Презентация на тему "Вакцинация"
презентация к уроку

Слайд 1

Слайд 2

Vaccine action One of the most effective ways of preventing the spread of infectious disease is to prime the immune system through vaccination. A vaccine trains the immune system to launch a fast and furious attack on a pathogen.

Слайд 3

Safety first Contagious diseases can be contained if a sufficient number of people are vaccinated. Vaccination also helps people who have an existing medical condition that may be worsened by the effects of the disease.

Слайд 4

Herd immunity Vaccinating a significant portion (around 80 per cent) of a population can help provide immunity even to those who have not been vaccinated. When the disease is passed to vaccinated individuals, their primed immune system destroys it, preventing it from spreading further. This can help protect people who can't be vaccinated due to age or illness. Widespread vaccination can eliminate diseases entirely, such as smallpox.

Слайд 5

To vaccinate or not? Controversy exists over the use of vaccines. Scares over possible side effects have led some parents to refuse to have their children vaccinated, which has resulted in outbreaks of preventable diseases, such as measles and whooping cough. If only a small portion of the population is vaccinated, herd immunity breaks down

Слайд 6

Why do vaccine make you feel ill ? Vaccines stimulate an immune response, which can stimulate symptoms in some people. But it means the vaccine is doing what it’s supposed to.

Слайд 7

Types of vaccines Each vaccine developed for a specific pathogen and is designed to kickstart the immune system. This is done by injecting a harmless version of the pathogen that the immune system will remember if attacked by the real pathogen. This can be difficult - killing the pathogen may make it safe, but the vaccine may not produce an immune Response - There are also some diseases that progress so quickly, the immune’s memory system may not respond in time so booster immunizations are given to keep reminding the immune system

Слайд 8

Inactivated The pathogen is killed using, heat reaction or chemicals Used for influenza cholera and bubonic plague vaccine

Слайд 9

DNA DNA from the pathogen is injected into the body, whose own cells take up this DNA and start to produce proteins from the pathogen, which triggers an immune response. Used for Japanese encephalitis vaccine.

Слайд 10

Tame toxins Toxic compounds released by the pathogen, which are responsible for the illness, are deactivated using heat, radiation, or chemicals. Used for tetanus and diphtheria vaccines.

Слайд 11

Pieces of pathogen Pieces of pathogen Fragments of the pathogen, such as proteins on the surface of the cell, are used instead of the whole pathogen. Used for vaccines against hepatitis В and human papilloma virus (HPV).