Задания по подготовке к сдаче ЕГЭ по английскому языку
материал для подготовки к егэ (гиа) по английскому языку (10, 11 класс) на тему

Задание 19 – 25. Grammar.

Задания 26-31. Vocabulary.

Why do the Chinese call the Yellow River in China “China’s Sorrow”? (19 – 25) - Grammar

• How old is Coca-Cola?

College life (19 – 25) - Grammar

Honesty is the best policy

Задания 26-31 - Vocabulary

When was the parachute invented?

A). Born in 1743, Thomas Jefferson helped shape the new American nation and also shaped some of the country's most famous buildings. The twentieth century architects who designed the circular Jefferson Memorial in Washington D.C. drew inspiration from Thomas Jefferson's architectural ideas. And from where did Jefferson get his ideas? The Pantheon in Rome! This building with its classical portico became a model that influenced Western architecture for 2,000 years.

B)Postmodern architecture evolved from the modernist movement, yet contradicts many of the modernist ideas. Combining new ideas with traditional forms, postmodernist buildings may startle, surprise, and even amuse. Familiar shapes and details are used in unexpected ways. Philip Johnson's AT&T Headquarters is often cited as an example of postmodernism. Like many buildings in the international style, this skyscraper has a classical facade.

C) The Industrial Revolution in Europe brought about a new trend: the use of metals instead of wood and stone in construction. Built in 1889, the Eiffel Tower is perhaps the most famous example of this new use for metal. For 40 years, the Eiffel Tower measured the tallest in the world. The metal lattice-work, formed with very pure structural iron, makes the tower both extremely light and able to withstand tremendous wind forces

D) By the early 1800s, Belfast had become a major port at the beating heart of the region's industry. The launching of the Titanic from the shipways was attended by an estimated 100,000 people, showing how important this event was for Belfast. Many more impressive ships would leave the yard in the coming years before the decline of the shipbuilding industry began in the 1950s, but the Titanic marked the zenith of the great shipbuilding era in Belfast.

E) Thomas Andrews was the chief naval architect at the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast during the early 1900s. He brought the idea of 'Olympic class' ocean liners to life. The most famous of these was Titanic, which he joined on its first voyage. His actions when the ship sank on 15 April 1912 are believed to have saved many lives, but at the cost of his own. In his home town of Comber, the life of Thomas Andrews is commemorated by the Memorial Hall, opened in 1915.

F)An e-book or “electronic book” is available digitally downloaded, and accessed through a device such as a computer, a smart phone or, popularly, a portable e-book reader. In 1971, Michael Hart began storing vast contents of libraries in electronic formats. Hart named his efforts Project Gutenberg, after the inventor of the printing press. Libraries were early adopters of the technology. But it took nearly thirty years for the idea of the e-book to take firm hold with the consumer.

G) The Frankfurt Book Fair is held in October of each year. It usually hosts more than 7,300 exhibitors from 100 countries ranging from Albania to Zimbabwe. For the American book publishing industry, the Frankfurt Book Fair is predominantly a trade fair, that is, a professional meeting place for publishers, editors, librarians, book subsidiary rights managers, booksellers, film producers, authors and many others who are involved in the creation and licensing of book content.

1) It had its finest hour

2) A long way to popularity

3) A stairway to heaven

4) Extraordinary combinations

5) Ideas on sale

6) Brilliant ideas and brave deeds

7) Borrowed ideas

8) Revolutionary materials Ответы:  7481625

• 1. This is a full-length (ninety minutes) cartoon, which is entertaining for both adults and children over six. The animation and colour are of very high quality and the story has lots of fun and excitement. The plot is quick moving and full of surprises. There’s romance, action, comedy, music and lots of fantastic songs and dances.

2. This is a full-blooded magnificently written portrait of history’s most fascinating woman. Readers will lose themselves for hours in this richly entertaining novel full of dramatic twists and turns. From the spectacular era that bears her name comes the spellbinding story of Elizabeth I – her tragic childhood, her confrontation with Mary, Queen of Scots and her brilliant reign.

3. The young woman is shown in a “shepherdess” hat and white dress, recalling a classical chiton. The background landscape, common in such paintings, seems to indicate the heroine’s closeness to nature, to the ordinary joys of life. The painter’s colour range – at times us translucent as porcelain, at others muted like mother-of-pearl – is based upon subtle plays of gray and green, light blue and pink.

4. In this picture one is struck by artist’s absolute mastery in portraying natural details, whether the dry, sandy soil of the forest, the clear stream of water in the foreground, the yellow bark and fluffy needles of the pines, or the sense of a bright, clear, calm summer day. The artist managed to create an image familiar to anyone who has seen a Russian forest.

5. Have a good time on the most lively and exciting island in the Caribbean. Relax under a palm tree on the white sandy beaches. Swim in the clear, blue sea. Listen to the bands playing Calypso music. Or get really adventurous and go scuba diving for sunken treasure on the sea bed. Join in the many cultural celebrations we offer, for example the sugar harvest festival.

6. This event is considered the greatest attraction for visitors to the Isle of Man. No definite date can be given, but it is normally held between 5th and 15th July. The Pageant begins at about 8 p.m. First we are given a glimpse of village life in Celtic times. Then suddenly Viking long ships appear and then there are scenes of war. Then Celts and Vikings unite, and the Manx nation is born. The actual Pageant is followed by a grand torchlight procession and firework display.

7. Do you like Latin American dancing? Do you want to dance like you see in the films and on the stage? Do you want to feel the rhythm of the music in your body and in your soul? Do you want to meet other people who have a love for the same music as you? If you have answered “Yes” to any of these questions, join our Latin dance classes on Thursday night between seven and ten. All are welcome.

Ответы: EHDBCGF

• Grammar B 4 – B 10 . Funny seagull thinks he is a cat.

• The largest snowfall in decades

•  Vocabulary  - B11 – B 16. Great Britain at the 2012 London Olympics

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A) The Mona Lisa, also known as La Giaconda, became world famous after it was stolen from the Louvre in 1911. The painting was missing for two years before police traced the theft to Italian painter, Vincenzo Peruggia, who stole the work to return it to its country of origin. The Louvre Museum in Paris built a separate room to house the Mona Lisa, giving up to five million visitors a year the chance to see the painting.

