Медиатека

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Contents : The letterhead The return address The date The inside address The opening salutations The body of a letter The closing salutations The signature Enclosure

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The return address Street address City State ZIP code

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Inside address Name of company Street address City State ZIP code

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Date 12 th March , 2015 March 12 th, , 2015 12/03/15 March 12 th ,2015 12.03.15

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Opening salutations Dear Personnel Director Dear Sir or Madam Dear Dr/Mr./ Mrs. Miss or Ms Smith/ Mr. and Ms Black Dear Messrs Freeman To Whom It May Concern: (Всем, кого это касается).

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Mr (фамилия) – господину Mrs (фамилия) – госпоже (замужней женщине) Miss (фамилия) – госпоже (незамужней женщине) Ms (фамилия) – госпоже (если семейный статус женщины не известен) Обращение пишется с левой стороны под адресом получателя и после него ставится запятая.

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The body of the letter Основной текст должен быть составлен в логической последовательности. Как правило, основной текст разбит на несколько абзацев. (3-4)

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Closing salutations Yours faithfully Yours sincerely Respectfully Cordially Best regards

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The signature Подпись отправителя ставится ниже заключительной вежливой фразы. Ниже подписи вы должны указать свое имя и при необходимости должность, которую вы занимаете.

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Enclosure Если к письму приложены дополнительные документы, то в конце письма должно быть указано Enc(приложение) или Encl (приложения), и перечислены приложения. Например: Enc: Resume (приложение: резюме) Encl: Prise Lists, 5 p. (приложения: прайс-листы, 5 листов)

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The letterhead British variant Usually aligned to the left American variant The heading is usually placed in the top right corner of the letter Sender’s address

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The date British variant 19 October 2005 (day-month-year) Usually placed directly (or 1 blank line) below the heading. October 19, 2005 ( month-day-year) Usually aligned to the left two lines below the heading American variant

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The Complimentary close Sincerely , Yours sincerely, Yours faithfully, Sincerely , Sincerely yours, Yours truly, British variant American variant

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British variant

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American variant

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Prehistory In 1. BC half-mad Emperor Nero ordered the architects Celer North and build him a palace. "Domus Aurea" occupied slopes 3 of 7 hills of Rome. Among the gardens Nero ordered to put his bronze statue in the pose celebrated Colossus of Rhodes in height with a 12-storey building. At the feet of the giant Nero ordered to dig a lake and fill it with salt water. It was like the sea, which arose at the whim of the emperor. Nero house was decorated with gold, adorned with jewels and pearls. Main round dining continuously rotated Universe. Imperator like Nero and his Golden House irritated the Romans. Нерон Золотой дом Нерона

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On-site is worth the Colosseum? This structure was intended to show Rome that the new Flavian dynasty more still cares about its citizens. Construction was given the name "Flavian Amphitheatre", but the Romans called it the Coliseum. After the overthrow and suicide of Nero Emperor Vespasian Flavius ruined palace melted the statue, and the place of artificial sea laid a giant amphitheater by 60 thousand people.

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Version of the name "Colosseum? Colosseum received its name from the Latin word «colossus», which means "The Giant". On the ground in front of the amphitheater was a 30-meter statue of Nero (Colossus), perhaps "Coliseum" comes from the name of the statue.

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Canals and sluices The fact that there was an artificial lake resembles a system of canals and locks, allow a few minutes to fill arenuza water.

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Opening the Coliseum. Son of Vespasian - Titus Flavius - arranged 100-day celebration of the opening of the Coliseum. During the hundred-day games fought several thousand gladiators seeded large number of animals. Public twine baskets with edible (bird, cookies, nuts, figs, plums). Played out a wide variety of gifts: from 10 heads of lettuce and 10 pounds of gold.

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Греческий театр Theatres of Greece and Rome In Greece, the theaters were usually built close to nature - on the hillsides, and they were intended for plays related to the life, with its gritty and problems. In Rome theaters dissociate themselves from the city walls. They were mostly comedies, but even they are often unable to see out (more attracted Romans bloody battles). Римский театр

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1000th anniversary of Rome When Emperor Decius, in the days of the millennium celebration in the Coliseum of Rome were killed 32 elephants, 60 lions, 40 wild horses and dozens of other animals, elk, zebras, tigers, giraffes, hippos. There's also the scene of bloody battle about 2 thousand gladiators, which was probably the most favorite spectacle Romans. Gladiator fights ended in 404, and the battle continued until the animal 523.

