Английский язык 7 класс
учебно-методический материал по английскому языку (7 класс)
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- Read the text and choose the correct grammatical form. (10 points)
The lives of the Inuit people of North America have changed a lot in 50 years. First, their name: people called them Eskimos, but now they are called Inuits, A____ means “the people”. They lived in igloos in the winter but today many of them live in houses in small towns. They hunted seals — they ate the meat and B____ clothes from the fur. Many of the people still wear seal-skin clothes today because they are very warm. Remember, the weather is extremely cold for many months of the year. 80-year-old Inuit, Mariano Tagalik, C____ us a little about her early life. “Our winter igloos were very warm. We cooked inside so sometimes it got too hot. When I was a child I took D____ most of my clothes when I was in our igloo. In the short summers we lived in seal-skin tents, but I spent as much time as possible playing outside.” To move over the snow, they wore special snowshoes on their feet, but today many Inuits E____ snowmobiles. These machines can travel long distances in a short time. In the past it took them days or weeks to travel the same distance.
A 1) who 2) what 3) which 4) when
B 1) did 2) made 3) fashioned 4) created
C 1) talked 2) told 3) said 4) spoke
D 1) out 2) on 3) off 4) after
E 1) drive 2) lead 3) take 4) go
- Choose the correct verb. (10 points)
- I _____ (not clean) my football boots.
- Haven’t cleaned b) Hasn’t cleaned c) Haven’t cleaning
- It’s still snowing. It … (snow) for hours.
- Snowed b) Has been snowing c) Had snowed
- Don’t worry, the film … (not start) yet.
- Hasn’t started b) Hadn’t started c) Haven’t started
- The dish-washer is OK now. Dad … (repair) it.
- Have repaired b) Has repaired c) Has been repairing
- Mum is very tired. She … (clean) the house all day.
- Has cleaning b) Has cleaned c) Has been cleaning
- Use Past Perfect of the verbs in the box to complete the sentences. (6 points)
to leave, to go, to die, to see, to live, to fly
I didn’t read the text in class because I … my book at home.
The children didn’t want to go to the cinema because they ... already ... the film.
Kate wasn’t at home last week because she ... to visit her uncle.
Linda never knew her father because he ... before she was born.
I was excited when the plane took off because I... never ... before.
My grandfather was always afraid of animals because he ... never ... in the country.
26 – 24 = «5»
23 – 19 = «4»
18 – 15 = «3»
14 – 1 = «2»
- Read the text and choose the correct grammatical form.
The lives of the Inuit people of North America have changed a lot in 50 years. First, their name: people called them Eskimos, but now they are called Inuits, A____ means “the people”. They lived in igloos in the winter but today many of them live in houses in small towns. They hunted seals — they ate the meat and B____ clothes from the fur. Many of the people still wear seal-skin clothes today because they are very warm. Remember, the weather is extremely cold for many months of the year. 80-year-old Inuit, Mariano Tagalik, C____ us a little about her early life. “Our winter igloos were very warm. We cooked inside so sometimes it got too hot. When I was a child I took D____ most of my clothes when I was in our igloo. In the short summers we lived in seal-skin tents, but I spent as much time as possible playing outside.” To move over the snow, they wore special snowshoes on their feet, but today many Inuits E____ snowmobiles. These machines can travel long distances in a short time. In the past it took them days or weeks to travel the same distance.
A 1) who 2) what 3) which 4) when
B 1) did 2) made 3) fashioned 4) created
C 1) talked 2) told 3) said 4) spoke
D 1) out 2) on 3) off 4) after
E 1) drive 2) lead 3) take 4) go
- Choose the correct verb.
- I _____ (not clean) my football boots.
- Haven’t cleaned b) Hasn’t cleaned c) Haven’t cleaning
- It’s still snowing. It … (snow) for hours.
- Snowed b) Has been snowing c) Had snowed
- Don’t worry, the film … (not start) yet.
- Hasn’t started b) Hadn’t started c) Haven’t started
- The dish-washer is OK now. Dad … (repair) it.
- Have repaired b) Has repaired c) Has been repairing
- Mum is very tired. She … (clean) the house all day.
- Has cleaning b) Has cleaned c) Has been cleaning
- Use Past Perfect of the verbs in the box to complete the sentences.
to leave, to go, to die, to see, to live, to fly
I didn’t read the text in class because I … my book at home.
