Проектная работа " Национальные символы Шотландии"

                  Municipal autonomous educational institution

                        Gymnasium №15 «Commonwealth»

                   National symbols of Scotland

                                                                     Made by

                                                                 Lagutkina Liza 6-B

Leader: Volkova Galina

                                                              Vladimirovna

                                       Novosibirsk 2015

                                               Contents.

1 .   1. Introduction

2.    2. Goal.

3.    3.Tasks.

4.    4. The main part.

            1) The results of the quiz.

        2)  National symbols of Scotland

 5. Conclusion.

6. Sources.

                                   Introduction.

                         Relevance.

  We have learnt a lot of interesting facts about English-speaking countries at our English lessons. Best of all I am interested in Scotland. Scotland is a country with striking scenery, rich culture and many national symbols but  there is not enough information about this beautiful part of Great Britain in our Student’s book that’s why I decided to know more about Scotland . I  asked my classmates what they had known about Scotland  and that they would know about.  I found that they did not know the symbol of Scotland. And I decided to make the project about national symbols of Scotland.  

                             Goal.

  To study the national symbols of Scotland.

                         Tasks.

1. To find information about national symbols of Scotland.
2. To tell pupils about them.

The results of the quiz.

• What is the capital of Scotland?64% right, 14% do not right, 22% do not write.
• What does the flag look like? Что представляет собой флаг Шотландии. 18% right, 32% do not right, 50% do not write.
• What is the hymn of Scotland called? 0% right, 82% do not right, 18% do not write.
• The official animal and the symbol of Scotland. 11% right, 43% do not right, 46% do not write.
• One of the symbols of Scotland. 14% right, 43% do not right, 43% do not write.

 A  Thistle

Thistle- the first national symbol.  It is depicted on many emblems, shield and coins. Why is such a shy flower symbol of Scotland? The legend said that sleeping Scotland army was woken by cries of enemy, which stepped on a prickly thistle bare foot. And the Scots could wake and won the war. After that the plant was called the Guardian. Thistle is a symbol of Scotland more than 500 years. For the first time it was used as emblem on silver coins in the 1470 during the rule of James III. In 1687  was knightly order of thistle where includes members of the Royal family. Knights and ladies-  wore gold chains with thistles as links and also a star on the chest with emblem of thistle and with the motto “never angry me unpunished”. 

An Unicorn

How striking it would sound but official symbol of Scotland is an unicorn.

It may believe if you know how the Scots like the legends and myths. Unicorns were in great honor by the Celts, their  symbolism  construed  almost how today: purity, heal and happiness. The creature was typed on gold coins, during the rule of the king James III. Also it pictured on the emblem of Scotland. Knowing the love of people to the unicorn, it is very strange that  it is depicted  in chains.   The legend had said  the unicorn may tame only a virgin and  in the wild nature it is very dangerous. But another animal of Scotland- the red lion (which was taken during the rule of the king James VI),  isn’t  included in official iconography. May be because it is bright love of the unicorn to the liberty suits to the liberty like Scottish.

    A Bagpipe.

Bagpipe-is an ancient national instrument of Scotland and it isn’t its official symbol. It’ s a tank from the wool of sheep and goats, turns inside out which attaches three Bourdon   pipes(drones), one pipe with eight playing holes(chanter) and special short pipe for blowing air. It has simplified air supply- through for blowing air pipe-gives freedom right hand. Bagpiper fills with air the tank  and  presses it by left elbow, makes sound drones and chanters, which  provides special  tabs(canes) and in drones use single but in chanter double canes make  from  rush.

The next important symbols are royal regalia: scepter, sword and crown. They were made during the rule of the king James 4 and James 5 and  firstly they  were used

together during  Mary Stuart’s coronation in 1543. The history of these  regalia are rich of events. In 1651  they were digged  that they were saved from Oliver Cromwell. After enacting of union in 1707 they were secretly immure in the room of the crown. In 1818 Walter Sсott   broke the room and opened the oak chest, which they were kept. When he found them, passed 111 years since they were digged. 

                                  The flag of Scotland.