B)The tradition of telling stories with a series of sequential images has been a part of Japanese culture long before Superman comic strips. The earliest examples of pre-manga artwork that influenced the development of modern Japanese comics are commonly attributed to Toba Sojo, an 11th-century painter-priest with an odd sense of humor. Toba’s animal paintings satirized life in the Buddhist priesthood by drawing priests as rabbits or monkeys engaged in silly activities.

C)When the story in which Holmes died was published in a popular magazine in 1893, the British reading public was outraged. More than 20,000 people canceled their subscriptions. The demand for Holmes stories was so great that Conan Doyle brought the great detective back to life by explaining that no one had actually seen Holmes go down the Reichenbach Falls. The public, glad to have new tales, bought the explanation.

D) Caviar refers to the salted eggs of the fish species, sturgeon. At the beginning of the 19th century, the United States was one of the greatest producers of caviar in the world. Because of overfishing, commercial sturgeon harvesting was banned. Today, mostly through farm-raised varieties, caviar production has returned in America. Some American caviar is very high in quality and has been compared favorably to wild Caspian caviar.

E) T.S. Eliot wrote in his poem, "The Waste Land," that April was the "cruelest month." He was living in England at the time, and the weather there can be dreadfully rainy and cold during spring. But from a cook's point of view, April is anything but cruel. The month brings us some of the freshest, most wonderful foods. Consider the first ripe strawberries, asparagus, artichokes, tiny peas, and so much more.

F) When the eruption of Vesuvius started on the morning of 24 August, 79 AD, it caught the local population completely unprepared. The catastrophic magnitude of the eruption was connected with the long period of inactivity that preceded it. The longer the intervals between one eruption and another, the greater the explosion will be. Luckily, the frequent but low-level activity of Vesuvius in recent centuries has relieved the build-up of pressure in the magma chamber.

G)Iron Age Britain can only be understood from the archaeological evidence. There are few spectacular ruins from Iron Age Britain. Unlike in Classical Greece or Ancient Egypt, in Iron Age Britain there was no construction of major cities, palaces, temples or pyramids. Rather, it was an essentially rural world of farms and villages, which had no economic or religious need to build palaces, cities, major tombs or ceremonial sites.

1) A happy comeback

2) Dangerous when rare

3) Recovery of a masterpiece

4) Back and deep into the past

5) Return of the popularity

6) From Eastern to Western culture

7) They come back in spring

8) Return to the market

Ответы: 1658724

Grammar B4 – B10.  Text 1

Тext 2

• А. Education

B. Way of life

C. Public transport

D. Geography

E. Places to stay in

F. Favourite food

G. Hot spots for kids

H. Nightlife

1. Denmark, a small kingdom in northern Europe, has a lot of interesting places for tourists with children. For example, Legoland, a theme park, has become the largest tourist attraction in Denmark outside its capital Copenhagen. And Copenhagen itself is world famous for its Tivoli Gardens amusement park, which opened in 1843 in the heart of the city. The park offers ballet and circus performances, restaurants, concerts, and fireworks displays.

2. Denmark is the smallest Scandinavian country, consisting of the Jutland peninsula, north of Germany, and over 400 islands of various sizes, some inhabited and linked to the mainland by ferry or bridge. Throughout the country, low hills provide a constant change of attractive views; there are also cool and shady forests of beech trees, large areas of open land covered with rough grass, a beautiful lake district, sand dunes and white cliffs on the coast.

3. More than four-fifths of all Danes live in towns. The main cities represent a combination of medieval buildings, such as castles and cathedrals, and modern office buildings and homes. Denmark's high standard of living and wide-ranging social services guarantee that the cities have no poor districts. Most people in the cities live in flats. But in the suburbs many also live in single-family houses.

4. Denmark's fine beaches attract many visitors, and there are hotels and pensions in all major seaside resorts. Besides, excellent inns are to be found all over the country. Some are small and only serve local travellers, but others are adapted to the tourist and have established reputations for both international dishes and local specialities. There are also private rooms to let, usually for one night, and chalets all over Denmark.

5. There is a wide selection of places to go out in the evening, particularly in Copenhagen. Jazz and dance clubs in the capital city are top quality and world-famous performers appear regularly. There are numerous cafes, beer gardens and speciality beer bars. Entertainment available includes opera at the recently opened opera house in Copenhagen, ballet and theatre at a number of places in the larger cities, and live music of all kinds.

6. Most Danes eat four meals a day - breakfast, lunch, dinner, and a late-evening supper. Breakfast generally consists of cereal, cheese, or eggs. Dinner, which includes fish or meat, is usually the only hot meal. A traditional Danish dinner consists of roast duckling stuffed with apples, served with red cabbage and boiled potatoes. The other Danish meals consist mostly of sandwiches.

7. Almost all adult Danes can read and write. Danish law requires children to attend nine years of school. Primary school consists of the first seven grades, and secondary school lasts from three to five years. A five-year secondary school student can enter a university. Denmark has three universities. The University of Copenhagen is the oldest and largest. It was founded in 1479 and has about 24,000 student

Ответы: GCBEHFA

• Grammar B4-B10 .Zanzibar history

• A palace with 1,300 rooms

• Vocabulary B 11-B16. Future population

A)The Salem Witch Museum brings you back to Salem of 1692 for a dramatic overview of the Witch Trials, including stage sets with life-size figures, lighting and a narration. There is also a possibility to go on a candlelight tour to four selected homes. The museum is open all year round and closed on Thanksgiving, Christmas and New Year’s Day. Salem is also famous for its Haunted Happenings, a 24-day Halloween festival.

B) The Discover Sea Shipwreck Museum opened its doors in 1995, and has one of the largest collections of shipwreck and recovered artifacts in the Mid-Atlantic. It contains about 10,000 artifacts from local and worldwide locations, including an intact blown-glass hourglass from a 200-year-old shipwreck, which is also the world's deepest wooden wreck at the heart of the Bermuda Triangle.

C) The Seashore Trolley Museum is the oldest and largest electric railway museum in the world. It was founded in 1939 with one open trolley car, No. 31 from the Biddeford & Saco Railroad Company. The Seashore Trolley Museum contains over 250 transit vehicles, mostly trolleys, from the United States, Canada and abroad. Visitors can even take a trip along the Maine countryside aboard a restored early-1900s electric streetcar.

