Учебный материал для практического занятия по теме "Россия"
учебно-методический материал

total area – общая площадь

to occupy – занимать

to stretch from …to – протянуться от … до

to be bordered by – граничить с чем-л.

to comprise smth. – включать что-л.

to vary from smth. to smth. – варьироваться от чего-л. до чего-л.

a barren desert – бесплодная пустыня

a high peaked mountain – горная вершина

a deep valley – глубокая долина

to be located – быть расположенным

a plain – равнина

a mountain chain – горная цепь

to separate Europe from Asia – отделять что-л. от чего-л.

to flow into – впадать во что-л.

climate – климат

arctic – арктический

continental – континентальный

subtropical – субтропический

the current population –население на данный период

kilometer – километр

east – восток

west – запад

south – юг

north – север

midland – центральная часть страны

highland – горная местность

maritime – морской

vast – обширный

temperate – умеренный

consist of – состоять из

constituent – правомочный, наделенный властью

to be recognized by – быть признанным кем-л.

1. [i:]

2. [eı]

3. [ɔ:]

4. [α:]

5. [e]

6. [ou]

7. [aı ]

8. [ʌ]

a. stretch

b. comprise

c. plain

d. north

e. vast

f.

current

g.

east

h. total

1

The scenery of Russia is very different. We have steppes in the south, plains and forests in the midland, tundra and taiga in the north, highlands and deserts in the east. There are two Great Plains in Russia: the Great Russian Plain and the West Siberian Lowland. The largest mountain chains on the country's territory are the Urals that separate Europe from Asia, the Caucasus, and the Altai. The Caucasus stretches from the Black Sea to the Caspian Sea. The highest point is situated there. It is Mount Elbrus (5,642 m). The Altai contains Mount Belukha which is the highest point of Siberia (4,506 m).

2

The current population of Russia is about 50 million people; 82 % of the population are Russians.

Since March 18, 2014, the Russian Federation comprises eighty-nine federal subjects. Russia consists of the following subjects – 22 republics, 9 krais, 48 oblasts, 3 federal cities, 1 autonomous oblast, and 4 autonomous okrugs.

3

The Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. It occupies about one-seventh of the earth's surface. It covers the eastern part of Europe and the northern part of Asia. Its total area is 17,075,200 square km (without the Crimea). The coasts of Russia are washed by 12 seas of three ocean basins: the Atlantic Ocean (the Baltic Sea, the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov), the Arctic Ocean (the Barents Sea, the White Sea, the Kara Sea, the Laptev Sea, the East Siberian Sea and the Chukchee Sea) and the Pacific Ocean (the Bering Sea, the Sea of Okhotsk and the Sea of Japan).  

4

There are over two million rivers in Russia. Europe's biggest river, the Volga, flows into the Caspian Sea. The main Siberian Rivers, the Ob, the Yenisei and the Lena, flow from the south to the north. The Amur in the Far East flows into the Pacific Ocean. Russia is rich in beautiful lakes. The three largest lakes in Russia are Lake Baikal in the South-Eastern Siberia and Lake Ladoga and Lake Onega in the Northern Russia. The world's deepest lake is Russia's Lake Baikal. The water in the lake is so clear that if you look down you can count the stones on the bottom.

5

From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, the Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the USA by Alaska across the Bering Strait.

6

On the vast territory of the country there are various types of climate, from arctic in the north to subtropical in the south. In the middle of the country the climate is temperate and continental.

1) What territory does Russia occupy?

2) What countries does it border on?

3) What plains is it located on?

4) What are the longest mountain chains?

5) What sea does Europe’s biggest river flow into?

6) What river flows into the Pacific Ocean?

7) What are the largest lakes of Russia?

8) How does the climate in Russia vary?

9) How many federal subjects does Russia consist of?

1) Russia occupies …

1)… thick forests and barren deserts.

2) The federation comprises …

2)… more countries than any other country in the world.    

3) Russia borders on …

3)… the Baltic Sea in the West to the Pacific Ocean in the East.

4) There are many …

4)… continental.

5) Our country stretches from…

5)… two million rivers in Russia.

6) The main Siberian rivers are …

6)… about 17 million square kilometres.

7) There are …

7) … eighty-five federal subjects.

8) The climate in the central part of  the country is …

8)… the Ob, the Yenisei, the Lena.

9) The climate in the south is …

9) under the Arctic climate.

10) The people in the north live …

10) … subtropical.

Great Britain is situated to the northwest of Europe on the British Isles. It is made up of England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Great Britain is surrounded by seas on all sides and is separated from the continent by the North Sea and the English Channel. The climate of Britain is mild and warm because of the warm Gulf Stream. Most of the mountains are in the north, in Scotland, but they are not very high.

What is the geographical position of your country? What is the climate there? What are the longest rivers, the deepest lakes and the highest mountains in your country?