Подготовка к ОГЭ и ЕГЭ

Суффиксы

Исходное слово

Производное существительное

-er/or

Teach, work, mix

Teacher, worker, runner, player, mixer

-er/ee

employ

Employer, employee

-ation, -ition

Invite, revolt

Invitation, revolution

-ing

Build, dance, swim

Building, dancing, swimming

-ment

Agree, develop

Agreement, development

-ion, -tion,
-sion

Discuss, produce

Discussion, production

-ent, -ant

Assist, study

Assistant, student

-ence, -ance

Perform, depend

Performance, dependence

Суффиксы

Исходное слово

Производное существительное

-ist

Science, tour

Scientist, tourist

-an, -ian

Republic, America

Republican, American

-ation, -ition

Invite, revolt

Invitation, revolution

-ing

Build, dance, swim

Building, dancing, swimming

-ment

Agree, develop

Agreement, development

-ship

friend

Friendship, partnership

-hood

brother

Brotherhood, childhood, motherhood

-ese

China, Japan

Chinese, Japanese

-ess

Actor, lion

Actress, lioness

Суффиксы

Исходное слово

Производное существительное

-ness

Happy, midly

Happiness, mildliness

-ty, -ity

Certain, safe, secure

Certainty, safety, security

Суффиксы

Исходное слово

Производное прилагательное

-ful

beauty

beautiful

-less

water

waterless

-able

comfort

comfortable

-al

form

formal

-ic

history

historic

-y

Mud, rain

Muddy, rainy

Суффиксы

Исходное слово

Производное прилагательное

-ive

Act, effect

Active, effective

-ant

observe

observant

-ible

access

accessible

-able

drink

drinkable

-ent

persist

persistent

-ing

excite

exciting

Существительное + прилагательное

Snow-white

Прилагательное + прилагательное

Dark-blue

Наречие +причастие

Well-built

Прилагательное + существительное (+ суффикс)

