ИИП создание справочника "Англоязычные страны"

«Политические системы англоязычных стран»

Введение

         Данное методическое пособие предназначено для учеников  7 -9 классов.  Материалы могут  быть  использованы для предметов английский язык, обществознание, история. Методическое пособие содержит тексты и задания для закрепления и освоения материала .

 В настоящее время  в науке используется  термин «Англосфера»,  интерпретируемый  как группа англоязычных стран, где действует общее право, но он подразумевает гораздо больше, чем просто совокупность всех людей, для которых английский является основным или вторым языком. Предполагается необходимость соблюдать базовые обычаи и принципы, формирующие основу  англоязычных культур: индивидуализм, господство права, уважение договора и сделки, а также превращение свободы в первостепенную политическую и культурную ценность.

Эксперт Дж. Беннет отмечает, что ряд стадий НТР начались в США. По его словам, колонизация Северной Америки протекала таким образом, что наиболее полезные характеристики гражданского общества были привнесены туда из Англии, а наименее полезные феодальные рудименты «позабыты» в Старом свете. Предпринимательская культура квакеров в Пенсильвании и северной Англии, методистов в северной и центральной Англии и Америке и кальвинистов в Новой Англии и Шотландии внесла значительный вклад  в зарождение, развитие и господство индустриальной и информационной революций.

В последние годы понятие «англосфера» утвердилось для обозначения тех стран, в которых английский используется как первый или второй язык. Хотя принадлежность к англосфере определяется не только использованием этого языка, но также культурными и политическими приоритетами страны, которые должны соответствовать исторически сложившимся "истинно британским" ценностям.

К ним относятся: индивидуализм, равенство перед законом, культ свободы личности, суд присяжных, презумпция невиновности, неприкосновенность жилища. Как цивилизационная структура англосферы охватывает США, Великобританию, Австралию, Новую Зеландию, Ирландию, ЮАР. Страны же Карибского бассейна, Океании, Африки и Индия считаются "границами" англосферы, которые не во всем соответствуют её базовым принципам, в первую очередь, правовым и социокультурным, не входят в данную структуру.

Мы предлагаем информацию о 5 наиболее значительных англоязычных странах: Великобритании, Канаде, Новой Зеландии, Австралии и США. Рассматриваются основные политические характеристики государств: политическая система, структура власти, формы правления и избирательная  система.

1. New Zealand

Year of formation: 26 Jan 1606.
Official name: Commonwealth of Australia
Capital: Canberra
Official language: English
Form of government: constitutional monarchy

The state system

Federation of 6 States and 2 territories. The capital allocated to the special administrative unit - Australian Capital Territory. The head of state - Queen of Great Britain represented by the Governor General. Legislative - bicameral Parliament (Senate and House of Representatives). Executive power is exercised by the government headed by the Prime Minister. The government formed by the party that received the most votes in a General election. Two main parties: Labour and the Conservatives. The 120 seats in Parliament, 60 is the total representation, the remaining 5 is Maori, the other 55 – payroll from the parties. As a former colony, Australia part of the British Commonwealth.

History

In 1606, to the shores of Australia swam the Dutch Navigator V. Jansson. In 1770 the East coast of the continent was revealed to the English Navigator John. Cook. In 1850 the British Parliament issued the act on which the Australian colonies can create their own governments. In 1855, Victoria creates such bodies, the following year; his own governments create the States of New South Wales, Tasmania and South Australia. In 1901 the colonies united in the Commonwealth of Australia, which received the status of a British dominion. In 1919, Australia was given a mandate to Papua New Guinea and Nauru Island. In 1992 abolished the oath of allegiance to the British crown.

