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методическая разработка по теме

Many people think … but others do not agree.

Многие люди думают, (что) ... , но другие не согласны.

Let us consider what the advantages and disadvantages of … are.

Рассмотрим, каковы преимущества и недостатки ... .

Let’s consider some pros and cons of it.

Давайте рассмотрим некоторые плюсы и минусы (этого).

Let us start by considering the facts.

Начнем с рассмотрения фактов.

Let us start by considering pros and cons of it.

Начнем с рассмотрения плюсов и минусов (этого).

It is generally agreed today that …

 Сегодня общепризнано, что ... .

To begin with, … .

Начнем с того, что ... .

You can … .

Вы можете (Можно) ... .

Firstly, ... / Secondly, ... / Finally, ... .

Во-первых, ... / Во-вторых, .../ Наконец, ... .

One argument in support of ... .

 Один из аргументов в поддержку ... .

The first thing that needs to be said is ... .

Первое, что нужно сказать, это то, что ... . (Прежде всего, следует сказать, что … .)

First and foremost … .

 В первую очередь … .

It is true that ... / clear that ... / noticeable that ... .

Это правда, что ... / Ясно, что ... / Примечательно, что ...

One should note here that ... .

Здесь следует отметить, что ... .

Another good thing about … is that … .

Еще один положительный момент … заключается в (том, что) ... .

The second reason for ... .

 Вторая причина ... .

It is often said that ... .

 Часто говорят, что ... .

It is undeniable that...

Нельзя отрицать, что ... .

It is a well-known fact that ... .

 Хорошо известно, что ... .

For the great majority of people ... .

 Для подавляющего большинства людей ... .

We live in a world in which ... .

Мы живем в мире, в котором ... .

A number of key issues arise from the statement. For instance, ... .

Это утверждение затрагивает ряд ключевых вопросов. Например, ... .

One of the most striking features of this problem is ... .

Один из самых поразительных аспектов этой проблемы ... .

First of all, let us try to understand ... .

 Прежде всего, давайте попытаемся понять ... .

The public in general tend to believe that ... .

Общественность в целом склонна полагать, что ... .

What is more, … .

Более того, ... .

Besides, … because it is … .

Кроме того, ... потому что ... .

Doubtless, ... .

 Несомненно, ... .

One cannot deny that ... .

 Нельзя отрицать, что ... .

It is (very) clear from these observations that ... .

Из этих наблюдений (абсолютно) ясно, что ... .

On the other hand, we can observe that ... .

С другой стороны, мы можем наблюдать, что ... .

The other side of the coin is, however, that ... .

Однако, с другой стороны, ... .

Another way of looking at this question is to ... .

Чтобы взглянуть на эту проблему с другой стороны, надо ... .

One should, nevertheless, consider the problem from another angle.

Тем не менее, следует взглянуть на эту проблему с другой стороны

One should, however, not forget that ... .

Тем не менее, не следует забывать, что ... .

If on the one hand it can be said that ... the same is not true for ... .

И если с одной стороны, можно сказать, что ... , то же самое нельзя сказать о ... .

On the other hand, … .

С другой стороны, ... .

Although … .

Хотя ... .

Besides, … .

Кроме того, ... .

Moreover, … .

 Более того, … .

Furthermore, one should not forget that ... .

Кроме того, не следует забывать, что ... .

In addition to ... .

Кроме (того, что) ... .

Nevertheless, one should accept that ... .

Тем не менее, следует признать, что ... .

However, we also agree that ... .

Однако, мы также согласны с тем, что ... .

Experts...

Эксперты ...

... believe that … .

... считают, что … .

... say that … .

... говорят, что …

... suggest that … .

... предполагают, что … .

... are convinced that … .

... убеждены, что … .

... point out that … .

... отмечают, что … .

... emphasize that … .

 ... подчеркивают, что … .

According to some experts...

По мнению некоторых экспертов, ... .

Perhaps we should also point out the fact that ... .

Возможно, нам также следует отметить тот факт, что ... .

It would be unfair not to mention that fact that ... .

Было бы несправедливо не упомянуть тот факт, что ... .

One must admit that ... .

 Надо признать, что ... .

We cannot ignore the fact that ... .

Мы не можем игнорировать тот факт, что ...

One cannot possibly accept the fact that ... .

 Трудно смириться с тем фактом, что ... .

From these facts, one may conclude that ... .

Из этих фактов, можно сделать вывод (о том), что ... .

Which seems to confirm the idea that ... .

Что, по-видимому, подтверждает мысль (о том), что ... .

Thus, ... / Therefore,...

Таким образом, ... / Поэтому ... .

The most common argument against this is that ... .

Наиболее распространенным аргументом против этого является то, что ...

In conclusion, I can say that although … , … .

         В заключение я могу сказать, что, хотя ... , ... .

To draw the conclusion, one can say that … .

Подводя итог, можно сказать, что ... .

So it’s up to everybody to decide whether … or not.

Так что каждый должен решить для себя ... ли … , или нет.

The arguments we have presented ... suggest that ... / prove that ... / would indicate that ... .