The children didn’t want to go to the cinema because they ... already ... the film.
Kate wasn’t at home last week because she ... to visit her uncle.
Linda never knew her father because he ... before she was born.
I was excited when the plane took off because I... never ... before.
My grandfather was always afraid of animals because he ... never ... in the country.
26 – 24 = «5»
23 – 19 = «4»
18 – 15 = «3»
14 – 1 = «2»
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- He was absolutely … (fear) because he decided to jump from a 212-metre bridge.
- You look … (health). You should visit a doctor as soon as possible.
- This table is … (move). If you need to move it — do it.
- It was very … (danger) to drive in such a pouring rain so we decided to stay.
- What a … (taste) dinner you’ve prepared. Can you share a recipe?
- It was … (not polite) of you to talk to her in such a manner.
- Luckily, this …. (tragedy) event happened when everyone was out.
- The story you told us was … (delight).
- He has a very … (athlete) body. What kind of sport does he play?
- What you’ve done is both … (not legal) and … (not responsible). You are left with no pocket money till the end of the year.
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Had + V 3 / Ved
When we use it? используется, когда у нас есть два действия в прошлом и нам важно показать, что одно из них произошло раньше другого . She came to the office to meet him, but he had already left . — Она пришла в офис , чтобы встретиться с ним , но он уже ушел . Описывая момент, к которому было завершено действие в прошлом . Используется предлог by . Например, by Friday (к пятнице) They had run out of money by the end of the month . — К концу месяца у них закончились деньги .
When we use it? Past Perfect употребляется в предложениях с глаголами, которые связаны с мыслительными процессами : think (думать), know (знать), decide (решать), believe (верить, полагать), hope (надеяться), remember (помнить), forget (забывать) и др. Эти глаголы употребляем в Past Simple , а вторую часть предложения — в Past Pe rfect . I thought you had called Eric to invite him to the party . — Я думала , что ты позвонил Эрику, чтобы пригласить его на вечеринку.
When we use it? используется, когда нужно объяснить причину того, что произошло. В той части предложения, где указывается причина, используем Past Perfect , а где результат действия — Past Simple . I was very upset as my son had forgotten about my birthday. — Я была очень расстроена, так как мой сын забыл о моем дне рождения.
When we use it? используется в условных предложениях третьего типа — в той части предложения, где есть условие . В таких предложениях высказываются сожаления о том, что произошло в прошлом и уже никак нельзя изменить в настоящем. If you had left earlier, you would not have missed the train. — Если бы ты вышел раньше, ты бы не опоздал на поезд.
What is the difference? Past Simple Past Perfect. действия происходят в хронологическом порядке нужно показать, какое действие произошло первым Слова маркёры Слова маркёры
What is the difference? Present Perfect Past Perfect. действия, которое завершилось к настоящему моменту действия, которое началось и завершилось к определенному моменту в прошлом. He has already left , but you can call him and ask to wait for you. — Он уже ушел , но ты можешь ему позвонить и попросить подождать тебя. When I called the police, the thief had already gone . — Когда я позвонил в полицию , вор уже убежал .
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Что такое Present Perfect Continuous ? Действие началось в прошлом, но продолжается в настоящем времени. По длительности действие может продолжаться сколько угодно: час, день, месяц, год . Have/has + been + V ing She has been living in New York since 1993. — Она живет в Нью-Йорке с 1993 года . My grandma hasn't been visiting us since March. — Моя бабушка не навеща ет нас с марта .
To have - Сокращенные формы Have = ‘ve Has = ‘s She’s been living in New York since 1993. Have not = haven’t Has not = hasn’t She hasn’t been living in New York since 1993.
