Конспект занятия "Гигиена полости рта. Основные стоматологические термины".
план-конспект занятия

Специальность 31.02.01 Лечебное Дело

Конспект практического занятия по теме:  «Гигиена полости рта. Основные стоматологические термины».

План

1. Изучение лексического материала по теме  «Гигиена полости рта. Основные стоматологические термины».

2. Изучение грамматического материала:

Vocabulary:

1

A dentist - стоматолог;

A bad toothache - сильная зубная боль;

Gum pain - боль в деснах;

To make an appointment with a dentist - записаться на прием к врачу;

To have a dental check-up – (иметь) стоматологический осмотр;

To take a seat and wait - присесть и подождать;

The next on the list - следующий в очереди;

A dentist office - кабинет стоматолога;

A dental chair - стоматологическое кресло;

A filling has come out - пломба слетела;

To chip a tooth - сломать зуб;

To get your teeth brightened - отбелить зубы;

To get/get off braces - установить/снять брекеты;

 Dental cleaning and polish - стоматологическая чистка и полировка зубов;

To open a mouth a little wider - открыть рот немного шире;

A mouthwash - ополаскиватель для полости рта;

Napkins - салфетки;

A decay - кариес;

Plaque - зубной камень/налет;

A bad teeth hygiene - плохая гигиена зубов;

Sweet tooth - сладкоежка;

X-ray - рентген;

Gap - промежуток между зубами.

2

Dental light - стоматологический светильник/лампа;

X-ray machine - машина для рентгена;

Dental explorer - стоматологический зонд;

Tooth polisher - полировальное приспособление;

A mask - маска;

Surgical gloves - хирургические перчатки;

A filling - пломба;

To take tooth out - удалить зуб;

To fill cavity with the composite material - наполнить полость композитным материалом;

Give an anesthetic injection - сделать обезболивающий укол;

Let me know you feel any pain - дайте мне знать, если чувствуете любую боль;

A crown - зубная коронка;

A dental cement - зубной цемент

TEXT

Dental anatomy is a field of anatomy dedicated to the study of human tooth

structures. The development, appearance, and classification of teeth fall within its

purview.

Usually, there are 20 primary ("baby") teeth and 28 to 32 permanent teeth, the

last four being third molars or "wisdom teeth", each of which may or may not grow in.

Among primary teeth, 10 usually are found in the maxilla (upper jaw) and the other 10 in the mandible (lower jaw). Among permanent teeth, 16 are found in the maxilla and the other 16 in the mandible. Most of the teeth have distinguishing features.

Task 1. Answer the following questions:

1. Think about the quotation given above. Explain it. What is the meaning of the word “root” here?

2. What do you know about inner structure of the teeth?

 3. Is there any dependence between the form of the tooth and the role it plays?

Structure of teeth

The teeth are the hardest substances in the human body. Besides being essential for chewing, the teeth play an important role in speech. Parts of the teeth include: enamel, crown, dentin, pulp, gum (gingiva), cementum, blood vessels, root, periodontal ligament, lateral canals, nerve

• Enamel: The hardest, white outer part of the tooth. Enamel is mostly made of calcium phosphate, a rock-hard mineral.

• Dentin: A layer underlying the enamel. Dentin is made of living cells, which secrete a hard mineral substance.

• Pulp: The softer, living inner structure of teeth. Blood vessels and nerves run through the pulp of the teeth.

• Cementum: A layer of connective tissue that binds the roots of the teeth firmly to the gums and jawbone.

• Periodontal ligament: Tissue that helps hold the teeth tightly against the jaw. A normal adult mouth has 32 teeth, which (except for wisdom teeth) have erupted by about age 13:

• Incisors (8 total): The middlemost four teeth on the upper and lower jaws.

• Canines (4 total): The pointed teeth just outside the incisors.

• Premolars (8 total): Teeth between the canines and molars.

• Molars (8 total): Flat teeth in the rear of the mouth, best at grinding food.

• Wisdom teeth or third molars (4 total): These teeth erupt at around age 18, but are often surgically removed to prevent displacement of other teeth. The crown of each tooth projects into the mouth. The root of each tooth descends below the gum line, into the jaw.

Dialogue 1

Patient: Good morning, Mrs. Goodwin

Dentist: Good morning. Take off your clothes and sit down on the dental chair. Do you have any symptoms?

Patient: Yes, Mrs. Goodwin. Yesterday I discovered that I have a bad toothache and gum pain. My filling has come out several months ago but I haven’t made an appointment with a dentist for a long time. 

Dentist: I’m going to use a mouthwash and check-up your teeth. Please, open your mouth a little wider.

Dentist: Oh, you have a sweet tooth! It is a reason why your filling has come out. You also have a decay. 

Patient: What are you going to do with my teeth?

Dentist: First of all, I make dental polish and then fill the cavity with the composite material. Let me know if you feel any pain.

Patient: Of course. But I’m afraid of the dentist's drill!

Dentist: Don’t worry. Everything will go quickly and painlessly.