D) American Hop Museum is dedicated to the brewing industry and located in the heart of the Yakima Valley's hop fields, which gather the best harvest for producing beer. It chronicles the American hop industry from the New England colonies to its expansion into California and the Pacific Northwest, and includes historical equipment, photos and artifacts that pay tribute to hop, the everlasting vine that is still an integral part of the brewing industry.

E) The Money Museum in Colorado Springs is America's largest museum dedicated to numismatics (the study of collecting coins and metals). The collection contains over 250,000 items from the earliest invention of money to modern day, with items including paper money, coins, tokens, medals, and traditional money from all over the world. Highlights include the 1804 dollar, the 1913 V Nickel, the 1866 no motto series, a comprehensive collection of American gold coins, and experimental pattern coins and paper money.

F)The Kenneth G. Fiske Museum of Musical Instruments in California has one of the most diverse collections of musical instruments in the United States. This museum is home to over 1,400 American, European and ethnic instruments from the 17th–20th centuries. Selections from all parts of the world also include keyboards, brass, woodwind, stringed, percussion, mechanical and electronic instruments. Other highlights are rare pieces from the violin and viola families, reed organs and instruments from the Orient and Tibet.

G)The Hammer Museum in Alaska is the world’s first museum dedicated to hammers. The Museum provides a view of the past through the use of man’s first tool. You will find over 1500 hammers on display, ranging from ancient times to the present. The museum does not have any paid staff, and it is run by volunteers. This quaint and quirky museum is an interesting and informative stop for the whole family.

1) Back from the seas

2) A museum of popular drinks

3) Magic as attraction

4) One tool museum

5) Not a bank but …

6) Still moving along

7) A brand new shore museum

8) To play any tune

• Grammar B 4 – B10. Education for everyone

• Global warming

• Vocabulary B 11- B16. History of animated cartoons

1. Distance education or e-learning offers several advantages. Students participating in e-learning programs are often able to set their own schedules and work at their own pace. The learning experience can be supported by multimedia such as videos, interactive websites, and real-time conferencing with experts from anywhere in the world. Additionally, e-learning programs are less expensive than traditional ones.
2. Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm did not expect to create a children's collection of fairy tales. Instead, they wanted to preserve Germany's oral tradition by collecting different stories. Not until several editions of their collection were published did the brothers realize that children were to be a major audience. Once the Brothers Grimm saw this new public, they tried to refine and soften their tales, which had originated centuries earlier as folklore.
3. The five Potter books have sold 250 million copies worldwide in 55 languages, including Latin and Ancient Greek. In Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince, J.K. Rowlings uses spells and charms that are largely based on Latin. But one of the most serious spells, Avada Kedavra, may be a variant of "abracadabra". In the Harry Potter series, it is a spell that causes death. Harry Potter is the only one known to have survived it.
4. Critics of the Harry Potter books point out that the main characters who are supposed to be “good” are consistently and regularly portrayed as breaking all manner of ethical rules like those against lying, cheating, and stealing. They also regularly break school rules against behavior like going out at night, using magic in the Muggle world, and so forth.
5. On Christmas Eve of 1968, NASA astronaut William Anders, while orbiting the moon with the Apollo 8 mission, took a photograph that provided a foundation for the modern green movement. His photo shows a small, blue planet Earth peeking over the horizon of the Moon. The image of a small planet, alone in a vast ocean of space, showed billions of people the fragility of our planet and the importance of preserving and protecting Earth.
6. There are many indoor air pollutants that can be harmful. Indoor air can be up to 100 times more polluted than outdoor air. Organic compounds from some paints, carpets, synthetic fabrics and adhesives are a known health hazard, contributing to the disease known as Sick Building Syndrome. Proper technology can help – open windows to let fresh air in and bad air out.

G)  Some people, especially in rural areas, burn their trash in pits or barrels. It seems an easy way to get rid of your garbage, but the smoke it creates has a lot of really unhealthy toxic chemicals. Burning things like foam cups, plastics, and colored and bleached paper in backyards or even fireplaces causes toxic smoke that can spread throughout the neighborhood.

1) Reaching a target audience

2) Let the air in

3) Using modern technology

4) Violating regulations

5) Careless behaviour

6) Original meaning

7) Needs protection

8) Use of a dead language

Ответы: 3184725

• Grammar B 4 –B 10. Does the plan work?

• Who discovered radioactivity?

• А. Education: the Way to the Top

B. From Agony to Love

C. Teaching to Learn

D. Learning That Never Stops

E. Things Worth Learning

F. The Right Word Can Bring Changes

G. What My Father Taught Me

H. The Power of Numbers

1. Education has the power to transform a person’s life. I am the living example of this. When I was on the streets, I thought I was not good at anything but I wrote a poem, and it got published. I went back to school to learn. I have learned the benefit of research and reading, of debate and listening. One day soon a group of fresh-faced college students will call me professor.

2. Language has the capacity to change the world and the way we live in it. People are often afraid to call things by their direct names, use taboos not to notice dangerous tendencies. Freedom begins with naming things. This has to happen in spite of political climates, careers being won or lost, and the fear of being criticized. After Helen Caldicott used the word ‘nuclear arms race’ an anti-nuclear movement appeared.

3. I never wanted to be a teacher. Yet years later, I find myself teaching high school English. I consider my job to be one of the most important aspects of my life, still I do not teach for the love of teaching. I am a teacher because I love to learn, and I have come to realize that the best way to learn is to teach.

4. One day my sister and I got one and the same homework. My sister finished the task in 2 minutes and went off to play. But I could not do it, so I went into my sister's room and quickly copied her work. But there was one small problem: my father caught me. He didn’t punish me, but explained that cheating makes people feel helpless. And then I was left feeling guilty for cheating.

5. Lifelong learning does not mean spending all my time reading. It is equally important to get the habit of asking such questions as “what don’t I know about this topic, or subject?”, “what can I learn from this moment or person?”, and “what more do I need to learn?” regardless of where I am, who I am talking to, or what I am doing.

6. Maths has always been something that I am good at. Mathematics attracts me because of its stability. It has logic; it is dependable and never changes. There might be some additions to the area of mathematics, but once mathematics is created, it is set in stone. We would not be able to check emails or play videogames without the computer solving complex algorithms.