Political System of New Zealand

 New Zealand is an island country in the Southwest Pacific Ocean. It lies about 1 600 km southeast of Australia and about 10 500 km southwest of California. New Zealand belongs to a large island group called Polynesia. The country is situated on two main islands — the North Island and the South Island — and several dozen smaller islands. Most of the smaller islands are hundreds of kilometers from the main ones. Wellington is the capital of New Zealand and Auckland is the largest city. English is the official language of New Zealand and is spoken throughout the country. Many native people speak their own language, Maori, in addition to English. The country once belonged to the British Empire. Today it is an independent member of the Commonwealth of Nations, an association of Britain and a number of its former colonies. New Zealand is a constitutional monarchy. The British Monarch, Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, is the monarch of New Zealand. She appoints a governor general to represent her, but the governor general has little power. The legislation, prime minister, and Cabinet run the national government. Britain gave New Zealand a constitution in 1852, when it was a British colony. Today, the nation has no written constitution. The first people who settled in New Zealand were a brown skinned people called Maoris. They came from Polynesian islands located northeast of New Zealand. The country was discovered by Europeans in 1642, but they did not start to settle in the islands until the late 1700's. Today, most New Zealanders are descendants of the early European settlers. Maoris make up about 12% of the country's population. New Zealand has one of the highest standards of living in the world. For many years, the economy of the country depended largely on agriculture. Today agriculture, manu- factoring, and service industries are all important to the economy. New Zealands economy depends on trade with many countries - Australia, Britain, Japan and the United States.

I.

1. Put the missing letter: go…ernor – general, Nati…nal, Canber…a, Ma…ri, qu…en
2. Compose the word: nitonala, mroia, aeacnbrr, lganeer, eengu.
3. Find the word:

4. Guess the word:

1 – 16, 1, 18, 20, 25.

2 – 3, 15, 19, 20, 9, 20, 21, 20, 9, 15, 14.

3 – 16, 1, 18, 12, 9, 1, 13, 5, 14, 20.

4 – 5, 12, 5, 3, 20, 9, 15, 14.

2. – 22, 15, 20, 9, 14, 7. 1, 7, 5.

II.

1. Match the word and translation:

1.  Translate: National Party, island state, written constitution, Commonwealth
2. Odd word:  

1 – Model, governs, party, emu,  tradition.

2 – Power, executive, president, judicial, legislative.

3.  Fill in gaps:

1 – New Zealand is ……….. (Constitutional, monarchy, parliamentary)

2 – There are ……….. (2, 4, 6) main parties in New Zealand/

3 – The branches of power are…..

4 – The minimum voting age is …….. (20, 18, 24)

5 – The main parties are….

III. True false:

1 - New Zealand is a president republic.

2- New Zealand is parliamentary monarchy.

3 – The governor – general is appointed for 4 years.

4 – The House of Representatives has 120 seats.

5 - New Zealand has three – party system.

IV. Describe the country, using plan:

1. The official name of the country.
2. The state flag.
3. The coat of arms.
4. The anthem.
5. The map of the country.
6. The political system.
7. The head of state.
8. The legislative branch of power.
9. The executive branch of power.
10. The judicial branch of power.

1 - Official name: Commonwealth of Australia

2-

3 -

4 – God Defend New Zealand (New Zealand)

God of Nations at Thy feet
In the bonds of love we meet
Hear our voices, we entreat
God defend our free land
Guard Pacific’s triple star
From the shafts of strife and war
Make her praises heard afar
God defend New Zealand.

Перевод:

 Боже, защити Новую Зеландию

Бог народов! К твоим ногам,
Любовью связанные, мы припадаем.
Умоляем, услышь наши голоса.
Боже, защити нашу свободную землю.
Оберегай тихоокеанскую тройную звезду
От копий раздора и войны.
Далёко пусть будет слышна хвала о ней,
Боже, защити Новую Зеландию.

5 – Type of state:  monarchy, constitutional monarchy a Federal monarchy.

6 – Head of the state (general – governor), parties, branch of power (legislative, judicial, representative)

7 – Legislative: power is represented by parliament representative.

8 – Executive: is represented by general – governor.

9 – Judicial: judicial – House of Lords.

V. Write an essay “….Has a unique political system, because..” 100 words.

II. Canada

Year of Foundation: 1867
Official name: Canada
Capital: Ottawa
Form of government: constitutional monarchy

The state system

Canada is a constitutional monarchy (Kingdom) parliamentary system. After a period of British colonization from the Union of three British colonies (which were previously territories of New France) was founded Canadian Confederation. Canada gained independence from the United Kingdom in the result of the peace process, which lasted from 1867 to 1982.
Canada is a Federal state consisting of 10 provinces, possessing extensive powers under the Federal office and three territories (Yukon, Northwest Territory and the territory of Nunavut). The head of state is the British Queen represented by the Governor General. Legislative — bicameral Parliament (appointed by the Senate and the elected house of Commons). In fact, the head of state and of government is the Prime Minister — the leader of the party with the most votes in the parliamentary elections. The official languages at the Federal level in Canada are English and French. Canada is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations. The conservative party and the Liberal party, the Reform party, the new Democratic party.