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Colosseum after gladiatorial battle Amphitheater repeatedly destroyed by earthquakes. Later Italian families Frangipani Annibaldi and turned it into a fortress. And only in the VII century, became the property of the Colosseum in Rome. In subsequent years, the Coliseum began to decline. Huge blocks of travertine were removed for construction snyatyi Kanchelleriya Palazzo, Palazzo Venice and St. Peter's Cathedral.

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Dimensions and author The plan is elliptical amphitheater, dlinoy188 meters, width - 156i height - 57 meters. Construction of the Colosseum lasted 10 years and had three on board the Flavian imperatoroviz: Vespasian, Titus and Domitian. Name of the architect is unknown, but suggest that it was Rabirius, who appeared later the author of the palace of Domitian.

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outside the Colosseum The plan is elliptical amphitheater, 188 meters long, width - 156, and a height of 57 meters.

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tiers of the Colosseum Outside the Colosseum entirely covered with travertine and imeet4 tiers. Three of them are arched spans with half columns in the canonical sequence: 1 tier Doric, 2 - Ionic, 3 - korinfskie. Chetverty, unfinished later - it's a solid wall with Corinthian pilasters and small windows.

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awning On the cornice still preserved holes where to embed support for tensioner bright awning that protected spectators from the heat .

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Roman numerals above the entrances Each arch spans the first tier matched numbered inputs seats for spectators (on the arches are still preserved Roman numerals). Four main entrances intended: 1 - for the imperial suite, 2 - for Vestal 3 - Judges 4 - for guests of honor.

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openings In the Middle Ages the Colosseum has become something of a giant quarry. Travertine blocks were removed. Still visible holes from metal scrapie connects the .

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Grandstand Amphitheater could accommodate about 50 - 70 thousand spectators, who sat on his steps, depending on the class and social status There were three categories of seats, "podium", which sat representatives of the highest class, and where there was a bed emperor, the second category of seats "tsivis" for citizens prinadlezhaschihk middle class, and the third the "sum", which housed people. Probably existed category seats for women. Внутри

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under Arena Was a whole system galleries basements that housed various mechanisms and kept animals

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In the arena Occurred in the arena gladiators, hunting animals, jugglers performances, sports, equestrian tournaments and naval battles Games are held on the occasion of important dates, annual festivals, and extreme events. Emperor's birthday, the victory over the enemy, even a funeral - it was an occasion for the games.

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Colosseum - a symbol For many centuries the Colosseum remained a symbol of greatness and power of Rome.

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To paint smb black 1. Тратить силы попусту To paint the lily 2.Подать в яркой форме To paint smb with his warts 3.Сойти со сцены To paint smth red 4.Представлять в розовом свете To pass from the picture 5.Изображать кого-то без прикрас Paint smth in bright colours 6.Стараться очернить кого-то To paint the town red 7.Представить что-то в мрачном свете To be high up in the picture 8.Быть на высоте положения Paint smth in dark colours 9.Устроить шумную попойку

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To paint smb black 6.Стараться очернить кого-то To paint the lily 1. Тратить силы попусту To paint smb with his warts 5.Изображать кого-то без прикрас To paint smth red 4.Представлять в розовом свете To pass from the picture 3.Сойти со сцены Paint smth in bright colours 2.Подать в яркой форме To paint the town red 9.Устроить шумную попойку To be high up in the picture 8.Быть на высоте положения Paint smth in dark colours 7.Представить что-то в мрачном свете

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The Statue of Zeus at Olympia was a giant seated figure, about 13 m (43 ft) tall, made by the Greek sculptor Phidias in circa 435 BC at the sanctuary of Olympia, Greece, and erected in the Temple of Zeus there. A sculpture of ivory plates and gold panels over a wooden framework, it represented the god Zeus sitting on an elaborate cedarwood throne ornamented with ebony, ivory, gold, and precious stones.

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The statue was crowned with a sculpted wreath of olive sprays. It had gold sandals, and a golden robe carved with animals and lilies. In its right hand was a small chryselephantine statue of crowned Nike, goddess of victory. Its left hand held a sceptre inlaid with many metals, supporting an eagle. The throne was decorated in gold, precious stones, ebony, and ivory.

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Zeus seated on a throne, inlaid with ebony and precious stones. The finished statue reaches 13 meters in height and almost touching the ceiling of the temple. The impression that if Zeus stood, it would carry the roof. Along the walls erected platform for viewers to people standing on them could see the face of God. After its completion in 435 BC statue for 800 years remained one of the greatest wonders of the world.