7. When my high school English teacher asked us to read Shakespeare, I thought it was boring and too difficult. I agonized over the syntax – I had never read anything like this. But now I am a Shakespeare professor, and enjoy teaching Hamlet every semester. Each time I re-read the play, I find and learn something new for myself.

Ответы: AFCGDHB

•  Grammar: B4 – B   Exotic pets

• Camping

Vocabulary B 11 – B 16. Christmas.

• А. Not Just Fun

B. Running For Heart and Mind

C. United By The Game

D. I Want To Be A Coach

E. Team Work in Sport and Life

F. Next Year We Win

G. Learning From Father

H. School between Practices

1. I believe playing sports is more than an activity to fill your day, it can teach important life lessons. When I was a child, my dad spent a lot of time teaching me how to play different sports. He told me that if I can succeed in sports, I can succeed at anything in life. He used to say, “It’s not about how good you become. It’s about working hard to get where you want to be.”

2. I like bicycles. Group rides help me to get new skills and make new friends. I try to apply the tactics of group riding to team work in the real world. In the perfect group ride, each rider takes a turn leading the pack, while the others enjoy the benefits of drafting. I think this way of working is a great method for approaching a group task anywhere.

3. I believe in the power of running. Running should not be a battle for your body but rather a rest for your mind. I felt this last fall, when I was running in the park. Suddenly I felt as if I could have run forever, as if I could use running as a source of therapy for my body. Running allows the body to release different types of stress and even change our understanding of life.

4. My father coached basketball every day of his life, and I was right there with him in the gym watching him work his magic. Basketball appears entertaining and exciting. But the path to success is not simple. My father always told me, “Nothing is free.” I took this advice and ran with it. I truly believe that only practice and determination lead to success.

5. Baseball is so much more than a sport. One of the powers of baseball is that it brings people together. It unites fans of all ages, genders, and nationalities. No matter who you are, you can be a baseball fan. My mom and I have one unspoken rule: no matter what has been going on before, no fighting at the game.

6. I believe that you must always be loyal to the sport teams you support. The teams I follow in the United States generally lose many more than they win. The start of each season brings dreams of victory in baseball, basketball or football, dreams that fade away soon. But then there is always next year. It will be our year for sure.

7. I was determined to join the swim team. I knew I would get my strengths and learn my weaknesses there. Waking up early for 6:30 A.M. practices is what swim team is all about, as it helps us get into state. On a long school day you think about the practice in the pool after school. You want to hear the crowd cheering you, telling you that you have to do more than your best.

• Grammar B4 – B11. Alaska flag

• Vocabulary B11 – B16. Cyberspace communication

1. The mountains of Scotland (we call them the Highlands) are а wild and beautiful part of Europe. A golden eagle flies over the mountains. A deer walks through the silence of the forest. Salmon and trout swim in the clean, pure water of the rivers. Some say that not only fish swim in the deep water of Loch Ness. Speak to the people living by the Loch. Each person has a story of the monster, and some have photographs.
2. Tresco is a beautiful island with no cars, crowds or noise – just flowers, birds, long sandy beaches and the Tresco Abbey Garden. John and Wendy Pyatt welcome you to the Island Hotel, famous for delicious food, comfort and brilliant service. You will appreciate superb accommodation, free saunas and the indoor swimming pool.
3. The Camel and Wildlife Safari is a unique mixture of the traditional and modern. Kenya’s countryside suits the Safari purposes exceptionally well. Tourists will have a chance to explore the bush country near Samburu, to travel on a camel back or to sleep out under the stars. Modern safari vehicles are always available for those who prefer comfort.
4. Arrival can be the hardest part of a trip. It is late, you are road-weary, and everything is new and strange. You need an affordable place to sleep, something to eat and drink, and probably a way to get around. But in general, it’s a wonderful trip, full of wonderful and unusual places. Whether it is the first stop on a trip or the fifth city visited, every traveller feels a little overwhelmed stepping onto a new street in a new city.
5. No zoo has enough money to provide basic habitats or environments for all the species they keep. Most animals are put in a totally artificial environment, isolated from everything they would meet in their natural habitat. Many will agree that this isolation is harmful to the most of zoo inhabitants, it can even amount to cruelty.
6. A new London Zoo Project is a ten year project to secure the future for the Zoo and for many endangered animals. The plan has been devised by both animal and business experts to provide world-leading accommodation for all our animals, to more fully engage and inform people about conservation issues, to redesign certain aspects of Zoo layout.

G) Leave-no-trace camping is an increasingly popular approach to travel in wilderness areas. As the term suggests, the goal is for the camper to leave as little impact as possible on the place he is visiting. One of its mottos is “Take nothing but pictures. Leave nothing but footprints.” Its simplest and most fundamental rule is: pack it in, pack it out, but it goes beyond that.

1) New rules to follow        

2) New perspectives

3) Perfect for a quiet holiday

4) Land of nature wonders

5) A visit to the zoo

6) Perfect for an active holiday

7) Difficult start

8) Bad for animals

Ответы: 4367821

• Grammar B4 – B10. Who invented spaghetti, the Italians or the Chinese?

• Why a zigzag?

• А. Places to stay in

B. Public transport

C. Cultural differences

D. Nightlife

E. Camping holidays

F. Contacts with neighbours

G. Different landscapes

H. Eating out

1. Sweden is a land of contrast, from the Danish influence of the southwest to the Laplanders wandering freely with their reindeer in the wild Arctic north. And while Sweden in cities is stylish and modern, the countryside offers many simpler pleasures for those who look for peace and calm. The land and its people have an air of reserved calm, and still the world’s best-selling pop group Abba, which used to attract crowds of hysterical fans, come from Sweden.

2. Historically, Sweden has an interesting story. Its dealings with the outside world began, in fact, during Viking times, when in addition to the well-known surprise attacks of the nearby lands, there was much trading around the Baltic, mostly in furs and weapons. Swedish connections with the other Scandinavian countries, Norway and Denmark, have been strong since the Middle Ages. The monarchies of all three are still closely linked.

3. Sweden's scenery has a gentler charm than that of neighbouring Norway's rocky coast. Much of Sweden is forested, and there are thousands lakes, notably large pools near the capital, Stockholm. The lakeside resort in the centre of Sweden is popular with Scandinavians, but most visitors prefer first the Baltic islands. The largest island, Gotland, with its ruined medieval churches, is a particular attraction.