History

In the 1497 expedition of John. Cabot landed in Canada. In 1605 the French had begun, in 1623, and English colonization of Canada. The final arrangement of borders and a device of colonial possessions was completed in 1791, the constitutional act adoption. 1949 Canada is a NATO member.

Political System of Canada

Canada is an independent federal parliamentary state. The Queen of Great Britain, Elizabeth II, is the official head of the state, but the General Governor acts as her representative. Canada combines the American federal form of government with the British cabinet system.

As a federation, Canada is made up of ten provinces and two territories. Canadian central government in Ottawa represents all the peoples of Canada. Each province has its own government and parliament.

Parliament of Canada consists of two houses, the Upper House called the Senate, and the Lower House called the House of Commons. The Senate has 104 members. Senators are appointed by the Governor General on the recommendation of the Prime Minister. The Senate has less power than the House of Commons. Members of the House of Commons are elected for a term of five years. The cabinet system of Canada unites the legislative and the executive branches. The Prime Minister and the Cabinet are usually members of the House of Commons, which is the highest authority in the government. The Cabinet consists of 20 or more ministers, chosen by the Prime Minister from leaders of the majority party in the House of Commons.

Today most of the General Governor powers have disappeared and he follows the directions of the Cabinet.

The two leading political parties in Canada are the Progressive Conservative Party and the Liberal Party. The New Democratic Party is also rather influential.

The Constitution of the country was only adopted in 1982.

1. Put the missing letter:

Eliz…beth II, Sen…t, prov…nce, Com…ons, gover…ment.

2. Compose the word:

enats, mmoonsc,  gvrmntoeen, lizathee II, oieprvnec.

3. Find the word:

4. Guess the word:

1 – 16, 1, 18, 12, 9, 13, 5, 14, 20.

2 – 3, 1, 2, 9, 14, 5, 20.   19, 25, 19, 20, 5, 13.

3 – 20, 5, 18, 18, 9, 20, 15, 18, 9, 5, 19.

4 – 3, 15, 13, 13, 15, 14, 19.

5 – 13, 9, 14, 9, 19, 20, 5, 18, 19.

II.

1. Match :

2. Translate:

General Governor, cabinet system, provinces, territories.

3. Odd word: President, Prime Minister, Cabinet, House of Commons, General Governor.
4. Fill in gaps:

1 - The Senate has ……… members.

2 - Senators are appointed by the Governor General on the recommendation of the …………….

3 - Members of the House of Commons are elected for a term of ……..years.

4 - The Cabinet consists of ……………. ministers, chosen by the Prime Minister from leaders of the majority party in the House of Commons.

5 - The two leading political parties in Canada are the …………... ……………….. and the ……………………..

III. True false:

IV. Describe the country, using plan:

1. The official name of the country.
2. The state flag.
3. The coat of arms.
4. The anthem.
5. The map of the country.
6. The political system.
7. The head of state.
8. The legislative branch of power.
9. The executive branch of power.
10. The judicial branch of power.

1. Official name: Canada
4. Ô Canada! Terre de nos aïeux,                                                                                                                    Ton front est ceint de fleurons glorieux!                                                                                                                                Car ton bras sait porter l'epée,                                                                                                                                                      Il sait porter la croix!                                                                                                                                                       Ton histoire est une epopée                                                                                                                                             Des plus brillants exploits,                                                                                                                                     Et ta valeur, de foi trempée,                                                                                                                                Protégera nos foyers et nos droots,                                                                                                          Protégera nos foyers et nos droots.
   Перевод:

О Канада! Наш дом и родная земля!
Сердца твоих потомков движимы любовью к тебе
С пылающими сердцами мы видим твой восход,
Ты — Верный Север сильный и свободный!
Со всех сторон, о Канада,
Мы стоим на страже твоей.
Да сохранит Бог нашу страну: великолепной и свободной!
О Канада, мы стоим на страже твоей.
О Канада, мы стоим на страже твоей.