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About 40 , AD . e . Roman emperor Caligula wanted to move the statue of Zeus to his Rome . Behind her were sent to work . But , according to legend , the statue laughed and workers fled in terror . Statue suffered after the earthquake in the II century BC. e . , then was restored by the sculptor Dimofontom . In the year 391 BC. e . Romans after the adoption of Christianity, Greek temples closed . Emperor Theodosius I, who claimed Christianity forbade Olympic Games as part of pagan worship . Finally, from the Temple of Olympian Zeus left only basis , some columns and sculptures. The last mention of it relates to the year 363 BC. e . At the beginning of V century BC . e . the statue of Zeus was moved to Constantinople. Statue was burned in a fire temple 425 years BC. e . or in a fire in Constantinople in the year 476 BC. e .

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The approximate date of the statue (the third quarter of the 5th century BC), was confirmed in the rediscovery (1954–1958) of Phydias ' workshop, sited more or less where Pausanias said the statue of Zeus was constructed. Archaeological finds included; tools for working gold and ivory, ivory chippings, precious stones and terracotta moulds. Most of the latter were used to create glass plaques, and to form the statue's robe from sheets of glass, naturalistically draped and folded, then gilded. A cup inscribed "I belong to Pheidias " was found at the site.

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Thank you for your attention

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Healthy lifestyle quotes “If you are healthy, you are wealthy.” “ Health is a state of complete harmony of the body, mind and spirit .”

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Speaking about our interests and preferences TO LIKE to prefer to be keen on to be fond of to care for to be interested in

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SPORTS or SPORT? 1. sport (noun, uncountable ): Sam loves sport. 2 . sports (noun, countable): Sam plays two sports: football and tennis. 3 . sports (adjective): Sam reads the sports news every day.

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SPORTY or SPORTING? 1) Sporty (sportier, the sporties t ) • (especially BrE ) liking or good at sport I am not very sporty. • (of clothes) a sporty cotton top 2) Sporting ( can be used only before an inanimate noun ) A major sporting event, a range of sporting activities, sporting goods. His main sporting interests are golf and tennis.

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Staying healthy To be fit ( BrE ) To be physically fit To be in shape ( NAmE ) To stay in shape ( NAm ) To get exercises To take exercises To be on a diet To go on a diet To keep fit

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Talking about sports in general You can go in for sports , do sport ( BrE ) or you can play sports ( AmE ) Do you do a lot of sport? We played sports together when we were kids. To like, to be good at sports I play volleyball with my friends. I practise volleyball with my friends. AmE to practice =to train The team is practicing for its big game. to take up sports to exercise To take exercises

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Talking about a particular sport You can play particular sports: Do you play tennis? I usually play Football on Saturdays. This is used for competitive sports in which one team or person plays (against) another: We played them in last year`s final. Who are you playing against this afternoon? Members of a sports team play for their team. If the name of a sport or an activity ends in – ing we often use the verb to go : go sailing, go skiing, go dancing, go horseback riding. Other sports can take the verbs to do or to go : I do aerobics twice a week. I go to my judo class on Mondays.

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How to talk about sports in English

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A Sportsman A sportsman – sportsmen A sportswoman – sportswomen A sportsman = an athlete Name of a sport+ er : a boxer, a footballer ( BrE ), etc. A player

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Adjectives to describe sportsmen Young; slim; tall; athletic; sporty ; physically stong / fit/ active; keen ; professional; promising; talented; outstanding; great; top; famous, etc.

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Set expressions ( Idioms) 1 )(enjoyment or fun) To make sport of sb / smth (=to joke about sb / smth ) The comments were only made in sport! The whole class made sport of me! 2) To be a (good) sport = to be generous, cheerful and pleasant, especially in difficult situation. She is a good sport. = She is a good friend, who is ready to help. Go on, be a sport! ( used when asking smb to help you) 3) To sport = To have or wear something in a proud way My husband sports a beard.

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GO vs. PLAY Climbing weightlifting golf Swimming football basketball Chess hockey skiing table tennis car racing cycling Skating baseball cricket Sailing horse riding rugby body building water skiing snorkeling

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London - A long tradition of classical music - Many theatres, opera houses and concert halls

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an open air concert of classical music in London

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Scotland - A tradition of BAGPIPE music. - Every town in Scotland has a pipe band.

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Edinburgh international FESTIVAL - Is held in August and September - brings top class performers of music (especially classical music), theatre, opera and dance from around the world to perform

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Edinburgh fringe festival - Was established in 1947 as an alternative to the Edinburgh International Festival - A showcase for performing arts, particularly theatre and comedy (which has seen substantial growth in recent years), although dance and music are also represented

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Aldeburgh festival - was started by the English composer Benjamin Britten - Is held every summer

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liverpool The home town of the Beatles

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1. The role of music in people’s life its history runs further into the past than written language ; music surrounds us – it’s everywhere ; it’s a kind of a language which can be understood by everyone .