4. Sweden boasts a good range of hotels, covering the full spectrum of prices and standards. Many of them offer discounts in summer and at weekends during the winter. In addition, working farms throughout Sweden offer accommodation, either in the main farmhouse or in a cottage nearby. Forest cabins and chalets are also available throughout the country, generally set in beautiful surroundings, near lakes, in quiet forest glades or on an island in some remote place.

5. Living in a tent or caravan with your family or friends at weekends and on holiday is extremely popular in Sweden and there is a fantastic variety of special places. Most are located on a lakeside or by the sea with free bathing facilities close at hand. There are over 600 campsites in the country. It is often possible to rent boats or bicycles, play mini-golf or tennis, ride a horse or relax in a sauna. It is also possible to camp in areas away from other houses.

6. Swedes like plain meals, simply prepared from the freshest ingredients. As a country with a sea coast and many freshwater lakes, fish dishes are found on all hotel or restaurant menus. Top-class restaurants in Sweden are usually fairly expensive, but even the smallest towns have reasonably priced self-service restaurants and grill bars. Many restaurants all over Sweden offer a special dish of the day at a reduced price that includes main course, salad, soft drink and coffee.

7. Stockholm has a variety of pubs, cafes, clubs, restaurants, cinemas and theatres but in the country evenings tend to be very calm and peaceful. From August to June the Royal Ballet performs in Stockholm. Music and theatre productions take place in many cities during the summer in the open air. Outside Stockholm in the 18th-century palace there are performances of 18th-century opera very popular with tourists.

Ответы: CFGAEHD

• Grammar B 4 – B10. Barbados

• Christmas trees

• 1. Ask your parents for permission to have a party. Decide what kind of party you want and whether it will be held indoors or outdoors. Send written invitations to your friends. Tell them what kind of party you are having, at what time, where, and whether or not the guests should wear costumes. Make a list of games you would like to play. Ask your mother to help you prepare refreshments. Ice cream, cake, cookies, and lemonade are good for any party.
• 2. This activity makes everybody laugh. Have the guests sit around the room. Choose one person to be a pussycat. The pussy must go over to a guest and do his/her best to make the guest laugh. He/she can make funny meows and walk around like a cat. The pussy goes from one guest to another until someone laughs. The first one to laugh becomes the new pussy.
• 3. It’s easy to make a cake from a cake mix that you get from the grocery store. You usually add only water or milk. Cake mixes come in many flavours, such as chocolate, lemon, banana, vanilla and others. When you make a cake from a mix, always follow the directions on the package carefully. Then you can be sure that your cake will turn out right and your guests will enjoy it. Many mixes have a small envelope of powdered frosting hidden inside the flour.
• 4. As you ride on a bus with your friends, get someone to start singing. Everyone joins in. At the first crossroad, another person starts a different song, and everyone joins in. Keep changing songs at every crossroad.
• 5. Looking after cats is easy. They wash themselves every day and eat almost any food. Cats like to drink milk and cream. But they need to be fed fish, beef, liver, and other kinds of meat. They need a clean, dry bed at night. You can use a basket or a cardboard box for your cat’s bed. Cats like to play with a rubber ball or chase a string.
• 6. You can have a whole army of toy soldiers made of tin, wood or plastic. Some may be dressed in fancy uniforms, some may be sitting on horses. Others may be ready for battle, carrying guns and shoulder packs. You can have soldiers from other countries, or only Civil War soldiers or only modern soldiers. If you get two soldiers that are alike, trade your extra soldier with another toy soldier lover.
• 7. Even animals get involved in elections. The donkey and elephant have been political symbols in the USA for more than 100 years. Why? In 1828, Democrat Andrew Jackson ran for president. Critics said he was stubborn as a donkey. The donkey has been the symbol of the Democratic Party ever since. In the 1870s, newspaper cartoonists began using the elephant to stand for the Republican Party.
• Ответы: EHAGCDF
• ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

• А. Places to stay in

B. Arts and culture

C. New country image

D. Going out

E. Different landscapes

F. Transport system

G. National languages

H. Eating out

1. Belgium has always had a lot more than the faceless administrative buildings that you can see in the outskirts of its capital, Brussels. A number of beautiful historic cities and Brussels itself offer impressive architecture, lively nightlife, first-rate restaurants and numerous other attractions for visitors. Today, the old-fashioned idea of ‘boring Belgium' has been well and truly forgotten, as more and more people discover its very individual charms for themselves.

2. Nature in Belgium is varied. The rivers and hills of the Ardennes in the southeast contrast sharply with the rolling plains which make up much of the northern and western countryside. The most notable features are the great forest near the frontier with Germany and Luxembourg and the wide, sandy beaches of the northern coast.

3. It is easy both to enter and to travel around pocket-sized Belgium which is divided into the Dutch-speaking north and the French-speaking south. Officially the Belgians speak Dutch, French and German. Dutch is slightly more widely spoken than French, and German is spoken the least. The Belgians, living in the north, will often prefer to answer visitors in English rather than French, even if the visitor's French is good.

4. Belgium has a wide range of hotels from 5-star luxury to small family pensions and inns. In some regions of the country, farm holidays are available. There visitors can (for a small cost) participate in the daily work of the farm. There are plenty of opportunities to rent furnished villas, flats, rooms, or bungalows for a holiday period. These holiday houses and flats are comfortable and well-equipped.

5. The Belgian style of cooking is similar to French, based on meat and seafood. Each region in Belgium has its own special dish. Butter, cream, beer and wine are generously used in cooking. The Belgians are keen on their food, and the country is very well supplied with excellent restaurants to suit all budgets. The perfect evening out here involves a delicious meal, and the restaurants and cafes are busy at all times of the week.

6. As well as being one of the best cities in the world for eating out (both for its high quality and range), Brussels has a very active and varied nightlife. It has 10 theatres which produce plays in both Dutch and French. There are also dozens of cinemas, numerous discos and many night-time cafes in Brussels. Elsewhere, the nightlife choices depend on the size of the town, but there is no shortage of fun to be had in any of the major cities.

