Проектная работа по теме "Environmental problems and protection of our planet"
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R e sources In the world m ade by Tsyganok Daria and Vasilkina Alexandra from 10 AСлайд 2
Renewable resources Exhaustible ( limited) resources : Resources capable of renewal (renewable) – basically biological (plants and animals). They need to be protected from overuse. In the nature of the principal natural resources are monitored for their numbers, multiply and have many links between them. Soil refers to relatively renewable resources because their rate of formation is very small (cm ( centimeter ) humus is created a few hundred years, and the reconstruction after erosion of the topsoil is a few thousand years). Unlimited natural resources : Water (all water on the planet). Space (sunlight, cosmic radiation, tides). Climate (wind, temperature and atmospheric humidity).
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Non-renewable resources Resources are not able to recover in the foreseeable future, are considered non-renewable. An example is the minerals and the landscape of the earth. All of them should be spent wisely.
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Coal Resources A place where there are deposits of coal, called coal basin. In the world there are more than three and a half thousand. The number of global coal reserves is leading US with 2 8 %, second place Russia – 1 9 % on the third China – 1 3 %. The greatest amount of coal mined in the United States in fields in Kentucky and Pennsylvania, in Illinois and in Alabama, Colorado, Wyoming and Texas. The largest Russian coal deposits: Kuznetsk basin Kansk-Achinsk basin The Tunguska basin Pechora basin Irkutsk- Cheremkhovo basin China's largest deposits are in coal basin Chansina , in the great plain of China, Datong, Yangtze etc.
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Natural Gas Resources Deposits-giants . Natural gas fields in the inventory quantity classify the following groups: 1. Small - up to 10 billion m3; 2. Average – from 10 to 100 billion m3; 3. Large – from 100 to 1 trillion m3; 4. The largest (giant) - 1 to 5 trillion m3; 5. Unique ("super-giant") - more than 5 trillion m3. The country with the largest gas reserves (proven): Russia has the world's largest reserves of natural gas, which at 47.6 trillion. m3. Further, the Iran - 26,6; Qatar - 25,8; Turkmenistan, 17.5 and USA - 9,86 trillion. m3.
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Oil Resources Oil is liquid, usually black or red-brown with a specific smell and bitter feature. Today people get fuei from this substance so we can safely say that this is the most valuable mineral on Earth (along with natural gas). Oil deposits exist in many parts of the world. The largest deposits of oil : 1. Chicontepec (Mexico) Oil i n this place was found in 1926, the current stock of the resource ranges from 19 to 22 billion tons. 2. Al- Ghawar (Saudi Arabia) Unique oil field located in Saudi Arabia, the Persian Gulf. Oil reserves are estimated at 20 billion tons. It is the largest developed deposits of black gold in the world, its dimensions are 280 by 30 km. 3. Big Burgan (Kuwait) Fuel reserves amount is up to 13 billion tons. Oil production in Borgani began in 1946.
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Gasoline is got by refining oil, natural gas, peat, coal, etc. Raw material which is used for the production of gasoline - oil: more than 20% of the oil which is produced in the world is processed into gasoline. In our time we are familiar with gasoline due to the use of cars. There is also natural gasoline. Such gasoline is used as a raw material in the chemical industry. World consumption of gasoline was 975.1 million. The U.S. is the largest consumer of gasoline in the world, consuming annually about 40% of the gasoline. Asia and Oceania consume 210 million tons, accounting for 21.6% of world consumption of gasoline, slightly less than half of this consumption comes from China – 61.8 million tons and Japan – 35.9 million tons. In Western and Eastern Europe, including the CIS, accounted for about 17% of world gasoline consumption. Gasoline Resources
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Resources in the future The growing shortage of traditional energy sources will be felt much sooner than in 60 years. Experts estimate that proven reserves of oil and natural gas humanity can last only 56 years. If the truth is on the side of the biogenic theory, oil reserves are nonrenewable and all its deposits will end very soon. If the truth is on abiogenic theory, then the oil and natural gas — renewable resource. And it’s possible that at greater depths, which only began to be studied, oil and natural gas deposits await discovery. In this case, "peak oil and gas" recedes into an indefinite period of time. Coal continues to be the most important and promising source of energy on Earth: coal reserves will be enough for at least 270 years. In the world today coal power is 40%.
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Alternative energy sources Today energy in the world uses non-renewable energy sources. The main energy sources are oil, gas and coal. Great expectations in the world rely on alternative energy sources, the advantage of which is their renewability and the fact that it is ecologically pure energy sources. Such sources include: the sun's energy wind energy the energy of the oceans the deep heat of the Earth fuel from biomass Ways to save resources is to save the existing minerals and the use of alternative energy: solar panels, wind farms, electric cars and fuel from the inexhaustible resources.
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Germany is rightly considered a leader in the production of electricity from renewable sources. The installed capacity of wind and solar generation is about 80 GW. 40% of the capacity belongs to private persons, 10% to farmers. And only half of the companies and the state. Russia is a n orthern country, where the possibility of using solar energy is naturally limited, but Russia is one of the leaders in the generation of wind energy. Russia has a huge territory and many seas. Wind turbines – it’s the power generators, designed to transform wind power into electricity.
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Resource conservation Every person in order to save resources can : Save energy U se private cars less Reuse resources, if it possible Try to use renewable resources instead of non-renewable Do not litter and do not pollute the atmosphere .
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For humanity it’s time to think about the rational use of natural resources, the preservation of the environment ! THAHK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
Император Акбар и Бирбал
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Юрий Алексеевич Гагарин
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