5. Independent federal parliamentary state
6. General-governor
7. Legislative: Parliament (Senate, House of Commons)
8. Executive: general-governor
9. Judicial:  Royal Court

V. Write an essay “…. Has a unique political system, because…”

100 words.

III. United State of America

Year of education: 4 year июля1776
United States: Of America
Capital: Washington
Official language: English
Form of government: presidential Republic                                                                                                 The state system                                                                                                                                         In the political arena is dominated by two parties — Democratic and Republican. The head of state and Executive is the President, who together with the Vice-President is elected by universal two-stage vote. Presidential elections are held in leap year simultaneously with the elections to Congress. The President is elected for a term of 4 years and cannot serve more than two terms. The President is commander in chief armed forces, appoints the Cabinet of Ministers, usually from among their supporters.
Legislative power is vested in Congress which consists of two chambers: the Senate and House of Representatives. The Senate consists of 100 members, two senators from each state. They is elected by direct and equal suffrage for a period of 6 years. Every two years the Senate is renewed by one third. The house of representatives (435 congressmen) is elected by direct and equal suffrage by the majority system of representation for a period of two years. The Senate can initiate any bills except financial. The latter are within the competence of the House of Representatives.                                                                                     Political System of the USA                                                                                                                                                   The United States of America is a federal republic consisting of 50 states. Each state has its own government («state government*). In some ways the United States is like 50 small countries.                         The government of the USA act according to the Constitution which was signed by the first thirteen representatives of thirteen original American states in 1787. The document was written in 1787 and since that time twenty six Amendments have been added. The first ten Amendments were simply rights or the Bill of rights. According to the Constitution the USA is a republic. So, the officials of any rank are elected by US citizens. Every citizen has rights which cannot be violated.  The Constitution proclaims a federal system of government which keeps both the states and the federal power from getting too much power. It means that the federal government is given certain powers, for example, to make peace or war, to issue money and to regulate the trade and so on. The federal power is located in Washington, D.C. It is based on legislative, executive and juridical branches of power. The legislative power is represented by Congress, which consists of two houses: the Senate and the House of Representatives, .There are 435 members in the House of Representatives and 100 senators in Congress. Each state elects two members for the Senate. The executive branch is headed by the President who is assisted by the Vice President. The President enforces federal laws, serves as commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces. The President can veto a bill unless Congress by a two-thirds vote shall overrule him. The Vice President, elected from the same political party as the President, acts as chairman of the Senate, and in the event of the death of the President, assumes the Presidency. The President of the USA is chosen in nationwide elections every 4 years together with the Vice.-President. The President cannot be elected for more than two terms. The Cabinet is made up of Department Secretaries. The most important of them is the Secretary of State, who deals with foreign affairs. The judicial branch is made up of Federal District Courts, 11 Federal Courts and the Supreme Court. Federal judges are appointed by the President for life. Federal courts decide cases involving federal law, conflicts between citizens of different states. Constitution has been amended twenty six times. The Bill of Rights guarantees individual liberties: freedom of word, » religion and so on. Later amendments abolished slavery, granted the vote to women and colour people and allowed citizens to vote at the age of 18.

I.

1. Put the missing letter:

Document, federal, Congress, Cabinet, political.

2. Eeafdrl, dcmntoue, bntciae, iiltpcloa, sgcerons.
3. Find the word:

4. Guess the word:

1 – 19, 5, 3, 18, 5, 20, 1, 18, 25.  15, 6. 19, 20, 1, 20, 5.

2 – 6, 5, 4, 5, 18, 1, 12.  3, 15, 21, 18, 20.

3 – 2, 18, 1, 14, 3, 8.

4 – 3, 1, 2, 9, 14, 5, 20.

5 – 6, 5, 4, 5, 18, 1, 12.   10, 21, 4, 7, 5, 19.

II.

1. Match:

2. Translate:

Политика, закон, законопроект, парламент, назначать

3. Odd word: Royal Court, Congress, House of Representatives, Vice President, Federal District Courts.  
4. Fill in gaps:

1 - The United States of America is a................

2 - The Constitution proclaims a federal system of government which keeps both the ......... and the........... power.

3 - The ...............power is located in Washington, D.C. It is based on legislative, executive and juridical branches of power.

4 - The legislative power is  ................... by Congress. 

5 - Congress consists of two houses: the.............. and the .............................