7. There is a good system of underground trains, trams and buses in all the major towns and cities. In addition, Belgium's waterways offer a pleasant way to enjoy the country. Visitors can take a one-hour cruise around the canals of Bruges, (sometimes described as the Venice of the North) or an extended cruise along the rivers and canals linking the major cities of Belgium and the Netherlands.

Ответы: CEGAHDF

A)  The present Ashmolean Museum was created in 1908 by combining two ancient Oxford institutions: the University Art Collection and the original Ashmolean Museum. The older partner in this merger, the University Art Collection, was based for many years in what is now the Upper Reading Room in the Bodleian Library.

B)  The collection began modestly in the 1620s with a handful of portraits and curiosities displayed in a small room on the upper floor. In the 17th century there were added notable collections of coins and medals later incorporated into the Ashmolean coin collection. The objects of curiosity included Guy Fawkes’ lantern and a sword given by the Pope to Henry VIII, and a number of more exotic items.

C)  In the 1660s and '70s, the collection grew rapidly and, in 1683, the Bodleian Gallery was left to develop as a museum of art. At first, it was a gallery of portraits of distinguished contemporaries, but from the mid 1660s, it began to acquire a more historical perspective with the addition of images of people from the past: college founders, scientists, soldiers, monarchs, writers and artists.

D)  In the eighteenth century, several painters donated self-portraits. They also added a number of landscapes, historical paintings and scenes from contemporary life. Other donors, former members of the University, added collections of Old Masters so that by the early nineteenth century, it had become an art gallery of general interest and an essential point of call on the tourist map. The public was admitted on payment of a small charge. Catalogues were available at the entrance and the paintings were well displayed in a large gallery.

E)  It was only with the gift of a collection of ancient Greek and Roman statuary from the Countess of Pomfret in 1755 that the need for a new art gallery became urgent. The marble figures were too heavy to be placed in an upstairs gallery and were installed in a dark ground-floor room in the library pending the creation of a new museum.

F) Before the new museum was finished, a major group of drawings by Raphael and Michelangelo was purchased by public subscription for the new galleries, establishing the importance of the Oxford museum as a centre for the study of Old Master drawings. The new museum also attracted gifts of paintings. In 1851, a collection of early Italian paintings, which included Uccello’s “Hunt in the Forest”, one of the museum’s major works of art was presented.

G) In the 1850s, the University established a new Natural History Museum, which is now known as the Oxford University Museum of Natural History. And all the natural history specimens from the Ashmolean were transferred to the new institution. Having lost what had become the most important element in its collection, the Ashmolean was to find a major new role in the emerging field of archaeology.

1)Presents  begin to enrich the collection

2) Reason for extension

3) First famous exhibits

4) One on the basis of two

5) Shift towards history

6) Location of the museum

7) New collections for the new building

8) New field for the old museum

Ответы: 4351278

A) Carnival is the most famous holiday in Brazil and has become a world-famous annual celebration. It is celebrated in towns and villages throughout Brazil for almost a week 40 days before Easter, which is usually in February, the hottest month in the Southern Hemisphere. Officially, it starts on Saturday and finishes on Fat Tuesday with the beginning of Lent on Ash Wednesday, during which some Christians give up something that they enjoy.

B) The most colourful events take place in the Carnival World Capital, Rio de Janeiro. It was the original place where, in 1723, Portuguese immigrants went out onto the streets soaking each other with buckets of water and throwing mud and food, often ending up in street brawls and riots. The concept kept changing throughout the 1800s with more organized parades, where the Emperor with a group of aristocrats joined in masks with luxurious costumes and music.

C) Now the parade varies from state to state. It is a mixture of arts. The music played during Rio Carnival is samba – a unique Brazilian music originating from Rio. It’s also a dance form that was invented by the poor Afro-Brazilians as a type of ritual music. The word “samba” meant to pray to the spirits of the ancestors and the gods of the African Pantheon. As a noun, it could mean a complaint or a cry.

D) Even today, the most involved groups in Rio Carnival are the poorest, the so-called “favelas”, where houses are made of cardboard or other metal remains, and there is often no water, electricity or sewage system. However, the favelas’ residents always join in the festivities and actually make the Carnival, which really means a lot to them. Because, for once during the year, they get to go out and have as much fun as they can.

E) Residents of the favelas are often members of local samba schools and are deeply involved with the performance and costumes of their groups. Each neighborhood in Rio has its favorite Carnival street band. There are more than 300 of them in Rio nowadays, and each year this number increases. Each band has its place or street for its parade and the big ones usually close the streets to the traffic.

F) Rio de Janeiro is usually divided into three zones. The so-called Zona Sul is by far the most pleasant place to stay in Rio, as it is by the sea and is the most civilized part of the city. Districts Copacabana and Ipanema together form a big stage offering a carnival happening at every corner. Leblon, being a bit more upscale, is also an excellent location.

G) Except the industries, malls and the carnival-related workers, the country stops completely for almost a week and festivities are intense, day and night. If you plan to go to watch the Carnival, you should organize your trip well in advance. The best hotels, especially in the Zona Sul, are booked up early, so it’s a good idea to make a reservation at least 3 or 4 months in advance.

1) The best viewpoints

2) Plan beforehand

3) Carnival roots

4) The time to attend the Carnival

5) Carnival’s music

6) Styles of dancing

7) A music group for a street

8) The time for pleasure

Ответы: 4358712

1. Charles Darwin’s five-year voyage on H.M.S. Beagle has become legendary and greatly influenced his masterwork, the book, On the Origin of Species. Darwin didn’t actually formulate his theory of evolution while sailing around the world aboard the Royal Navy ship. But the exotic plants and animals he encountered challenged his thinking and led him to consider scientific evidence in new ways.
2. The 19th century was a remarkable time for exploration. Vast portions of the globe, such as the interior of Africa, were mapped by explorers and adventurers. It was the time when David Livingstone became convinced of his mission to reach new peoples in Africa and introduce them to Christianity, as well as free them from slavery.
3. Louis Pasteur's various investigations convinced him of the rightness of his germ theory of disease, which holds that germs attack the body from outside. Many felt that such tiny organisms as germs could not possibly kill larger ones such as humans. But Pasteur extended this theory to explain the causes of many diseases – including cholera, TB and smallpox – and their prevention by vaccination.
4. Frederick Law Olmsted, the architect who designed New York City’s Central Park, called the Yosemite Valley “the greatest glory of nature.” Californians convinced one of their representatives, Senator John Conness, to do something about its protection. In May 1864, Conness introduced legislation to bring the Yosemite Valley under the control of the state of California. President Abraham Lincoln signed the bill into law.
5. The Maya thrived for nearly 2,000 years. Without the use of the cartwheel or metal tools, they built massive stone structures. They were accomplished scientists. They tracked a solar year of 365 days and one of the few surviving ancient Maya books contains tables of eclipses. From observatories, like the one at Chichen Itza, they tracked the progress of the war star, Mars.
6. Bali has been a surfing hotspot since the early 20th century, and continues to attract surfers from all over the world. The island's small size and unique geography provides wonderful surfing conditions, in all seasons, for surfers of any level of experience. Inexperienced surfers might like to try Kuta's kind waves, while more able surfers will try Nusa Dua's powerful waves.