Вопросы Если это общий вопрос, Have всегда впереди You have been trying to call her => Have you been trying to call her? — Ты пытаешься ей позвонить ? Если же это спец. вопрос , то есть ( why , who , which , what , where , when , and how ) , вопросительное слово впереди. How long have you been staying in Moscow for? — Как долго ты уже в Москве ? !обратите внимание на порядок слов! Всп. гл .+подлежащее+ been+Ving (сказуемое)
Когда употребляется? Действие началось в прошлом и продолжается в настоящем. You have been waiting here for two hours. — Ты уже здесь ждешь два часа . обозначает действие, которое началось когда-то в прошлом, длилось какое-то время и только что или совсем недавно завершилось . My headache is killing me because I have been taking this new medicine. — У меня страшно болит голова, потому что я стала принимать новое лекарство. Когда хочется поделиться недавними новостями. What have you all been doing recently ? – Чем вы все занимались в последнее время ? Не употребляется с глаголами состояния. Они не выражают процесса и не подразумевают продолжительности действия, а констатируют факт. ( love, remember, believe, need, contain, seem и другие )
В чем разница? время Когда используется Present Perfect Относится к действиям, начавшимся в прошлом и имеющим связь с настоящим.(есть результат) They have finished their work for today. — Они закончили работу на сегодня. Present Perfect Continuous Действие началось в прошлом. Оно продолжается в настоящем времени, либо у него известен результат в настоящем. Не используется с глаголами состояния. She has been working away in the kitchen all day. — Она трудится на кухне целый день . Present Continuous Относится к действиям происходящим в настоящий момент. I am watching TV. — Я смотрю телевизор.
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Административная контрольная работа по английскому языку в 7 классе
Ex. 1. Read and mark statements are true (T), false (F) or not stated (NS).
A girl with a pearl earring
The girl in the famous canvas by Jan Vermeer is just a servant, whom he decided to capture for centuries. In those days, ordinary women were not painted, but the famous artist was so inspired by the image of a girl with an earring that he took a kind of risk. In those days, women covered their hair. It is believed that instead of a bonnet, an ordinary bedspread has become a headdress. The artist took the earrings from his wife in secret.
The girl in the picture has a pale milky skin tone, barely noticeable eyebrows and brown eyes. Her lips have a delicate shade of ripe strawberries. The girl's gaze is directed at the viewer, and it looks very realistic. There are different legends around the relationship between the maid and Jan. But one thing is clear: to create such a plot of a picture, he had to have talent.
Jan Vermeer created all the paintings using a pinhole camera. This device made it possible to look at what was happening around from a different angle. The artist used the most expensive paints, and painted each picture for six months. There is also a guess that the painting depicts the daughter of Vermeer. But no one still knows exactly who became the prototype of the girl with the pearl earring.
1. In the time of Jan Vermeer, only ladies were painted.
2. The earrings were the property of the girl in the painting.
3. Jan Vermeer is a 17th century Dutch painter.
4. The girl in the picture looks into the distance.
5. Camera obscura helped the artist in his work.
Ex. 2. Put the verbs in brackets into the Present Simple, Present Continuous, Past Simple or Future Simple.
1. She (to walk) to school every day?
2. It (not to rain) last week.
3. Doctors and nurses often (to help) people in community clinics.
4. Jack (to talk) on the phone at the moment.
5. I don't know what she thinks about it, but I (to ask) her.
6. Tim (to leave) my house yesterday.
7. You (to play) volleyball tomorrow?
8. Hurry up! We (not to have) much time left. — I am coming!
9. My mum (not to wash) the dishes now, she has gone shopping.
10. I (to go) to my doctor tomorrow.
Ex. 3. Select a photo and describe it. You have a minute and a half to prepare and no more than two minutes to answer. You should have a story (7-8 sentences).
План ответа поможет вам:
— the place
— the action
— the appearance of the person
— whether you like the picture or not
— why
Start with: “I’d like to describe picture № ... . The picture shows …”
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Клише к 3 заданию ВПР (описание картинки)
1. I'd like to describe picture № ...
2. this picture shows a man (мужчина)/ a woman (женщина), a boy (мальчик)/ a girl (девочка)
3. The picture was taken outside (снаружи) / inside (внутри)
4. The man is in the room (комната), at home (дом), in the park (в парке), at school (школа),
5. Looking at this picture I get the impression that he/she is (глагол + ing)
6. The weather is sunny and warm (солнечно и тепло) / cold (холодно) / rainy (дождливо)
7. The man/ girl is wearing T-shirt/jeans/boots/shorts/ jacket/trainers/hat
8. To my mind he/she is about ... years old.
9. He/she has blue/green eyes (голубые/зеленые глаза) and fair/dark hair (русые/темные волосы)
10. I like the picture because it is full of positive emotion
11. That's all I wanted to say.
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Промежуточная аттестационная работа по английскому языку за 2023-2024 учебный год
7 класс
- Listen and fill in the gaps.