Saltire- is called offical flag of Scotland. It looks like blue sheet with white Andrew’ s cross. It is used by the departments of Scotland’s government as one of official symbol. The legend said that the Christian Apostle Andrew the first , patron saint of Scotland , was crucified on the oblique cross. At the end of the 13th century pictures of the cross appeared on the Scotland prints. At the end 14th century circulation  gave the picture of the crucify without the body of the St.Andrew and this symbol(white slash cross) became to name in Scotland heraldry saltire.  In 1385 the Scotland parliament decided that the white cross should picture on armor of all  warriors how in front and behind. The first mention about use saltire how the flag maintain in the book  Vienna Book of Hours, was made in 1503 year. But the white cross  doesn’t depict  no the blue background, it is on the red background.  The blue background appeared in 15th century and the first picture of the blue- white background was in Reester  of Scottish army David Lindcey

  The hymn of  Scotland.

 Scotland does not have the official hymn.  Some songs  claims on the title of national hymn(they are folk and write by modern singer) . One of   them is “Scotland the Brave” (the songwriter is Cliff Hendy), but  almost nobody knows this words. Folk hymn may considered  the song of folk group - The Corries — «The Flower of Scotland» which was written in 1967 by Roy Williams. This song sounds when Scottish  rugby team goes out on the field .  The Scots  think , that the country need a new hymn because the words of «Scotland the Brave» and «Flower of Scotland» describe the historical events of  for past( the victory over the English in 1314) and don’t  have attitude to present Scotland.

The emblem of Scotland.  

On the shield of Scotland emblem the lion is pictured. Two unicorns keep the shield, which are chained. Unicorns  symbolize   indomitable temper of Scottish. Unicorns keep two standards: royal with lion and national with St/Andrew s cross.

At first emblem has only an one motto, situated at the top. In Defens" is a reducing of the motto In My Defens God Me Defend” .  Later at the emblem were added regalia of the order of the thistle- order chain and the motto "Nemo me impune lacessit" situated down.  The emblem existed with minor decorative changes until 1603, when England and Scotland were united under the one crown.

Tartan

Tartan - the traditional Scottish ornament consists of intersecting vertical and horizontal stripes. Many people know there is a system of clans in Scotland. Representatives of many different clans should have distinguishing feature in costume. So  tribal affiliation’ s sign serves tartan. Certain picture of tartan  iscalled sett.

         The word "tuar tan" which occurred "tartan", on Gaelic means colour of place. Each clan projects its own tartan, then he weaves manually from the wool home sheep and became traditional clan tartan. Sodifferent variants of fabrics were developed ^[1], special in every clan and could be determined for his clothes’colour, where  a person was from.

St.Andrew.

Saint Andrew- is the patron saint of Scotland. He was one of the 12th apostles of  Jesus Christos. Besides Scotland St. Andrew is  the heavenly guardian of Russia and Greece. He spread the christian faith,  preached in Scifii and installed the cross on the Kiev hills. In Greece town Patra St. Andrew The relics of saint Andrew stored in St Andrews and Edinburgh. In 62 A. D.  he was crucified on oblique cross.

There are two reasons why St/Andrew became a symbol of Scotland.  In the middle of 4th century by the order of the king Konstantin the Great the relics of St/Andrew were transported from Patras to Constantinople. During the voyage the ship with  monk on board failed crash, but channels and the relics were made on the east coast of Scotland, near the city Five. There was St/Andrew’s settlement founded. The second reason was- bishop Eksemsky that  lived in Scotland in 7-8 century delivered a part of the relics of St/Andrew. The relics got a  Scottish king Angus Maсfergus who had brought them in St/Andrews.  

It was a legend when a king Angus prepared the battle over the army of the king’s Northumbria, He saw a  white cross on the background of the sky. Angus won in the battle and declared St/Andrew the patron saint of the Scotland- .

The relics of the St/Andrew was stored  in St/Andrews

Kilt

     Kilt- is the national dress of Scotland that was worn by men. The kilt look like a piece of the fabric that is wrapped around the body , pleated back and  fixed with the help of 2-3 buckles and belts. Only two species of  kilts are  existed. Kilt was made from the wool fabric with traditional Scottish ornament from the check and stripes-tartan.  

Nowadays many Scots use the kilt how a part of official or marriage costume, every day it is worn only few people. You can  see Scottish kilts in many place during the sport competitions of the Highlander, also  in musical and dancing performances. In British army and the army of some other armies of Great Britain kilt is a part of the military form

The part of national culture of Scotland kilt became recently. Only in the middle  of the 19th century kilt became popular among the  Scottish aristocrats then among people in the plains and in all Scotland.

Conclusion.

                                                Sources.

https://ru.wikipedia.org

http://moikompas.ru/compas/scotland

http://mykilt.ru/scotland/simbols-of-scotland