Доклад о достопримечательностях Лондона и Москвы.

МБОУ «Габишевская СОШ»

Лаишевского муниципального района РТ

Доклад на тему:

Достопримечательности Лондона и Москвы.

Различия и сходства интересных мест.

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Подготовила: Гарипова А.И.

Проверила: Фазулзянова Г.Ф.

London  

London is the capital of Great Britain, the largest city of the European Union and one of the leading tourist destinations in the world. The city stands on the River Thames and has been founded by the Romans. Its original name was Londinium. Today, it’s a global city which attracts people from all over the world with its strengths in arts, education, finance, media and, of course, tourism. The city is also known for its national and cultural diversity. More than 300 languages are spoken there. It is noteworthy that London contains four World Heritage Sites, including the Tower of London, Greenwich, Kew Gardens and the Palace of Westminster with its abbey and church. Other remarkable sights include the London Eye ferris wheel, Big Ben, Buckingham Palace, the Houses of Parliament, Hyde Park, the British Museum, Piccadilly Circus, Nelson’s Column, West End theatres, London Aquarium and many other worth visiting places. It is obvious that people of any profession, hobby or interest will find what to see or what to do in London. The city offers a variety of places of natural, cultural and historical significance, as well as leisure and amusement activities.

Most famous tourist attractions of London are situated in the central area of the city and most of the West End. One of the most iconic landmarks is the Palace of Westminster. Connecting the House of Lords and the House of Commons, it is the main center of political life in the UK. The Tower of London, built in the 11th century, is another outstanding landmark of the area. This historic castle is situated on the north bank of the River Thames. Its Crown Jewels and famous ravens attract millions of tourists every year. The Tower serves as a Royal Palace and fortress at the same time. Kew Gardens or the Royal Botanic Gardens hold the world’s largest collection of living plants. The site is in the southwest part of London and comprises 121 hectares of gardens and botanical glasshouses. The historic settlement of Greenwich is known for its Royal Observatory, which marks the Prime Meridian, 0° longitude and GMT.

There are a number of unique tourist attractions in London. For example, Big Ben – the largest four-faced chiming clock in the world. London Eye is both for sightseeing and amusement. It’s a giant observation wheel in the center of London which offers visitors the 30-minute ride to reveal great panoramic views over the city. The wheel comprises of 32 capsules each with the capacity of 25 people. One of the tourists’ favorites is the Piccadilly Circus. It’s a road junction and a round open space at the West End which is the location of several notable sights, including the Royal Academy, the Ritz Hotel, the British Academy of Film and Television Arts, etc. One of the must-see places in London is Buckingham Palace – the official residence of Queen Elizabeth. Every day tourists gather in front of the palace to see the Changing of the Guard ceremony, which is rather spectacular. London’s largest museum is the British Museum. It houses one the most impressive archeological collections in the world. Plenty of historical sites can be found in Hyde Park. It was first opened in 1627 and is famous for its Speaker’s Corner. Tourists and Londoners come here to rest at its vast green areas.

Russia

Every year millions of tourists visit Russia. There are many different reasons for travelling to Russia. First of all, it is the largest country in the world. Secondly, it is full of historical, architectural and natural wonders. Thirdly, Russia is a hospitable country, where visitors can easily feel at home. According to national traditions guests are always welcomed with bread and salt. With the population over 140 million people, Russia spans eleven time zones and two continents. The culture of the country contains western and eastern features. A visit to Russia can become a fascinating adventure. The cities that one should definitely visit include Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Kazan, Yekaterinburg, Sochi, Rostov-on-Don, and, of course, the “Golden Ring” towns. These places will help to learn more about rich Russian history. There are lots of museums, art galleries, historical monuments, ancient cathedrals, palaces of the czars. Apart from that, there are unique landscapes, endless forests, several mountain ranges and crystal-clear water reservoirs.

Moscow is the biggest city of Russia and its capital. The city is situated on the Moskva River and was found more than 800 years ago. Nowadays, Moscow is one of the most beautiful cities in the world. It houses many attractive parks and squares, great architectural wonders and countless places of interest. Special attention is always put to the city center, as there are the most famous sights. Among them, the outstanding Kremlin and the Red Square, the Bolshoi and the Maly Theaters, Saint Basil's Cathedral, the Historical Museum, the Armoury Chamber and many others. Moscow is not only the official capital of Russia, it’s also considered to be the cultural, educational, industrial and scientific center of the country. That’s why, the largest and most important museums, galleries, opera houses, universities, companies, research centers are all situated there. The best place for art lovers in Moscow is the Tretyakov State Gallery, which holds a large collection of Russian fine art. Another interesting collection of paintings and sculptures is held in the Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts. In the very heart of the capital one can find the Historical Museum and the Armoury chamber. Both these museums can tell more about Russian history than any other place. One of the newest and most famous religious sights in Moscow is The Cathedral of Christ the Saviour. It’s situated on the bank of the Moskva River and is known as the tallest Orthodox church in the world. The view of Christ the Saviour’s Cathedral strikes imagination with its grandeur and magnificence. Other than that, Moscow has a great number of famous parks, squares, theaters, monuments, streets and concert halls. Undoubtedly, Moscow is a very special city.

The Kremlin is a medieval fortress in the very heart of Moscow. It consists of numerous ancient palaces, golden-domed cathedrals and the Kremlin Wall with its towers. Its magnificent architectural ensemble stands high above the Moskva River. Starting from 1991 the Kremlin has become the presidential residence. Neighboring sights are the Alexander Garden and Red Square. The spectacular Saint Basil’s is also in the central part of the city. It used to be a church, but now serves as a museum. The building reminds the flame of a bonfire that touches the sky. Its aesthetic beauty and uniqueness are well-known in the world. Ostankino Tower is located in Ostankino district, after which the tower is named. It is one of the tallest free-standing structures in the world. Built to commemorate the anniversary of October Revolution, the tower today attracts a vast number of curious tourists. Tsaritsyno Park is one of the most attractive historic parks in all of Russia. Situated in the southern part of Moscow, it’s a romantic and somewhat mysterious place with a pseudo-Gothic mansion. The park has recently undergone a large-scale restoration.

The Triumphal Arch of Moscow is an architectural monument with a large solemn arch, which was built to mark the victory of Russian people in the Patriotic War of 1812. The earliest wooden structure was replaced by solid brick construction. The current arch is designed in the second half of the 20th century by Joseph Bove.Novodevichy Convent is a Russian Orthodox church founded in 1524 in honor of the conquest of Smolensk. Today, it’s an active cloister and historical museum.The “Friendship of Nations” fountain is one of the main symbols of All-Russian Exhibition Center. This grand structure of historical, cultural and national importance was built in 1954. It consists of 16 gilded female statues, each representing the former USSR republics. The fountain is nicely illuminated at night and looks mysterious. The Pushkin Museum of Fine Arts holds one of the largest foreign art collections in Russia. It presents the works of art from ancient times to the present day. There are more than 670 thousand at items there. Annual attendance is about 1 million people. One of the largest theatres in Russia, the Bolshoi Theatre, is of world significance in the field of opera and ballet. The complex of its buildings is located in the central part of Moscow, on Theatre Square.