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2. Your preferences in music music plays/doesn’t play a great part in your life; you’re hooked on jazz, pop, disco, techno, rock,… music ; you’re original in choice/ you conform to the tastes of others ; y ou think music can bring people together ; you collect your favorite music pieces.

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3. Your attitude to classical music classical music is delightful/inspiring ; listening to classical music is essential for education/development ; it’s an art for the selected few; it’s too conservative/boring ; it expresses human’s intricate feelings and emotions .

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4. The influence of music on your life you’re addicted to listening to music; it broadens your outlook ; you share tastes in music with your parents/friends – it brings you together; it interferes with your life/studies; it’s a matter for discussion; you’re a user/creator of music; it helps you to understand the world around;

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Helps to relieve stress/relax Affects emotions Makes to forget the troubles of everyday life Provides an escape from problems Melts away stress Appeals to the mind and the subconscious Sets distinct mood/shifts the mood

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Divine/solemn/serious Dramatic/melancholic Tuneful/melodious/harmonic Catchy/memorable/haunting Pleasant/sweet/refined Romantic/sentimental Mystical/enigmatic/complex Expressive/imaginative Cheerful/lively/joyful Lucid/simple/light Daring/progressive/avant-garde/experimental/original/sophisticated Music can be positively described as:

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Music can be negatively described as : Unpleasant/inexpressive/unpopular Aggressive/violent/neurotic Gloomy/mournful Pathetic/shallow Frightening/terrifying Strange Out-of-date/old

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Address (flat number) + house number + street name + city name + postcode date + country + date 6 Pushkin St. Moscow 123456 Russia 27 October 2013

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Dear…, Dear Mr and Mrs Bennet ,

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Introduction 1/ thank the person for the letter Thanks for your letter. It was great to hear from you.

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Introduction 2/ give your reason for writing in your letter you asked me about my life since I’ve returned home. This is the first time possible for me to write.

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Main paragraph give news about your life and interesting things you are doing. Answer the questions you were asked

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Conclusion 1/ ask questions 2/ you may give your reason to finish writing Well, I must finish writing because I have to go to work now.

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Conclusion 3/ ask the person to write back soon

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Yours sincerely, best wishes, love and all good wishes, etc. Best wishes, Ann.

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6 Sadovaya St Dmitrov 146150 Russia 12 April 2004 Dear Alice, Thanks for your letter. It was great to hear from you. In your letter you asked me about my summer holidays. Well, I had a very good time! In June I stayed at home because I had exams at school. Luckily the weather was nice and warm and at the weekend my parents and I went to our country house. We went sunbathing and swimming in the lake near there. In July I went to a summer camp. It was fantastic. I made a lot of new friends. Every day we went swimming in the river, and we played different games.

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There was a disco every night. Once we went hiking in the forest for two days. We cooked our meals on the fire and at night we sat around the fire, sang songs and told stories. Are you happy with your new house? Is it bigger than your old house? Have you got a room of your own? Please tell me more about it. Write soon. Love, Kate

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break down to stop working ( of machinery )

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break down to lose control emotionally or mentally .

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break up to end ; to separate . ( of a marriage / a family / a relationship etc .)

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b ring up to take care of a child until it is fully grown and able tocare for itself ; to train and prepare a child for adult life .

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calm down to become less excited and tense ; to help someone ( or a difficult situation ) to become less excited and tense . a person / a difficult situation etc .

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check in to report one's arrival . at a hotel , an airport etc .

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cheer up to become happier

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come across to find or meet by chance . something or someone

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come up with to think of ; to produce . an idea / a plan / a suggestion etc .

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drop out to withdraw from , or stop taking part in (a competition , a social group , a school , a university , a job etc .)

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fill in a form /a questionnaire etc . to complete (a form )

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find out to make an effort to discover or get to know ( something ). the truth / a secret / an address / the time /

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get over to recover from ( something ) an illness / a failure / a difficulty / a shock etc

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give up to stop doing or having ( something ).( of an habitual activity , smoking / drinking / a job etc .)

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grow up to develop from a child into an adult

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hold on to wait ( especially on the telephone )

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look after to take care of someone or something

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look for to try to find ( something or someone ), often a thing or person that is lost

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look forward to to think with pleasure about a future event that you expect to enjoy

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look up to find ( or try to find ) something ( e.g . a telephone number ) in a book ( e.g . a telephone directory )

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pick up to give someone a ride in a vehicle ; to collect someone or something ( sometimes in a vehicle )

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speak up to speak louder . often used in the imperative

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think over to consider ( something ) carefully . a problem / a proposal / a situation etc .