Представленные нами аргументы ... предполагают, что ... / доказывают, что ... / указывают на то, что ... .

From these arguments one must ... / could... / might ... conclude that ... .

Исходя из этих аргументов, надо ... / можно ... / можно было бы ... прийти к заключению о том, что ... .

1

In a cafe

2

In a shop

3

In the cinema

4

In the airport

5

In a library

Диалог

A

B

C

D

Место действия

1.

The speaker says what language he/she wants to learn and why.

2.

The speaker talks about language education in his/her country.

3.

The speaker explains what language he/she finds difficult to learn.

4.

The speaker explains how to learn a foreign language quickly.

5.

The speaker talks about the most popular language in the world.

6.

The speaker explains how to teach a foreign language to children.

Говорящий

A

B

C

D

Утверждение

1)

three people were injured in the accident.

2)

three vehicles were damaged in the accident.

3)

the bus was damaged in the accident.

1)

in one of the cars.

2)

in a city bus.

3)

crossing the road.

1)

to her morning class.

2)

home after school.

3)

to the city centre.

1)

scared.

2)

indifferent.

3)

curious.

1)

the weather conditions were bad.

2)

one of the drivers was talking on the phone. 

3)

one of the drivers was driving too fast.

1)

smoke.

2)

listen to music.

3)

talk to passengers.

1.

The history of the name

5.

Pumpkin recipes

2.

Pumpkin: brief facts

6.

Pumpkin’s magical popularity

3.

Cooking with pumpkin

7.

Growing a pumpkin

4.

The autumn celebrity fruit

8.

Pumpkin in the learning process

A

The pumpkin is a large round fruit with a thick orange skin and large seeds. Pumpkins are 90% water but they contain potassium and vitamin A. Six of seven continents can grow pumpkins. Pumpkins symbolize the colours and the spirit of the autumn. Lots of movies were made with pumpkin and Halloween themes.

B

It's believed that pumpkins come from North America. Native American Indians ate pumpkins for centuries before the Europeans discovered the fruit. In European languages the word ''pumpkin'' originated from the Greek word for "large melon" which is "pepon." "Pepon" was changed by the French into "pompon." The English changed "pompon" to "pumpion."

C

In the United States, pumpkins go hand in hand with the autumn holidays of Thanksgiving and Halloween. On almost every Thanksgiving table there is the customary Pumpkin Pie. Pumpkins are carved into decorated lanterns for Halloween. The pumpkin is also one of the important symbols of the harvest festivals and has been an American favourite for over 400 years now.

D

In the USA, the pumpkin is a very popular Thanksgiving dish. We don't know for sure whether the pumpkin was at the very first Thanksgiving dinner but it was used in all traditional meals long before the arrival of the Europeans. Most parts of the pumpkin are suitable for eating, including the shell, the seeds, the leaves, and even the flowers. When ripe, the pumpkin can be boiled, baked, steamed or roasted.

E

The pumpkin is a warm-season fruit. If you want to have a nice pumpkin for Halloween, plant the seeds from late May in northern regions to early July in southern regions. Pumpkins can be harvested whenever they are a deep, solid colour (orange for most varieties) and the coat is hard. Cut off pumpkins carefully and leave 3 to 4 inches of stem attached.

F

The pumpkin is a real October icon – the fruit of the month. It's also popular as an available, inexpensive material for some wonderful classroom activities! Its size, colour, smell and taste make it perfect for observation and exploration. Working in groups students can search, suggest, predict and estimate the number of seeds in a set of pumpkins.

G

For centuries the pumpkin has been popular with wizards, witches and fairies. Maybe that’s why it is celebrated in so many festivals, folklore and fiction. People make jack-o'-lanterns at Halloween in the USA. In European and American fairy-tales witches often turn people into pumpkins. Even in modern the Harry Potter novels  pumpkin juice is the favourite drink of the students of Hogwart’s school.

Тексты

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

Заголовки

A7

To keep koalas as pets is very difficult.

1)

True

2)

False

3)

Not stated

A8

Most animals enjoy eating fresh eucalyptus leaves.

1)

True

2)

False

3)

Not stated

A9

Koalas eat low-calorie food.

1)

True

2)

False

3)

Not stated

A10

Koalas need a lot of fresh water to stay healthy.

1)

True

2)

False

3)

Not stated

A11

Koalas are more active at night than at daytime.

1)

True

2)

False

3)

Not stated

A12

Koalas protect their territory from other koalas.

1)

True

2)

False

3)

Not stated

A13

The baby koala can easily recognize its mother among other female koalas.

1)

True

2)

False

3)

Not stated

A14

The number of koalas in Australia is falling down dramatically.

1)

True

2)

False

3)

Not stated

B4

When Allan got to the airport, the airport official said: “I’m sorry, sir, but your plane __________________off.

TAKE

B5

You will have to take the next flight. You __________________ in New York at about midnight.”

ARRIVE

B6

Allan was very upset: “I must be in New York at 6pm. I have a job interview there. I can't miss it. It’s the __________________ job in the world.

GOOD

B7

Thousands of men and __________________ dream about such a job.”