Barefooted, bareheaded, black-haired, middle-aged

Приставка

Значение, особенности

Производное прилагательное

Un-

Наиболее употребительная

Unable, untidy, unpleasant, unfriendly

Im-

Перед буквами m, p

Impossible, immoral, impatient, important

Il-

Перед буквой l

Illiterate, illegal

Ir-

Перед буквой r

Irritated, irresponsible, irrational

In-

очень редко

Inactive, inaccurate, invisible

Dis-

лишение

Disable, disappointed

Non-

лишение

Non-profitable

Mis-

лишение

mistaken

Приставка

Значение

Производное слово

Re-

повтор

Replay, repeat, remake

Pre-

до

Pre-war, precaution

Post-

после

Post-war

ex-

бывший

Ex-wife, ex-president

En-

Глаголы от существительных

Endanger, enchain

Over-

Сверх меры

Overcharge, overweight

Under-

недостаточно

Underpay, underestimate

sub-

под

Submarine, subdue

Приставка

Значение

Пример

mono- , uni-

один, единственный

monopoly, unison

bi-, di-, duo-

два, дважды

bilingual, diagonal, duet

tri-

три

triangle

quad-, tetra-

четыре

quadruped, tetrameter

quin-

пять

quintuplet

hexa-, sex-

шесть

hexagon, sextet

sept-

семь

septennial

oct-, octa-, octo-

восемь

octave, octopus

nona-

девять

nonagenarian

dec-, deci-

десять

decimal

cent-, hec- , hecta-

сто

century, hectare

kilo- , mil-

тысяча

kilometre, millimetre

giga-

биллион

gigawatt

Приставка

Значение

Пример

micro-, mini-

маленький

microscope, miniature

maxi-, mega-

большой, огромный

maximum, megalomaniac

hyper-, super-

сверх, превыше

hyperbole, superhuman

sub-

под, меньше

submarine

ultra-

за, по ту сторону

ultrasound, ultraviolet

Приставка

Значение

Пример

ad-, pro-

к, по направлению к

advance, proceed

retro-

назад

retrospect, retro-rocket

intra-

внутри

intravenous

inter-

между, среди

international, intermingle

extra-

снаружи

extraterrestrial

equi-,
iso-

одинаковый, равный

equilibrium,
isobar

auto-

сам, без посторонней помощи

autobiography

homo-

такой же

homonym,
homosexual

hetero-

различный, другой

heterodox,
heterosexual

dia-,
per-,
trans-

через, сквозь

diameter,
percolate,
transport

pan-

все

panorama

para-

рядом, бок о бок

parallel,
para-medical

cata-

вниз, прочь

catacomb

ante-,
pre-

прежде

antenatal,
premeditated

post-

после

posthumous

tele-, telos-

далеко

telescope

Приставка

Значение

Пример

аеrо-

воздух

aerodynamic, aerosol

anthropo-

человек

anthropology

bio-

жизнь

biology, biography

eco-

естественная среда

ecology

electro-

электричество

electronics

fluor-, fluo-

поток, течение

fluorescent, fluoride

haemo-, hemo-

кровь

haemorrhage

neuro-

нерв

neurotic

optic-, opto-

зрение

optician

phil-

любовь к

philanthropy

proto-

первый

prototype

psycho-

разум

psychology

pyro-

огонь

pyrotechnics

socio-

общество

social

spectro-

взгляд, образ

spectrograph

techno-

искусство, ремесло

technical, technology

therm-, thermo-

теплота, жара

thermometer

Noun

Verb

Adjective

Adverb

ABSOLUTE

absolutely

ACTUAL

actually

ADVERTISE

advertisement

AGREE

agreement

disagree

AGREEMENT

disagreement

AMAZE

amazing

APPEAR

appearance

disappear

APPROVE

disapprove

ART

artist

artistic

ATTRACT

attraction

attractive

ATTRACTIVE

unattracive

BANK

banker

BASE

basic

BEAUTY

beautiful

BEGIN

beginning

BUILD

builder

building

CARE

careful

careless

CELEBRATE

celebrity

celebration

CHAMPION

championship

CHANGE

changeable

CHARM

charming

CHEER

cheerful

cheerless

COLOUR

colourful

colorless

COMBINE

combination

COMFORT

discomfort

comfortable

COMFORTABLE

uncomfortable

COMMUNICATE

communication

communicative

COMPETE

competition

COMPLETE

completely

CONNECT

connection

CREATE

creature

creativity

creative

CROWD

crowded

CULTURE

cultural

DANCE

dancer

DANGER

dangerous

DANGEROUS

dangerously

DAY

daily

DECIDE

decision

DEFINITE

definitely

DESIGN

designer

DIFFER

difference

different

DIRECT

direction

DISCUSS

discussion

DRIVE

driver

EASY

easily

ECOLOGY

ecological

EDUCATE

education

educational

EFFECT

effective

EFFECTIVE

ineffective

END

endless

ENERGY

energetic

ENGLAND

English

ENJOY

enjoyable

ENTERTAIN

entertainment

EQUIP

equipment

ESPECIAL

especially

EXACT

exactly

EXCITE

excitement

exciting

EXPECTED

unexpected

EXPENSE

expensive

EXPENSIVE

inexpensive

EXPLAIN

explanation

EXPLORE

explorer

FAIR

unfair

FAME

famous

FANTASY

fantastic

FASHION

fashionable

FINAL

finally

FIT

fitness

FLUENT

fluently

FORGETTABLE

unforgettable

FORTUNATE

fortunately

FORTUNATELY

unfortunately

FRIEND

friendship

friendly

FRIENDLY

unfriendly

FUN

funny

GARDEN

gardener

GEOGRAPHY

geographical

GOVERN

government

HAPPY

unhappy

happily

HARM

harmful

harmless

HEALTH

healthy

unhealthy

HELP

helpful

helpless

HOME

homeless

HUNT

hunter

ILL

illness

IMAGINE

imagination

IMPRESS

impressive

INFORM

information

INTEREST

interesting

INVENT

inventor

KIND

kindness

LEAD

leader

LEARN

learner

LIKE

dislike

LOCATE

location

LOUD

loudly

LOVE

lovely

LUCK

lucky

LUCKY

unlucky

MAIN

mainly

MANAGE

manager

MEAN

meaning

MUSIC

musician

NATION

national

NATIONAL

international

internationally

NATURAL

naturally

NATURE

natural

NATURAL

unnatural

NERVE

nervous

NOISE

noisy

ORGANIZE

organization

ORIGIN

original

OWN

owner

PAINT

painter

painting

PEACE

peaceful

PERFORM

performance

PERSON

personal

PLAY

player

PLEASANT

unpleasant

POPULAR

popularity

POPULATE

population

POSSIBLE

impossible

POWER

powerful

PRACTICE

practical

PROBABLE

probably

PROFESSION

professional

PROTECT

protection

PUNISH

punishment

QUICK

quickly

RAIN

rainy

RARE

rarely

REAL

really

RECENT

recently

REGULAR

regularly

REPORT

reporter

RESPONSIBLE

responsibility

RIDE

rider

RISK

risky

RUSSIA

Russian

SCIENCE

scientist

scientific

SERIOUS

seriously

SING

singer

SITUATE

situation

SLEEP

sleeper

sleepy

SPEAK

speaker

SPICE

spicy

STRESS

stressful

SUCCESS

successful

SUCCESSFUL

unsuccessful

SUGGEST

suggestion

SUN

sunny

SUPPORT

supporter

SURPRISE

surprising

SWIM

swimming

SYMBOL

symbolise

TASTE

tasty

TEACH

teacher

TRADITION

traditional

TRADITIONAL

traditionally

TRAIN

trainer

TRANSLATE

translation

TRAVEL

traveller

UNFORTUNATE

unfortunately

USE

useful

useless

USUAL

unusual

usually

VARY

variety

various

VISIT

visitor

WAIT

waiter

WEALTH

wealthy

WIN

winner

WONDER

wonderful

WONDERFUL

wonderfully

WRITE

writer