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1. Make an introduction (state the problem) Paraphrase the problem Ask a question Is the computer a blessing or a curse? We live in a hectic world/ Our life is hectic/Nowadays The world we live in is a fast-food, fast-paced, fast-internet place

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2. Express your personal opinion and give reasons for it In my opinion/to my mind/ I personally think

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3. G ive arguments for the other point of view 4.Е xplain why you don’t agree with it

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5 . Draw a conclusion

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If you want to give an example, you can use For example, For instance, The facts speak for themselves… If you want to add information, use In addition Also Moreover Besides

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If you want to sequence ideas, use Firstly, secondly, finally The first point is Lastly The following For this reason Therefore/that is why /as a result of/owing to/due to/as a consequence of

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If you want to summarize , use To summarize To sum up To conclude In conclusion Taking into consideration / conside ring all the facts mentioned above I can conclude On this basis, I can conclude that… In conclusion, I would like to stress that… All in all, I believe that … This problem has its pros and cons both with sturdy arguments, but the pros outweigh the cons.

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If you want to contrast ideas, write But (is not used at the beginning of a sentence ) On the other hand, However(it is used in the beginning of a sentence) Although / even though Despite / despite the fact that In spite of / In spite of the fact that Nevertheless

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Pros I would (not) fully/ totally agree with this idea because… I do (not) share / support this idea… Just think of the benefits/ advantages of… There are some considerable advantages in… Beyond the shadow of doubt

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Cons I cannot agree/ It is hard to agree with… I absolutely/ Totally disagree with… I cannot accept this idea because… Just think of the consequences/ disadvantages of… I am not too keen on this idea…

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Don’t start sentences with AND, BUT Avoid reductions like DON’T, CAN’T, ISN’T, I’M – they are informal

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An earthquake is the result of a sudden release of energy in the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves.

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There are three main types of fault, all of which may cause an interplate earthquake: normal, reverse (thrust) and strike-slip.

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Earthquakes often occur in volcanic regions and are caused there, both by tectonic faults and the movement of magma in volcanoes. Such earthquakes can serve as an early warning of volcanic eruptions, as during the Mount St. Helens eruption of 1980.

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It is estimated that around 500,000 earthquakes occur each year, detectable with current instrumentation. About 100,000 of these can be felt.

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Minor earthquakes occur nearly constantly around the world in places like California and Alaska in the U.S., as well as in El Salvador, Mexico, Chile, Peru, Indonesia, Iran, Pakistan , Turkey, New Zealand, Greece, Italy, India and Japan, but earthquakes can occur almost anywhere, including Downstate New York, England, and Australia . With the rapid growth of mega-cities such as Mexico City, Tokyo and Tehran, in areas of high seismic risk, some seismologists are warning that a single quake may claim the lives of up to 3 million people .

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Effects of earthquakes ►Shaking and ground rupture Тряска и грунтовый разрыв ►Landslides and avalanches Оползни и обвалы ►Fires ►Soil liquefaction Разжижение грунтов ►Tsunami Floods ►Human impacts Воздействие на человека

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Major earthquakes One of the most devastating earthquakes in recorded history was the 1556 Shaanxi earthquake, which occurred on 23 January 1556 in Shaanxi province, China. More than 830,000 people died . The 1976 Tangshan earthquake, which killed between 240,000 to 655,000 people, was the deadliest of the 20th century . The 1960 Chilean Earthquake is the largest earthquake that has been measured on a seismograph, reaching 9.5 magnitude on 22 May 1960 .

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Earthquakes in culture Mythology and religion In Greek mythology, Poseidon was the cause and god of earthquakes. When he was in a bad mood, he struck the ground with a trident, causing earthquakes . In Japanese mythology, Namazu is a giant catfish ( сомообразный , т.е. рыбка) who causes earthquakes.

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What is the most important thing in the movie? Characters Extras Plot

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What is the most important thing in the movie? Characters Extras Plot

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Who is in charge of the orchestra? Conductor Violinist Pianist

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Who is in charge of the orchestra? Conductor Violinist Pianist

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Where is the gallery located in the theater? Back vender in balcony Center Near the stage

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Where is the gallery located in the theater? Back vender in balcony Center Near the stage

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Which sport is played on a court? Volleyball Tennis Basketball

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Which sport are played on a court? Volleyball Tennis Basketball

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What spoils the air? Exhaust fumes Landfill Oil spill

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What spoils the air? Exhaust fumes Landfill Oil spill

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Which of these i s not a body of water? Lake Cape Bay

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Which of these i s not a body of water? Lake Cape Bay

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Which of these flowers is white? Daffodil Lily of the valley Forget -me-not

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Which of these flowers is white? Daffodil Lily of the valley Forget -me-not

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What do animals do in winter? Eat Hibernate Hunt