III. True false:

1. In which state was G. Bush born?

a) Texas b) Ohio c) Indiana

2. Which university did he graduate from?

a) Harvard b) Yale c) Washington

a) Barbara and Jenna b) Sarah and Suzanne c) Julia and Pamela

4. What kind of dog does he have?

a) Labrador b) Scottish terrier c) Corgi

5. What is Mrs. Bush’s name?        

a) Linda b) Lena c) Laura

IV. Describe the country, using plan:

1. The official name of the country.
2. The state flag.
3. The coat of arms.
4. The anthem.
5. The map of the country.
6. The political system.
7. The head of state.
8. The legislative branch of power.
9. The executive branch of power.
10. The judicial branch of power.

1. Official name: United States of America
4. O say, can you see, by the dawn’s early light,
   What so proudly we hailed at the twilight’s last gleaming,
   Whose broad stripes and bright stars, through the perilous fight,
   O’er the ramparts we watched, were so gallantly streaming?
   And the rockets’ red glare, the bombs bursting in air,
   Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there;
   O say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave
   O’er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

Перевод:

ЗВЕЗДНОЕ ЗНАМЯ.

Смотри, видишь ль ты в солнца первых лучах,
С чем в заката часы мы простились глазами?
О, скажи, он ведь жив, полосатый наш флаг,
Цвета неба и солнца наше звездное знамя?
И летали ракеты, и снаряды взрывались,
Подтверждая: форт наш ночью не сдался.
Ответь: это правда, флаг еще реет.                                                                                                                                       Над землею свободных, родиной смелых?

5. Political system: federative republic
6. President
7. Legislative power: Congress(Senate and the House of Representatives)
8. Executive power: President
9. Judicial: Supreme Court

V. Write an essay “…. Has a unique political system, because…”

100 words.

IV. Great Britain

Year of Foundation: 1922
Official name: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Capital: London
Form of government: constitutional monarchy

The state system

UK is a constitutional (parliamentary) monarchy, but formally the Constitution is missing, instead there are a number of basic legislative acts. The head of state is the Queen. Legislative power is represented by the Queen and Parliament. (House of Lords and House of Commons). The Executive power is represented by the Prime Minister. — The leader of the party that received the most votes in the elections to the House of Commons and forming the government. Britain heads the Commonwealth, including 53 countries, formed the ex-British colonies. Conservative party, labour, the Social Democratic party.

Political System of Great Britain

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy. It means that the sovereign reigns but does not rule.

Britain does not have a written constitution, but a set of laws.

Parliament is the most important authority in Britain. Technically Parliament is made up of three parts: the Monarch, the House of Lords; and the House of Commons. In reality the House of Commons is the only one of the three which has true power.

The monarch serves formally as head of state. But the monarch is expected to be politically neutral and should not make political decisions.

The present sovereign is Queen Elizabeth II. She was crowned in Westminster Abbey in 1953.

The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament. There are 650 of them in the House of Commons. They are elected by secret ballot. General elections are held every five years. The country is divided into 650 constituencies. All citizens aged 18 and registered in a constituency, have the right to vote. But voting is not compulsory in Britain. Only persons convicted of corrupt and certain mentally ill patients don't take part in voting.

There are few political parties in Britain thanks to the British electoral system. The main ones are: the Conservative Party, the Labour Party and the Liberal / Social Democratic Alliance.

Each political party puts up one candidate for each constituency. The one who wins the most votes is elected MP for that area.

The party which wins the most seats in Parliament forms the Government. Its leader becomes the Prime Minister. His first job is to choose his Cabinet. The Prime Minister usually takes policy decisions with the agreement of the Cabinet.

The functions of the House of Commons are legislation and scrutiny of government activities. The House of Commons is presided over by the Speaker. The Speaker is appointed by the Government.

The House of Lords comprises about 1,200 peers. It is presided by the Lord Chancellor. The House of Lords has no real power. It acts rather as an advisory council.
It's in the House of Commons that new bills are introduced and debated. If the majority of the members are in favour of a bill, it goes to the House of Lords to be debated. The House of Lords has the right to reject a new bill twice.

But after two rejections they are obliged to accept it. And finally a bill goes to the monarch to be signed. Only then it becomes law.

Parliament is responsible for British national policy. Local governments are responsible for organizing of education, police and many others.

