Донские казаки

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Appearance The representatives of different nationalities joined the Cossack * s Brotherhood : the Russians , the Belorussians , the Ukrainians , the Poles , the Tatars, the Turks, the Kalmuks and many others and this fact influenced the formation of the Don Cossacks type. Wordlist Representatives- представители ; Brotherhood- братсво ; Influence – влияние ; Formation- образование ;

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The economic way of life, trade, crafts The basis of the economic life of the Cossacks was agriculture. The land was the property of Yurt village. Residents were also Beekeeping . Excess production of usually were sold at the fair . Wordlist Trade- торговля ; production- производство ; Excess- избыток ; fair- ярмарка ; Crafts- ремёсла ; sold- проданный ; Beekeeping- пчеловодство ; basis- основы ; Property- собственность ; Agriculture- сельское хозяйство ; Residents- жители ;

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House of the don Cossack In the 19 th century Cossacks used to build 3-roomed houses : all the rooms of it ( a hall, a kitchen , a sitting room ) communicate with each other. Usually the walls in the sitting room were decorated with drawings and engravings showing battles , parades there were family portraits and portraits of tsar and their families ,portraits of atamans . In stanitsas one could see houses on high piles because of spring floods. Wooden houses were seldom built.If they built them,they used strips of wood , outside the walls were coated with clay . Cossacks used willow as a building material. Traditionally , they painted their houses dark-blue , cornices were white, doors and floors – brown , and shutters were yellow. Houses made of clay they painted white and shutters of such houses were yellow. Wordlist Shutter – ставня engraving- гравюра Pile- свая strips of wood – планки Hostess -хозяйка clay- глина

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The Don cuisine Cossacks cuisine was influenced by food tradition of people of different nationalities that joined the Cossacks Brotherhood (the Ukrainians , the Kalmyks and Russian people ) . They did not have cookery books then and old recipes had been conveyed from a mother to a daughter . Plenty of meat has long been available . Roast and boiled meat has always been the Cossacks first choice. If they did not have meat they had plenty of excellent fish. Simple food , meat, fish accompanied by incredible amount of bread, porridge, vegetables and wine – was and often still is the Cossack style of eating. Pies with fish and meat are another Cossacks favorite . Wordlist Cuisine- кухня celery- сельдерей Cookery books – кулинарные книги Convery - передавать parsley- петрушка Sample- пробовать

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Cossack costume At home and during the campaigns Cossacks wore homespun clothes : peasant*s coats, cloaks , Caucasian cloaks ,trousers, shirts, leather boots and belts. Cossacks had morocco boots on their feet and marten hats (with velvet ton) on their heads. All C ossacks were armed. Women*s clothes were similar to Turkish and Tatar once. Wordlist Campaigns- походы , кампании ; Homespun- домотканый ; Cloaks- плащи ; Peasant*s coat – зипун ; Caucasian cloaks – бурка ; Velvet- бархат ; Chevron- нашивки ; Morocco boots- сафьяновые сапоги ; Marten hat- шапки из куницы ;