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What do animals do in winter? Eat Hibernate Hunt

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Which of these trees grow acorns? Birch Maple Oak

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Which of these trees grow acorns? Birch Maple Oak

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Which of these birds is the biggest? Raven Great tit Sparrow

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Which of these birds is the biggest? Raven Great tit Sparrow

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Which of these birds is the most dangerous? Swallow Magpie Hawk

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Which of these birds is the most dangerous? Swallow Magpie Hawk

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What does not refer to the art? Landscape Engraving Curtain

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What does not refer to the art? Landscape Engraving Curtain

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Last question

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Match the sentence beginnings and endings. Glaciers are a. Being eroded 2. Sea levels are b. Melting 3. Soil is c. Becoming extinct 4. Habitats are d. Rising 5. Animals are e . Being destroyed

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1. B 2. D 3. A 4. E 5. C

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Flooding -flooded area by water. Flooding – is natural disaster. Flood stage begins overflow channel when the water overflows its banks.( Стадия наводнения начинается при переполнении русла, когда вода выходит из берегов. )

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Types of floods Flood - recurrent, prolonged rise water level in rivers, usually caused by spring snowmelt in the plains or rainfall. Floods low terrain. ( Половодье— периодически повторяющийся, довольно продолжительный подъём уровня воды в реках, обычно вызываемый весенним таянием снега на равнинах или дождевыми осадками. Затапливает низкие участки местности. )

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Flash flood - intensive relatively short rise of the water level in the river caused by heavy rains, sometimes rapid melting of snow. In contrast to floods, flash floods can be repeated several times a year. ( Паводок — интенсивный сравнительно кратковременный подъём уровня воды в реке, вызванный обильными дождями, ливнями, иногда быстрым таянием снега при оттепелях. В отличие от половодий, паводки могут повторяться несколько раз в году. )

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Wort - clogging the channel fixed ice cover and hesitate for causing the rise of the water level at the site of accumulation of ice and above it. Flood mash formed in late winter or early spring, and arise from the opening of large rivers flowing from south to north. ( Затор — закупоривание русла неподвижным ледяным покровом стесняющее течение и вызывающее подъём уровня воды в месте скопления льда и выше него. Заторные наводнения образуются в конце зимы или начале весны, и возникают из-за неодновременного вскрытия больших рек, протекающих с юга на север. )

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Surges - a rise of water level in the sea estuaries of large rivers and coastal areas in the windy seas and large lakes,caused by the influence of strong wind on the water surface. Characterized by the absence of periodicity, rare and significant rise of the water level, and usually short-lived. ( Ветровой нагон — это подъём уровня воды в морских устьях крупных рек и на ветреных участках побережья морей, крупных озёр, водохранилищ, вызванный воздействием сильного ветра на водную поверхность. Характеризуются отсутствием периодичности, редкостью и значительным подъёмом уровня воды, а также, как правило, кратковременностью. )

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Classification of floods on the scale Low (small) They are observed in lowland rivers. Cover a small coastal territory. Flooded with less than 10% of agricultural land. Almost do not violate the rhythm of life. Frequency of recurrence 5-10 years. ( Они наблюдаются на равнинных реках. Охватывают небольшие прибрежные территории. Затопляется менее 10 % сельскохозяйственных угодий. Почти не нарушают ритма жизни населения. Периодичность повторения 5—10 лет. )

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Dangerous Cause significant material and moral damage, cover relatively small plots of river valleys, flood 10-20 % of agricultural land. Significantly disrupt economic and social lifestyles of the population. Lead to a partial evacuation. Repeatability 20-25 years. ( Наносят ощутимый материальный и моральный ущерб, охватывают сравнительно небольшие земельные участки речных долин, затапливают примерно 10—20 % сельскохозяйственных угодий. Существенно нарушают хозяйственный и бытовой уклад населения. Приводят к частичной эвакуации людей. Повторяемость 20—25 лет. )

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Catastrophic Lead to loss of life, irreparable environmental damage, material damage, covering the vast territory within one or more of water systems. Flooded more than 70% of agricultural land, a lot of settlements, industrial enterprises. Приводят к гибели людей, непоправимому экологическому ущербу, наносят материальный ущерб, охватывая громадные территории в пределах одной или нескольких водных систем. Затапливается более 70 % сельскохозяйственных угодий, множество населённых пунктов, промышленных предприятий

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Causes of flooding Prolonged rain Snow melt Tsunami The breakthrough of dams and reservoirs Storm

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The giant panda has a body shape typical of bears. They have black fur on its ears, eye patches, muzzle, legs, arms and shoulders. The rest of the animal's coat is white. Although scientists do not know why these unusual bears are black and white, speculation suggests that the bold coloring provides effective camouflage in their shade-dappled snowy and rocky habitat.

