UK newspapers are “ The Guardian”, “The Daily Telegraph” and, of course, the main paper of the country “the Times”. The Times is a British daily national newspaper, first published in London in 1785 under the title The Daily Universal Register (it became The Times on 1 January 1788). The Times and its sister paper The Sunday Times (founded in 1821) are published by Times Newspapers company. The Times and The Sunday Times do not share editorial staff, were founded independently and have only had common ownership since 1967. In a 2009 national readership survey ” The Times” was found to have the largest numbers of readers in London of any of the "quality" papers. The British Business Survey named The Times as the UK's leading daily newspaper for business people.

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The 68 th school newspaper “School Kaleidoscope” “School Kaleidoscope” is our local school newspaper, which is usually created by me, Rita and Kate. In the paper our journalists usually tell students and teachers about school events, problems and our talented people and their achievements. The idea of creating a school newspaper came up with our teacher, Tatyana Vasiljevna, who organized the editorial board of the newspaper. Now we have two correspondents, two designers, the main redactor, a photographer and a corrector. Since the first term of this year we have already released six editions with a great amount of information and various reports.

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Our newspaper is a monthly one and it usually tells about the recent events, happened in our school, and has the main, serious important theme. So, the first edition was devoted to The teachers’ day and contained a lot of congratulations from students and even the head teacher. We hope, as a first experience, it was a good paper. The second edition was a small one and was published to sum up the results of the Self-government day. The third paper was about some talented students of the school, the forth one was devoted to the New Year holiday, the fifth edition was about The minute of Glory, the theme of the sixth paper was The Speech Rights, and the last one was about the Elections and the Shrovetide. The next edition of the “School Kaleidoscope” is going to be about the Healthy Way of Life. It will be published at the beginning of the 4 th term, you’ll see it in a usual place on the first floor.

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Firstly, when we begin working on a new edition, we start collecting articles and reports, taking interviews and asking our students questions on the main theme of the edition. When everything is prepared and printed, we should make it all out. Usually we create the paper at home, and this work takes us two or three days of work. We buy a big sheets of drawing paper and begin gluing the material. The design of every edition is individual, but it’s usually a different variations of branches and leaves.

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The 5 th and the 3d editions of The “School Kaleidoscope”

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In our future we are not going to become journalists, but we believe, that taking part in creation of the school newspaper, we’ll have a great experience. We understand now, how interesting and important this profession is, and we can say for sure, we can write articles!:D Don’t forget to read “School Kaleidoscope”! Thanks a lot for your attention!:3

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The End.