2. Выберите правильный вариант.
6. Brian is a very .................. boy and the best student in his class.
a. intelligent b. glance c.pipe
7. I like beautiful……………… in our village.
a. public b. dictionary c. landscapes
8. John lives in the country because he likes the friendly and ………… people.
a. helpful b. heavy c. crowded
9. He can speak three ….: English, German and French.
a. languages b. knowledge c. nationality
10. The athlete broke the world …….……. for the 100 m race.
a. idea b. record c. advice
11. There's аn ............... with Вrаd Pitt in today's newspaper.
a. interview b. message c. weather
12. Swimming is not ………. in this river.
a. allowed b. polluted c. polite
13. Fаmоus people such as actors and sportsmen аrе …..…... fоr tееnаgеrs.
a. role models b. school assignments c. headphones
14. … they travel by bicycle every weekend.
a. To keep fit b. Figure skating c. Hardly sleep
15. I find ………….. the most stressful.
a. taking care with your parents b. getting enough sleep c. arguing with parents
16. The book is very …………
a. bored b. boring c. bore
3. Запиibnt правильный вариант в предложение.
- This film is the ………..film ever!
a. most successful b. more successful c. succesfullest
- He is ……….at playing the violin than his brother.
a. better b. good c. best
- Mary is ……….than Garth.
a. funniest b. funnier c. funny
- That is the ……..film I’ve seen in ages!
a. worst b. badest c. worse
- James is….. than Mike.
a. tallest b. taller c. tall
4. Выберите правильную форму глагола.
22. He usually …….(drink) coffee in mornings.
a. is drinking b. drinks
23. At the moment they………. (play) football.
a. is playing b. are playing
24. Jane …….(read) the newspaper when the phone rang.
a. read b. was reading
25. We ……..(move) house in 2000.
a. have been moving b. have moved
26. They ……just ………(plant) flowers.
a. have planted b. have been planting
5. Прочитайте текст, выберите утверждение: T (true) or F (false).
The National Sport of England
Football is the most рорulаr sport in England. ln fact, а lot of English people say it is their national sport.
English people have played football fоr а vеrу long time. Ноwеvеr, the game didn’t have аnу rеаl rulеs until the l9th сеntuгу. ln l815, Eton College created гulеs to make the gаmе less violent and lаtеr, in l848, Cambridge university made mаnу of the mоdеrn rulеs. Football quickly became as рорulаr as оthеr games such аs cricket.
Today, thеrе аrе thousands of fооtbаll clubs in England, and professional clubs, such as Аrsеnаl, Livеrрооl and Маnсhеstеr United аrе famous all оvеr the world.
Football has bесоmе раrt of the сulturаl life in England and hundreds of thousands of fans suрроrt thеir fаvоuritе teams in stadiums аrоund the country еvеrу weekend. Маnу English сhildrеn have football lessons at school. And famous footballers, such as David Beckham and Michael Owen hаvе become rоlе models fоr а lot of these сhildrеn.