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The giant panda is a terrestrial animal and primarily spends its life roaming and feeding in the bamboo forests of the Qinling Mountains and in the hilly Sichuan Province. Giant pandas are generally solitary, and each adult has a defined territory, and a female is not tolerant of other females in her range. Pandas communicate through vocalization and scent marking such as clawing trees.

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They are able to climb and take shelter in hollow trees or rock crevices, but do not establish permanent dens. For this reason, pandas do not hibernate, which is similar to other subtropical mammals, and will instead move to elevations with warmer temperatures. Pandas rely primarily on spatial memory rather than visual memory.

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Thank you for your attention

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Company believes clients should always be aware of new trends in the work of the flower industry

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We have a good job opportunities for employees : flexible working hours, high salary and friendly atmosphere!

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Our employees travel to Holland, Ecuador, Cuba and other countries of the floral world

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In our office we have a great sporting facil i ties, such as swimming pool, gym and etc.

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Besides, our company has a big open-air eating area, where every employee can drink a cup of tea absolutely free!

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Our company is difficult to imagine without holidays! Every month we arrange for employees various corporate parties and events

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Przewalski's horse or Dzungarian horse , is a rare and endangered subspecies of wild horse native to the steppes of central Asia . At one time extinct in the wild , it has been reintroduced to its native habitat in Mongolia .

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The horse is named after the Russian geographer and explorer Nikolai Przhevalsky .

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Most "wild" horses today, such as the American Mustang or the Australian Brumby, are actually feral horses descended from domesticated animals that escaped and adapted to life in the wild. In contrast, Przewalski's horse has never been domesticated and remains the only truly wild horse in the world today.

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Przewalski's horse is stockily built in comparison to domesticated horses, with shorter legs. They weigh around 300 kilograms. The Przewalski's horse has 66 chromosomes, compared to 64 in all other horse species. Characteristics

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In the wild, Przewalski's horses live in small, permanent family groups consisting of one adult stallion, one to three mares, and their common offspring. Stallions and mares stay with their preferred partner for years. Behavior

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The first Round 20 q uestions with 4 variants of answer

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1. What is the name of the Spanish famous painter Dali? A) Vincent B) Claude C) Salvador D) George

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2. What is the genre of this picture painted by Zinaida Serebryakova ? A) A portrait B) A still life C) A self-portrait D) A landscape

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3. What style is characterized by “logical thought and reason”? A) Abstract Art B) Classicism C) Realism D) Cubism

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4. What is Pointillism? A) The style that includes strange dreamlike images B) The style that contains of thousands of coloured dots C) The style that uses exaggerated shapes and colours D) The style that has geometrical shapes

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5. Who is depicted in this picture? A) Animals B) A family C) Musicians D) Painters

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6. What colour dominates in the picture “Sunflowers” painted by Van Gogh? A) Orange B) Yellow C) Green D) White

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7. How is the most famous picture of Edward Munch called? A) The Howl B) The Weeping C) The Scream D) The Groan

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8. Who does not belong to British artists? A) William Hogarth B) William Turner C) Thomas Gainsborough D) Rembrandt

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9. What picture belongs to El Greco?

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10. What artist is famous for his “Sunflowers”? A ) Claude Monet B ) Vincent van Gogh C ) Leonardo da Vinci D ) Michelangelo Buonarotti

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11. It is a picture on a wall or ceiling where a plaster is still wet or damp. A ) Landscape B ) Portrait C ) Fresco D ) Seascape

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12. What style followed Romanticism in the 19 th century? A ) Cubism B ) Classicism C ) Realism D ) Impressionism

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13. What is the name of a heavy fabric used by an artist as a painting surface? A ) Scale B ) Canvas C ) Color box D ) Sketch

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14. What of these pictures belong to J. M.W. Turner?

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15. What is the genre of the painting “ Girl in the Sunlight” painted by V. Serov ? A ) A portrait B ) A seascape C ) A landscape D ) Still life

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16. What artist is famous for the portrait of a woman with a mysterious smile? A ) Rembrandt van Rijn B ) Leonardo da Vinci C ) Pablo Picasso D ) Edward Munch

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17. What style was developed in the 20 th century in Germany? A ) Expressionism B ) Abstract art C ) Surrealism D ) Impressionism

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18. It is a painting of such unanimated subjects as fruit, flowers and other decorative things. A ) Still life B ) Genre painting C ) Portrait D ) Landscape

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19. What is the English for " угасать "? A ) to die down B) to die away C) to die out D) to be dying for

