Ломоносов - великий сын России
занимательные факты по английскому языку (11 класс) по теме

Муниципальное бюджетное общеобразовательное учреждение

Орловская средняя общеобразовательная школа №2

Ломоносов – великий сын России

Работа выполнена творческими группами учащихся 11-а класса в ходе   работы над веб квестом

Руководитель: Дождикова А.И.

Taking into consideration Lomonosov’s great contribution in the development of Russian and world science the year 2011is declared the year of Lomonosov.

Lomonosov is a great son of Russia

                                                        Lomonosov  was a  true Renaissance man.

                                                                               Paul Austin

There have been a lot of well educated people in the history of mankind.  But M.V.Lomonosov is a scientist whose scientific heritage in many branches of science is great. Sometimes it is beyond people’s understanding, how much one man could do for the whole scientific world.  Only thorough studying of Lomonosov’s activity will help our contemporaries to understand and estimate his role and contribution to the world of science.

The purpose of the article is to systematize all knowledge about a great scientist and show his contribution to different scientific branches.

M.V.Lomonosov was born in 1711 not far from Kholmogori in the family of a fisherman. From early childhood he learned all the hardships of life. But, on the other hand, it was the period when he got his best qualities which later helped him to overcome more serious problems.  The greatest passion of a boy was reading. He learned to read thanks to a local priest.

 When Mikhail was 19 he left home and went to Moscow to enter the Slavonic-Greek-Latin Academy.    Thanks to Lomonosov’s hard work, he graduated the Academy   in five years. The next stage of Lomonosov’s studying was  The Academy of  Sciences in St.Petersburg.  His creativity and scientific ability was noticed by the staff and he was sent to Germany to study chemistry and metallurgy. Living abroad Lomonosov made plans concerning the further development of Russia. He believed in prosperous Russia.  After returning home he began to realize his ideas.

M.V.Lomonosov was a pioneer in formulating the principles of kinetic molecular theory of gases.  The scientist wrote some works on atmosphere and static electricity. Lomonosov was a founder of physical chemistry, explaining chemical phenomena with the help of physical laws. He laid the fundamental principles of theory of heat.

In 1761, M.V.Lomonosov discovered that the planet Venus was surrounded by a noble atmosphere. The scientist made this discovery observing the Sun through the smoked glass. Night observation tube was Lomonosov’s invention. Besides, he introduced the new notions: ’horizon’, ‘atmosphere’, ‘Earth axis’.

M.V.Lomonosov supposed chemistry to be his main profession. In 1748, he created the first scientific chemical laboratory. His great success was developing coloured glass technology, setting up glass production and creating mosaic portraits. As a historian M.V.Lomonosov was concerned about the absence of real information about the roots of the Russians, about their historical deeds. He wanted to describe the might and glory of the Russians.  And as a result, he wrote  ”Ancient history of Russia”.

Lomonosov M.V. created a program of establishing Moscow University and introduced a position of historiographer. A.S.Pushkin said about Lomonosov: “He was a great man. He founded the first Russian University, or to express it more correctly, he himself was our first university”.

He was a public figure.  In his articles “On the preservation and Propagation of the Russian people”, “On reforming the Morale and public Enlightenment”, “On the maintaining martial art at peace” he described his important ideas of  glorifying Russia.

Belinsky said: “Our literature begins with Lomonosov: he was its father and mother, he was its Peter the Great”.

“Russian grammar” was the first grammar of the Russian language. It was first published in1755. It was proved that Lomonosov’s “Theory of three styles” played a significant role in developing a new Russian literary language.

What were the reasons for creating new grammar regulations?

Firstly, the influence of West-European languages on Russian language filled with numerous foreign words.

Secondly, the existence of Church Slavonic words within the Russian language. Lomonosov was the first to solve the problem of semantic differentiation.

In “Russian grammar” M.V.Lomonosov formulated the basic principle of his grammar observations over the language usage. He denied other scholars’ approach.   He had extensive knowledge of his native language, exact sciences, foreign languages, such as Latin, Greek and west European languages, and this enabled the scientist to lay the foundations of the Russian scientific and technical terminology.

M.V. Lomonosov was greatly interested in geography and supposed the discipline to be a separate science connected with people’s economic interests.

A great scientist was also the first in giving the common description of Russia. The result of the work in this direction was a new geographical map of Russia.

M.V. Lomonosov proved the existence of islands in the center of the Arctic ocean and the possibility of navigation along North Seaway. The greatest contribution to the world of science was connecting economic processes with geographical conditions.

In 1761, M.V.Lomonosov discovered that the planet Venus was surrounded by a noble atmosphere. The scientist made this discovery observing the Sun through the smoked glass. Night observation tube was Lomonosov’s invention. Besides, he introduced the new notions: ’horizon’, ‘atmosphere’, ‘Earth axis’.

In addition to his academic talents, Lomonosov was a talented mosaic master. He made some stained glass pictures.

In1765, Lomonosov died at the age of 54.

M.V.Lomonosov was a scientist-patriot. His personal qualities and literary works played a great role in forming Russian self-conscience and left remarkable heritage in the history of Russian culture. He may be called a person of the epoch because of his enormous inventions and discoveries.