I.

1. Put the missing letter: The Cab…net, Pr…me Mini…ter, c...nstitutional mon...rchy, H...use of Co...mons, se...ret bal...ot.
2. Compose the word:  cbntaie, imerp mnstriie, cnstttnloiiuoa marhyonc, useno of mmooncs, ecetrs llotab.
3. Find the word:

4. Guess the word:

1 – 19, 5, 20.  15, 6.  12, 1, 23, 19.

2 – 23, 18, 9, 20, 20, 5, 14.  3, 15, 14, 19, 20, 9, 20, 21, 20, 9, 15, 14.

3 – 20, 8, 5.  8, 15, 21, 19, 5.  15, 6.  12, 15, 18, 4, 19.

4 – 20, 8, 5.  8, 15, 21, 19, 5.  15, 6.  3, 15, 13, 13, 15, 14, 19.

5 – 16, 18, 5, 19, 5, 14, 20.

 II. 1. Word - translation:

1. Translate:

Prime Minister, political parties, written constitution, electoral system.

2. Odd word: Supreme Court (Royal), Parliament, Government, Prime Minister, House of Commons
3. Fill in gaps:

1 - UK is a ………………………………monarchy.

2 - The …………... of state is the Queen.

3 - ……………… power is represented by the Queen and Parliament.

4 - The Executive power is represented by the ………………………..

5 - Britain heads the Commonwealth, including …….. countries, formed the ex-British colonies.

III. True false:

1 – A. The Queen votes on the bills.

B. The Queen signs the bills.

 2 – A. The Queen has mostly representative functions.

B. The Queen rules the country in fact.

3 – A. The government represents the legislative branch of power.

B. The government represents the executive branch of power.

4 – A. The general – governor is responsible for government policies.

B. The general – governor Ministers revise bills from Parliament.

5 – A. Parliament represents the legislative branch of power.

B. Parliament represents the executive branch of power.

IV. Describe the country, using plan:

1. The official name of the country.
2. The state flag.
3. The coat of arms.
4. The anthem.
5. The map of the country.
6. The political system.
7. The head of state.
8. The legislative branch of power.
9. The executive branch of power.
10. The judicial branch of power.

1. Official name: United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
4. God save our gracious                                                                                                                             Queen! Long live our noble                                                                                                                 Queen! God Save the Queen!                                                                                                                    Send her victorious,                                                                                                                             Happy and glorious,                                                                                                                                                                                    Long to reign over us                                                                                                                                       God save the Queen.

Перевод:

Боже, храни нашу милостивую Королеву!                                                                                                          Да здравствует наша благородная Королева!                                                                                         Боже, храни Королеву!                                                                                                                                Пошли ей ратных побед,                                                                                                                               Счастья и славы,                                                                                                                                           И долгого царствования над нами,                                                                                                               Боже, храни Королеву.

5. The UK is a constitutional monarchy
6.   The head of the state is a Queen.
7. Legislative: Parliament (House of Commons)
8. Executive:  Prime-Minister, Cabinet
9. Judicial: The House of Lords

V. Write an essay “…. Has a unique political system, because…” 100 words.

V. Australia

Year of formation: 26 Jan 1606.
Official name: Commonwealth of Australia
Capital: Canberra
Form of government: constitutional monarchy

The state system

Federation of 6 States and 2 territories. The capital allocated to the special administrative unit - Australian Capital Territory.
The head of state - Queen of Great Britain represented by the Governor General. Legislative - bicameral Parliament (Senate and House of Representatives). Executive power is exercised by the government headed by the Prime Minister. The government formed by the party that received the most votes in a General election. As a former colony, Australia part of the British Commonwealth. The labour party, Liberal party, national party.

Political System of Australia

Australia is a constitutional monarchy, with the Queen of Great Britain at its head.2 it consists of six states and two territories. The queen is represented by the Governor General, who is appointed by the Australian government. The Governor General appoints members of the Executive Council, his advisory cabinet. The main legislative body in the country is Federal Parliament. It consists of the Queen, the Senate and the House of Representatives. The members of the Senate are elected for a six-year term. There are ten senators from each state and two from each territory in the Senate. The House of Representatives is elected by general direct vote for three-year term. The executive power belongs to the queen and the government. It is headed by the Prime Minister. The ministers are chosen from members of Parliament and the Executive Council. There are two major political parties in Australia: the Australian Labour party and a coalition of the Liberal and the Agrarian parties. Till the 1930s Australia mostly depended upon Great Britain in its political affairs. But in 1931 Australia became fully independent from Great Britain.