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20. How do you say “ задеть за живое ”? A ) to blend together B ) to demonstrate a great sense of space C ) to stir to the very core D ) to stand the test of time

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The Second Round

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A. To paint smb black Тратить силы попусту B. To paint the lily 2. Подать в яркой, сенсационной форме C. To paint smb with his warts 3. Сойти со сцены D. To paint smth red 4. Представлять что-либо в розовом свете E. To pass from the picture 5. Изображать кого-либо без прикрас F. To paint smth in bright colours 6. Стараться очернить кого-либо G. To paint the town red 7. Представить что-либо в мрачном свете H. To be high up in the picture 8. Быть на высоте положения, преуспевать I. To paint smth in dark colours 9. Предаваться веселью, дебоширить, устроить шумную попойку

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The cello is a … instrument. A. Brass B. String C. Keyboard

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The cello is a string instrument. A. Brass B. String C. Keyboard

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Who wrote Baroque music? A. Beethoven B. Mozart C. Bach D. Debussy

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Who wrote Baroque music? A. Beethoven B. Mozart C. Bach D. Debussy

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How do you understand “to skive lesson”? A. To be well-prepared B. To skip C. To be late

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How do you understand “to skive lesson”? A. To be well-prepared B. To skip C. To be late

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What can you do with your shoulders? A. Stutter B. Shrug C. Stare

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What can you do with your shoulders? A. Stutter B. Shrug C. Stare

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When was the Beatles founded? A. 1961 B. 1956 C. 1960 D. 1963

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When was the Beatles founded? A. 1961 B. 1956 C. 1960 D. 1963

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A synonym to the word “skills” is A. Ability B. Expulsion C. Failure

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A synonym to the word “skills” is A. Ability B. Expulsion C. Failure

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What is higher … ? A. Stalls B. Gallery C. Stage

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What is higher … ? A. Stalls B. Gallery C. Stage

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He screamed and hit … at her. A. On B. Down C. At D. Out

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He screamed and hit out at her. A. On B. Down C. At D. Out

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How do you understand “school fees”? A. Payment B. Vocations C. Boring mood

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How do you understand “school fees”? A. Payment B. Vocations C. Boring mood

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Viola is a … instrument. A. Woodwind B. Brass C. Passion D. String

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Viola is a string instrument. A. Woodwind B. Brass C. Passion D. String

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What is a noun of a verb “graduate”? A. Graduativity B. Graduate C. Gradually

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What is a noun of a verb “graduate”? A. Graduativity B. Graduate C. Gradually

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Who could express 50 different colors of emotions? A. Bach B. Mozart C. Schnittke D. Beethoven

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Who could express 50 different colors of emotions? A. Bach B. Mozart C. Schnittke D. Beethoven

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What is tutorial? A. Everything what is concluded in meaning of education B. Textbook or manual C. It is a kind of relationship between teachers and pupils

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What is tutorial? A. Everything what is concluded in meaning of education B. Textbook or manual C. It is a kind of relationship between teachers and pupils

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Flute is a … instrument. A. Brass B. Percussion C. Woodwind D. String

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Flute is a woodwind instrument. A. Brass B. Percussion C. Woodwind D. String

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Where was the Beatles founded ? A. Liverpool B. Edinburg C. London D. Bristol

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Where was the Beatles founded ? A. Liverpool B. Edinburg C. London D. Bristol

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-Where is he now ? -I only … I knew. A. Long B. Yearn C. Wish

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-Where is he now ? -I only wish I knew. A. Long B. Yearn C. Wish

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What exam is compulsory? A. Math's B. PE C. Language exam D. Economy

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What exam is compulsory? A. Math's B. PE C. Language exam D. Economy

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If you want to get more points at your exam, you need to write a lot of … exam. A. Mock B. Internal C. A-level D. Assessment

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If you want to get more points at your exam, you need to write a lot of … exam. A. Mock B. Internal C. A-level D. Assessment

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The Florida Panther is a large cat, also known as the Cougar or mountain lion. Wild cat can be found in Central Canada, in the South-West Alaska, South and Middle America.

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The animal is solitary, except in the breeding season. Hunts Puma mainly at the time when twilight comes, and in the daytime loves to soak up the sun or sleep in the den. This animal does not like to run, as she quickly exhaled. Although meek distances can reach the speed of fifty kilometers per hour.

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Its main prey is deer. Food it can serve as coyotes, armadillos, porcupines, Prairie dogs, rabbits, mice, anteaters, marmots, small birds, bird eggs and even American alligators. The female bears from 1 to 3 cubs. Pregnancy lasts for 90-100 days. In the wild live up to 20 years. The only subspecies of Cougars listed in the IUCN Red list with a status of "in critical condition"