27.Football rules were created in the 19th century. ……
28. Arsenal is unknown football team. ……
29. The English like football. ……
30. Football fans often go to stadiums. …...
31. Cricket is one of popular game in England.
ОТВЕТЫ для учителя
1 | 2 |
2 | 1 |
3 | 3 |
4 | 1 |
5 | 3 |
6 | a |
7 | c |
8 | a |
9 | a |
10 | b |
11 | a |
12 | a |
13 | a |
14 | a |
15 | c |
16 | b |
17 | a |
18 | a |
19 | b |
20 | a |
21 | b |
22 | b |
23 | b |
24 | b |
25 | b |
26 | a |
27 | T |
28 | F |
29 | T |
30 | T |
31 | T |
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Прилагательное – это часть речи, обозначающая признак, свойства предметов и отвечающая на вопрос What kind ? (Какой ?) Простые ( red,small,wet ) Производные ( famous,friendly,crucial ) Составные (well-done, world-famous, dark-blue)
Производные из существительных - ful , - ous (обозначают наличие определенного свойства ): respect – respectful, beauty – beautiful – less (обозначает недостаток определенного качества ): use – useless, shame – shameless - ly (обозначает свойство, характерное для предметов и лиц ): Friend – friendly, life – lively - en (обозначает материал, из которого сделан предмет ): wool – woolen, earth – earthen -y, - ic , - al (обозначают признаки, характерные для или иных явлений ): fun – funny, rain – rainy - ish (обозначает малую, незначительную степень свойства предмета или национальную принадлежность ): snob – snobbish , Britain – British
Производные из глаголов - able , - ible (обозначают присутствие определенного свойства ): to respond – responsible , to accept – acceptable - ent , - ant (обозначают качество, полученное как результат действия, обозначенного глаголом ): to dominate – dominant , to persist – persistent
Производные из прилагательных Un-, dis- : (нехватка, отсутствие, отрицательное качество) honest – dishonest , grateful – ungrateful ! In- , im -, il -, ir - : famous – infamous , regular – irregular Non- : functional – nonfunctional
Составные Существительное +существительное : part-time – внештатный, не полностью занятый Прилагательное + прилагательное : dark-green – тёмно-зеленый Существительное + прилагательное : worldwide – всемирный Прилагательное + причастие настоящего времени : hard-working – трудолюбивый Прилагательное + причастие прошедшего времени : light-hearted – беспечный, weak-willed – слабохарактерный Наречие + причастие прошедшего времен и : well-done – хорошо сделанный, well-balanced – рассудительный Числительное + существительное : two-way – двусторонний Числительное + причастие прошедшего времени : two-faced – двуличный, лживый.
New form of testing Marco Polo is ( Fame)___ for his journeys across Asia. He was one of the first Europeans to travel in Mongolia and China. He wrote a ( Fame)___ book called 'The Travels'. He was born in Venice, Italy in 1254. In 1272, when he was only 17 years old, he travelled to Asia with his father and uncle. The journey was very long. They (visit)___ a lot of places and saw (wonder)___ things: eye glasses, ice-cream, spaghetti and the riches of Asia. After three years they entered China through the Great Wall. In 1275 Kublai Khon , the Emperor of China, met the visitors at his Summer Palace in the capital of China at Xanadu. The palace was very (beauty)___. There were a lot of gold things and silk curtains. The Emperor gave a big banquet. There were more than a thousand people in the palace. On the emperor's birthday 5,000 soldiers rode through the city to the palace on elephants. Marco Polo visited some huge markets, where merchants from all over the world bought and sold all kinds of things. He was happy to see one of the greatest cities of the thirteenth century and spent 18 years in China. When he (return)___ to Italy in 1295, he became a popular storyteller. People came to his home to hear stories about his journeys in the East. Many of them (not believe)____ him. When he died, he said: 'I haven't told half of what I saw, because no one can believe it .'
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I. Oral comprehension. Listen to James asking about a computer magazine. For questions 1-5 tick A, B, C. You will hear the conversation twice.
1. Steve’s favourite magazine at the moment is…
A Pixel B Byte C Compumania
2. The magazine costs…
A 1.50 pound B 2.00 pounds C 2.50 pounds
3.This month the magazine is giving away a…
A CD B DVD C memory card
4. The magazine has articles on…
A online learning B web design C music
5. The magazine also has a…
A web address B web site C web camera
II. Choose the correct answer.
1. It __________ now.
a) snows b) snowed c) is snowing
2. She ________ tennis well.
a) play b) doesn’t play c) don’t play
3. He ______ to school yesterday.
a) is going b) goes c) went
4. _____ help me with the dishes?
a) will b) shall c) have
5. Yesterday we ____ a big cake and ate it all.
a) have bought b) will buy c) bought
6. ____ Sheila since her car accident?
a) Did you see b) Will you see c) Have you seen
III. Read the texts and find the suitable headings. There is odd one.
a. A Tour of England
b. Favourite Dishes
c. Fantastic Film
d. Asking the Way
e. Old Russian Town
f. Holiday in England
g. The Founder of Trousers
1. You really feel as if you’re there in Middle Earth, with all characters. There are brilliant
special effects too. I can wait to see the other two Lord of the Rings films.