WOMAN

B8

The airport lady __________________ nothing and turned to another passenger. Allan wanted to ask her about other  possible options, but she looked very busy so he stepped aside.

SAY

B9

Allan didn't know what to do. He realised that he __________________ to call to the company manager and tell him that he would not come.

HAVE

B10

For the __________________ time in his life Allan felt really disappointed.

ONE

B11

There probably wouldn't be a second chance for __________________. He pulled out his notebook.

HE

B12

The time of the interview __________________ there: 6pm, Tuesday. Allan looked at his digital watch and read: 2pm, Monday.

WRITE

B13

Everyone knows how important water is.

Life on the planet would be __________________ without it.

POSSIBLE

B14

Whatever your __________________ drink is, you can’t make it without water.

FAVOUR

B15

We need water for __________________ things: cooking, washing and producing goods.

DIFFER

B16

My uncle, who is a __________________, says that he waters his vegetables and fruit trees a lot in dry weather.

FARM

B17

_________________, fresh water resources on the Earth are limited and they are running out. Scientists warn that we may lack drinking water in the near future.

FORTUNATELY

B18

We should be __________________ and we should not waste it.

CARE

Сейчас Вы будете выполнять задания по аудированию. Каждый текст прозвучит 2 раза. После первого и второго прослушивания у Вас будет время для выполнения и проверки заданий. Все паузы включены в аудиозапись. Остановка и повторное воспроизведение аудиозаписи не предусмотрены.

Вы услышите четыре коротких диалога, обозначенных А, B, C и D.  Определите, где происходит каждый из этих диалогов. Используйте каждое место действия из списка 1–5 только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее место действия. Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу.

Dialogue А

A:

Excuse me, where can I pay for this book?

B:

There, at the cash desk.

A:

Thanks. I also need a good French-English dictionary.

B:

Of course. We have a wide choice of paperback dictionaries as well as electronic ones.

A:

Can I have a look at some electronic dictionaries first?

Dialogue B

A:

Do you know where the WiFi zone is?

B:

It must be somewhere here, in the passenger area. Look there’s the sign. Do you want to check your e-mails?

A:

Yeah, and I want to browse the web.…  Our flight is delayed and we have to wait anyway.

B:

Ok, but don’t get carried away … you may miss the boarding announcement.

 Dialogue C

A:

Do you often come here?

B:

No, not really. But I like the place. It’s quiet and not too expensive, and there’s free Wi-Fi - very convenient.

A:

Yeah, but you have to put aside your computer now because I enjoy talking while I’m eating.  

B:

Ok, no problem. So what would you like to eat? I recommend tuna salad. I always have it.

 Dialogue D

A:

Hey, turn off your mobile. It always makes a noise. You’re not allowed to use mobiles here, don’t you know that?

B:

Ok, but pass me the popcorn, please. I like eating while watching a film.

A:

Don’t you like it at all?  It’s an Oscar-nominated film and there’s a bunch of celebrities in it.

B:

I like action more, you know. And I generally prefer home video – no one makes me switch off my mobile.

Вы услышите 5 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–E и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–6. Используйте каждое утверждение из списка 1–6 только один раз. В списке 1–6 есть одно лишнее утверждение.

Вы услышите запись дважды. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. У вас есть 30 секунд, чтобы ознакомиться с заданием.

Sally:

Hi, Adam! Have you heard the news? There was an accident near our school this morning.

Adam:

Oh, Sally! Was anybody injured?

Sally:

Fortunately not. But three cars were seriously damaged.

Adam:

Gosh!

Sally:

Yes, a lorry and two small cars.

Adam:

Oh!

Sally:

The lorry started to slow down before the crossroads, but the driver of the Peugeot 307 didn’t notice and crashed into it. And a second later, a Mini Cooper smashed into the back of it.

Adam:

Awful! And you saw it all, did you?

Sally:

Yes, I did. I saw it from the bus window. I was just on my way to school when it happened. The road was completely blocked because of the accident. I had to get off the city bus and run to school so as not to be late for my first class.

Adam:

You must have been very scared by the accident.

Sally:

No, not really. It's funny, but I became more popular with my schoolmates. Everyone wanted to talk to me to find out more details.

Adam:

Hm. And why did it all happen? Slippery road, fog or rain?

Sally:

No. It was nice and clear. There wasn’t much traffic on the roads. And nobody exceeded the speed limit.

Adam:

What was it then?

Sally:

I think it was totally the Peugeot driver’s fault. He was talking on his mobile phone at the time. He definitely couldn’t concentrate on driving.

Adam:

Using a phone is very risky while driving. Everyone knows that.

Sally:

Yeah. There are lots of things that may distract a driver. Smoking, for example, or talking with the passengers. Even the stereo system may do harm. When you listen to loud music, it affects how you drive. But I believe smoking while driving is the worst. The police should stop smoking drivers and fine them.

Adam:

Yeah, I agree with that. But smokers will object to your idea, I’m afraid.

Sally:

Never mind. All sensible people will support it. It would reduce the number of accidents I’m sure.