G)  Base jumping is an extreme sport, one which only very adventurous travelers enjoy. Some base jumpers leap off bridges, others off buildings and the most extreme off cliffs in Norway. Once a year, base jumpers in the US get to leap off the New River Bridge in West Virginia. During the annual Bridge Day, hundreds of jumpers can go off the bridge legally. Thousands of spectators show up to watch.

1) Inspired by noble goals

2) Protected by law

3) Small size – great opportunities

4) Little experience – big success

5) Hard to see and to believe

6) Hard to explain how they could

7) Breathtaking just to watch

8) From travelling to discovery

Ответы: 8152637

• 1. Today Jakarta has much to offer, ranging from museums, art and antique markets, first class shopping to accommodations and a wide variety of cultural activities. Jakarta’s most famous landmark, the National Monument or Monas is a 137m obelisk topped with a flame sculpture coated with 35 kg of gold. Among other places one can mention the National museum that holds an extensive collection of ethnographic artifacts and relics, the Maritime Museum that exhibits Indonesia’s seafaring traditions, including models of sea going vessels.
• 2. Sumatra is a paradise for nature lovers, its national parks are the largest in the world, home to a variety of monkeys, tigers and elephants. Facing the open sea, the western coastline of Sumatra and the waters surrounding Nias Island have big waves that make them one of the best surfer’s beaches in Indonesia. There are beautiful coral reefs that are ideal for diving. For those who prefer night dives, the waters of Riau Archipelago offer a rewarding experience with marine scavengers of the dark waters.
• 3. Various establishments offer professional pampering service with floral baths, body scrubs, aromatic oils, massages and meditation; rituals and treatments that use spices and aromatic herbs to promote physical and mental wellness. Various spa hotels are extremely popular. Indonesians believe that when treating the body you cure the mind.
• 4. Jakarta has a distinctly cosmopolitan flavor. Tantalize your taste buds with a gastronomic spree around the city’s many eateries. Like French gourmet dining, exotic Asian cuisine, American fast food, stylish cafes, restaurants all compete to find a way into your heart through your stomach. The taste of Indonesia’s many cultures can be found in almost any corner of the city: hot and spicy food from West Sumatra, sweet tastes of Dental Java, the tangy fish dishes of North Sulawesi.
• 5. In the face of constant exposure to modernization and foreign influences, the native people still faithfully cling to their culture and rituals. The pre-Hindu Bali Aga tribe still maintains their own traditions of architecture, pagan religion, dance and music, such as unique rituals of dances and gladiator-like battles between youths. On the island of Siberut native tribes have retained their Neolithic hunter-gathering culture.
• 6. Whether you are a serious spender or half hearted shopper, there is sure to be something for everybody in Jakarta. Catering to diverse tastes and pockets, the wide variety of things you can buy in Jakarta is mind boggling from the best of local handicrafts to haute couture labels. Modern super and hyper markets, multi-level shopping centers, retail and specialty shops, sell quality goods at a competitive price. Sidewalk bargains range from tropical blooms of vivid colors and scents in attractive bouquets to luscious fruits of the seasons.
• 7. The land’s long and rich history can’t be separated from the influence of Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam and Christianity. There is one of the oldest Hindu temples in Java, the majestic Buddhist ‘monastery on the hill’, Borobudur, the largest Buddhist monument in the world. About 17 km away from this monastery is a 9th century temple complex built by the Sanjaya dynasty. Prambanan complex is dedicated to the Hindu trinity: Ciwa, Vishnu and Brahma. The spread of Islam also left interesting monuments such as the 15th century Minaret Mosque in Kudus.
• Ответы: CEGADBF
• ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

• Grammar – B4 – B10 .What is the longest river in Europe?

• The Aztec

A) Diwali is a five-day festival that is celebrated in October or November, depending on the cycle of the moon. It represents the start of the Hindu New Year and honors the victory of good over evil, and brightness over darkness. It also marks the start of winter. Diwali is actually celebrated in honor of Lord Rama and his wife Sita. One of the best places to experience Diwali is in the "pink city" of Jaipur, in Rajasthan. Each year there’s a competition for the best decorated and most brilliantly lit up market that attracts visitors from all over India.

B) The Blossom Kite Festival, previously named the Smithsonian Kite Festival, is an annual event that is traditionally a part of the festivities at the National Cherry Blossom Festival on the National Mall in Washington, DC. Kite enthusiasts show off their stunt skills and compete for awards in over 36 categories including aerodynamics and beauty. The Kite Festival is one of the most popular annual events in Washington, DC and features kite fliers from across the U.S. and the world.

C) The annual Ostrich Festival has been recognized as one of the "Top 10 Unique Festivals in the United States" with its lanky ostriches, multiple entertainment bands and many special gift and food vendors. It is truly a unique festival, and suitable for the entire family. The Festival usually holds Ostrich Races, an Exotic Zoo, Pig Races, a Sea Lion Show, a Hot Rod Show, Amateur Boxing and a Thrill Circus.

D) Iceland's Viking Festival takes place in mid-June every year and lasts 6 days, no matter what the weather in Iceland may be. It's one of the most popular annual events in Iceland where you can see Viking-style costumes, musical instruments, jewelry and crafts at the Viking Village. Visitors at the Viking Festival see sword fighting by professional Vikings and demonstrations of marksmanship with bows and muscle power. They can listen to Viking songs and lectures at the festival, or grab a bite at the Viking Restaurant nearby.