2. Vologda stands on the Vologda river. It was founded in 1147. From the 15th to 17th
century it was a big trade centre. In the Vologda’s old Kremlin you can see St. Sophia
Cathedral, built from 1568 to 1570 by Ivan IV, and the 18th century Bishop’s Palace.
3. The first jeans were made in 1873 in California by Levi Strauss. Levi was a German who
came to San Francisco during the Gold Rush. He was a successful businessman. The first
Levi’s label was made in 1886. It had a picture of jeans and two horses.
4. The brother and sister made a tour on a red double-decker bus. The children visited a lot
of wonderful places. They loved London and enjoyed staying with the Barkers. They
took a lot of pictures, bought some souvenirs for their family and friends.
5. - Excuse me, how do I get to the underground station?
- Oh, it’s not far from here. You can take bus 15.
- Thank you very much.
- You are welcome.
6. Turkey, goose the roast beef of old England, nuts and oranges are on the
festive dinner table. But a Christmas dinner in Britain without the
traditional Christmas pudding would be strange, indeed.
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 |
IV. Complete the sentences using in ,out, up, on, with, into.
1. John gave……boxing two years ago because of a bad injury.
2. That blouse goes really well……your skirt.
3. I ran…….an old friend at the supermarket yesterday.
4. Go…… I’m listening to you.
5. Our class take part…..a clean-up campaign.
6. Many young people hang…….at the shopping centre at the weekends.
Тест составлен в соответствии с государственным стандартом по иностранному
языку. Объектами контроля являются элементы языка (лексика, грамматика) и речевая
деятельность (чтение).
Тест состоит из пяти разделов.
Часть 1. Базовый уровень. Понимание общего содержания микротекстов, выбрать правильный вариант из трех предложенных.
Часть 2. Грамматика. Базовый уровень. Восстановление пропущенного глагола в связном
тексте. Тип заданий – выбрать правильный вариант формы глагола из трех предложенных.
Часть 3. Базовый уровень. Понимание общего содержания микротекстов. Тип задания –
установление соответствий; каждый заголовок соответствует только одному тексту. При
этом один заголовок лишний.
Часть 4. Базовый уровень, проверка знаний фразовых глаголов.
Данный тест предназначен для учащихся 7 класса, которые занимаются по УМК
Spotlight 7. Тест построен на языковом материале, изучаемом в данном пособии.
Продолжительность работы – 40 минут. Работа проводится в конце учебного года.
Контрольная работа имеет критерии оценивания результатов и ключи. За каждый
правильный ответ учащиеся получают один балл. Максимальное количество баллов – 30.
Успешность выполнения теста определяется, исходя из следующего соответствия:
18-22 баллов – «отлично»,
17-14 балла – «хорошо»,
13 -7 баллов – «удовлетворительно»,
менее 6 баллов – «неудовлетворительно».
Предварительный просмотр:
- If we (to be) late for school, our teacher (to get) angry.
- Our teacher (to be) happy if we (to answer) all the questions correctly.
- If people (not to drink), they (to die).
- If they (to have) enough money, they (to buy) a new car.
- If you (to eat) bad food, your health (to become) worse.
- I (to be) very angry with Nick if he (to forget) my CD again.
- If you (not to feel) well, you (to go) to the doctor.
- You (to get) very wet if you (to walk) in this rain.
- If babies (to be) hungry, they (to cry).
- We ( to pass) the exam if we (to study) hard.
- If I (to be) thirsty, I always drink fresh water.
- If the weather (to be) not too bad tomorrow, we (to play) football.
- If Tom (to have) a birthday party, he usually (to invite) a lot of friends.
- If we (to learn)more about history, we (not to be) afraid of the test.
- If I (to have) a headache, my mother usually (to give) me some medicine.
- If I (to find) his phone number, I (to call) him tonight.
- If I (to cough), I (to drink) hot milk with honey.
- If I (to wear) this hat, I (to look) like an old man.
- If you (to fly) by a budget airline, you (to have) to pay for your drinks and food.
- If I (to find) her address, I (to send) her an invitation.
Предварительный просмотр:
Подписи к слайдам:
Что такое условное предложение в английском языке? Это условное наклонение в английском языке которое состоит из двух частей: само условие (придаточное предложение или if clause ) и результат (главное предложение или main clause ). Main clause задача — сообщить нам, что будет, если условие (не)будет выполнено . If clause – само условие. Когда условие стоит в начале — оно всегда отделяется запятой от результата. Запятая не ставится, если условие стоит после результата!