1. Put the missing letter: mon…rchy, st…te, govern…r, f…deral, s…nate.
2. Compose the word:  grrnoeo, nrmohyae, ttaes, eealfdr, eeatsn.
3. Find the word:

4. Guess the word:

1 – 12, 1, 2, 15, 18. 16, 1, 18, 20, 25.

2 - 7, 21, 5, 5, 14.

3 – 16, 18, 9, 13, 5. 13, 9, 14, 9, 19, 20, 5, 18.

4 - 19, 5, 14, 1, 20, 15, 18, 19.

5 – 12, 5, 7, 9, 19, 12, 1, 20, 9, 22, 5. 2, 15, 4, 25.

2. 1. Word - translation:

1. Translate: constitutional monarchy, queen, British Commonwealth, Australian union, party.
2. Odd word: Federative republic, Governor General, Federal Parliament, Senate, House of Representatives.
3. Fill in gaps:

1 - Federation of … States and … territories.

2 - The capital allocated to the special administrative unit - Australian Capital ………..

3 - The head of state - ………………. represented by the Governor General.

4 - Executive power is exercised by the government headed by the ………….

5 - As a former colony, Australia part of the ………………….

III. True false:

IV. Describe the country, using plan:

11. The official name of the country.
12. The state flag.
13. The coat of arms.
14. The anthem.
15. The map of the country.
16. The political system.
17. The head of state.
18. The legislative branch of power.
19. The executive branch of power.
20. The judicial branch of power.

1. Official name: Commonwealth of Australia
4. Australians all let us rejoice,                                                                                                       For we are young and free;                                                                                                        We’ve golden soil and wealth for toil,                                                                                                       Our home is girt by sea;                                                                                                                                      Our land abounds in Nature’s gifts                                                                                                                 Of beauty rich and rare;                                                                                                                                         In history’s page, let every stage                                                                                                                             Advance Australia fair!                                                                                                                                             In joyful strains then let us sing,                                                                                                                «Advance Australia fair!»                                                                                                                        Beneath our radiant southern Cross,                                                                                                                               We’ll toil with hearts and hands;                                                                                                                          To make this Commonwealth of ours                                                                                                             Renowned of all the lands;                                                                                                                                   For those who’ve come across the seas                                                                                                      We’ve boundless plains to share;                                                                                                                       With courage let us all combine                                                                                                                              To advance Australia fair.                                                                                                                                      In joyful strains then let us sing                                                                                                    «Advance Australia fair!»

Перевод:

Австралийцы, всё к счастью для нас.                                                                                                 Здесь, где юность с свободой цветут.                                                                                                           Дом в оправе морей наш - бесценный алмаз -                                                                                        Ты даешь нам богатства за труд.                                                                                                            Край – дар звёзд, сквозь века свет глаз их,                                                                                           Книги волн, трав, камней здесь собрали и.                                                                                                    Со страниц их поет каждый штрих.                                                                                                                                Про цветенье Австралии.                                                                                                                    Чтоб от радости петь, когда сердце кричит,                                                                                     Расцветай, о Австралия.                                                                                                                      Под сияющим Южным Крестом                                                                                                                            Мы союз наций сплав возвели.                                                                                                                  Здесь сердцами, руками, умом и трудом.                                                                                                Так, чтоб знали все страны земли.                                                                                                         Все, кто смог сквозь моря путь пробить.                                                                                                                К безграничью равнин, обретали их,                                                                                                              Чтоб с отвагой сердец своих слить.                                                                                                                К процветанью Австралии.                                                                                                             Чтоб от радости петь, когда сердце кричит,                                                                                Расцветай, о Австралия.

5. Political system: parliamentary monarchy
6. Head of the state: The British queen
7. Legislative: Parliament (House of Commons)
8. Executive:   General-governor, Prime-Minister, Cabinet

10. Judicial: The House of Lords

V. Write an essay “…. Has a unique political system, because…” 100 words.

Таблица политического устройства англоязычных стран.

Table of the political system of English-speaking countries.