Типы УП Тип If clause Тип m ain clause 0 Present Simple Present Simple 1 Present Simple Future Simple 2 Present Simple Would + infinitive 3! Past Perfect Would + have + past participle (V3) 4! If + Past Simple Would have + past participle (V3)
Zero Conditional Используется, чтобы говорить о вещах, которые всегда будут правдой : научные факты, общепринятые нормы или очевидные утверждения, законы природы . Нулевое условие также может использоваться, чтобы проинструктировать собеседника или дать указания . If you touch a fire, you get burned . You get water if you mix hydrogen and oxygen . Call me if you think you can do the job . Behave well if you want to go for a walk later.
First Conditional вида основывается на фактах, реальных условиях и конкретных ситуациях . Если вы говорите о вещах, которые с большой вероятностью могут произойти в будущем. If it rains , I won't go to the park . If I see her, I 'll tell her about the film . Для выражения степени уверенности, разрешения или рекомендации относительно результата, в Main clause вместо простого будущего можно использовать модальные глаголы !
0 ≠ 1 разница состоит в том, что first описывает определенную ситуацию, в то время как zero описывает то, что происходит вне зависимости от обстоятельств, то есть всегда . Zero conditional First conditional If you sit in the sun , you get burned . – Если ты сидишь на солнце, ты сгораешь. Здесь речь идет о постоянной связи между сидением на солнце и солнечными ожогами. If you sit in the sun , you'll get burned – Если ты сидишь на солнце, ты можешь сгореть. Здесь говорим только о сегодняшнем дне и той ситуации, в которой мы находимся. Завтра это может измениться.
Second Conditional Когда вы говорите о событиях в будущем времени, вероятность которых очень мала . Этот тот случай, когда вы гипотетически размышляете о какой-то грандиозной (или не очень) идее. If I met the Queen of England, I would say hello. Когда вы говорите о чем-то в настоящем, что не может случиться в принципе. If I had his number, I would call him.
1 ≠ 2 Условные предложения 1 и 2 типа в английском языке можно отличить друг от друга по смыслу: второй вид используется, если мы говорим о событиях, которые являются еще более невероятными и гипотетическими , чем события в первом условном предложении. First conditional Second conditional If I have enough money , I'll buy some new shoes . – Если у меня будет достаточно денег, то я куплю себе новую пару обуви. Очень вероятно, что у меня будет достаточно денег, чтобы позволить себе эту покупку. If I had enough money , I would buy a house with twenty bedrooms and a swimming pool . – Если бы у меня было достаточно денег, я бы купил дом с двадцатью спальнями и бассейном. Очень вероятно, что у меня никогда не будет столько денег, поэтому это только мечта, которой вряд ли суждено сбыться.
Third Conditional чтобы говорить о событиях прошлого , которым не дано было случиться, и представлять их гипотетический результат. Или, наоборот, порадоваться или порадоваться что это не произошло. If we had taken a taxi, we wouldn’t have missed the plane. If I hadn’t eaten so much, I wouldn’t have felt sick .
2 ≠ 3 Условные предложения 2 и 3 типа в английском языке можно отличить друг от друга по смыслу: второй вид используется, если мы говорим о событиях в будущем . Третий тип используется когда речь идет о прошлом . Third conditional Second conditional He would have been on time for the interview if he had left the house at nine. — Он пришёл бы вовремя на интервью, если бы вышел из дома в девять. If I had enough money , I would buy a house with twenty bedrooms and a swimming pool . – Если бы у меня было достаточно денег, я бы купил дом с двадцатью спальнями и бассейном.
Mixed (4) Conditional В них одна часть относится к прошлому, а другая — к настоящему.Бывают двух видов. Первый вид описывает нереальную ситуацию в прошлом, которая могла бы отразиться на настоящем. Необязательно, но могла бы . If I hadn’t got the job in Tokyo, I wouldn’t be with my current partner now . Второй вид используем, когда условие не привязано к конкретному времени, а последствия, относятся к прошлому. If I weren’t afraid of spiders, I would have bought one as a pet.