E) Dragon Boat Festival is one of the major holidays in Chinese culture. This summer festival was originally a time to ward off bad spirits, but now it is a celebration of the life of Qu Yuan, who was a Chinese poet of ancient period. Dragon boat festival has been an important holiday for centuries for Chinese culture, but in recent years dragon boat racing has become an international sport.

F) The Mangalica Festival is held in early February at Vajdahunyad Castle in Budapest. It offers the opportunity to experience Hungarian food, music, and other aspects of Hungarian culture. The festival is named for a furry pig indigenous to the region of Hungary and the Balkans. A mangalica is a breed of pig recognizable by its curly hair and known for its fatty flesh. Sausage, cheese and other dishes made with pork can be sampled at the festival.

G) Hanami is an important Japanese custom and is held all over Japan in spring. Hanami literally means "viewing flowers", but now it is a cherry blossom viewing. The origin of hanami dates back to more than one thousand years ago when aristocrats enjoyed looking at beautiful cherry blossoms and wrote poems. Nowadays, people in Japan have fun viewing cherry blossoms, drinking and eating. People bring home-cooked meals, do BBQ, or buy take-out food for hanami.

1) Music from every corner of the world

2) From pig to pork

3) Perfect time for a picnic

4) From a holiday to a sport

5) Famous religious celebrations

6) See them fly

7) Animal races and shows

8) Diving into history

Ответы: 5678423

• Grammar B4 – B10 .Kid inventions

• A white flag

Задание 32-38. New York City: Nostalgia for the Old Neighbourhood

Life is made up of little things: some unimportant memories from childhood that, in fact, shaped your character. I   32  on Third Avenue in midtown Manhattan during the 1950s-60s where family life was centred around old  33  of flats and small stores. Third Avenue was my old neighbourhood and it had character. It was   34  with working families of Italian, German and Irish origin. We shopped together with all those people and their kids played together. Third Avenue influenced the way our family lived. I absorbed the street life. It gave me an   35  that I could not have received in any other place. To me, it was home

In a recent walk around Third Avenue my eyes   36  signs of the old neighbourhood but couldn’t find any. If I hadn't been born here and someone described the area, it would be   37 to believe. It wasn't because a few buildings had changed – everything had changed. The transformation began in the late 1950s and 60s when corporations replaced the old neighbourhood. In the early 1960s, the houses were pulled down. Families were forced to   38 , the small stores went out of business and the old neighbourhood was changed forever. And now there is a lack of character in the transformed neighbourhood.

32. A)  brought up B)  grew up C)  went up D) got up

33. A) blocks B) houses C) groups D) sets

34. A) covered B) held C) loaded D) filled

35. A) knowledge B) information C) education D) training

36. A) looked after B) looked for C) looked through D) looked at

37. A) hard B) easy C) strange D) heavy

38. A) stay out B) take out C) move out D) go out

Sharing music with friends (32-38)

Brenda is a nineteen-year old full-time college student, and she earns money working part time as a waitress. Brenda loves to listen to music like most young people, but she can’t 32 the high CD prices that record companies 33 for popular CDs. Brenda says that the prices of CDs are ridiculously high at $17 to $20 each and there are only two or three good songs on each CD.

She 34  an apartment with three other roommates. She pays her own 35 and she also pays most of her 36 . Her solution to expensive CDs is to download or copy music from the Internet. Brenda and millions of other people are called “downloaders” because they download free file-sharing software and music. When Brenda later gives, shares, or trades her music files free over the Internet, she is also an uploader. She considers herself an active music uploader, but the music industry considers her a 37 . From 2001 on, the Recording Industry Association of America has sued and fined dozens of file-sharing services, for uploading music files, and hundreds of people, for 38  the law by downloading music.

32. А) provide Б) supply В) afford Г) allow   38. Undermining B) disobeying C) breaking D) ruining

33. А) offer Б) charge В) suggest Г) propose

34. А) leases Б) lends В) hires Г) rents

35. А) lessons Б) classes В) tuition Г) education

36. А) costs Б) fees В) expenses Г) payments

37. А) thief Б) cheater В) burglar Г) bandit

BRITISH THEATRE (32 – 38)

The theatre has always been very strong in Britain. Its centre is, of course, London, where successful plays can   32    without a break for many years. London has several dozens of theatres, most of them not   33    from Trafalgar Square.   34   London even some quite big towns have no public theatre at all, but every town has its private theatres. British theatre is much admired. There you can   35    the best of everything – an excellent orchestra, famous conductors, celebrated actors and a well-dressed   36   . 
Choose a good play, and you’ll enjoy yourself throughout from the moment the curtain   37   to the end of the last act. Get your seats beforehand, either at the box-office or at the theatre itself. You’ll probably want to sit as near to the   38    as possible. 

1. А) show Б) perform В) run Г) produce

2. А) far Б) remote В) distant Г) close

3. А) Inside Б) Outside В) In Г) Out

4. А) take Б) give В) hold   Г) get

5. А) audience Б) auditorium В) authority Г) publicity

6. А) puts up Б) sets up В) makes up Г) goes up

7. А) scene Б) stage В) scenery Г) performance

Your Future World (32 – 38)

What will you be doing in 2025? Will you be living in an undersea research station? Will you be the chief engineer 32  a bridge across the Atlantic Ocean? Will you be leading an 33  to the planet Mars? Will you be …?

You can daydream, of course, but nobody knows exactly what the world will be 34 . But scientists have made some guesses.

Based on the advances made, they believe people will be healthier. Diphtheria, malaria, tuberculosis, polio and many other killers are under control now. These diseases are on the way out, 35 to germ-killing chemicals, new ways of finding out about our bodies, and new ways of providing clean, safe 36  and water.

Healthier people live longer, so we can expect the world’s population to 37 sharply. It may double in the next forty years! This brings up a serious problem: how will we find food, water, and minerals for such a huge population?

Scientists are at work on some 38 . From the ocean they hope to get new fertilizers to increase the yield of the soil; new chemicals to kill crop-destroying insects without hurting other animals, new sources of water or supplies of food.

32. A) inventing; Б) designing; В) scheming; Г) doing             36A) eat,  B) feed, C) food, D) cooking

33. A) exploration; Б) expenditure; В) expedition; Г) exhibit  

34. A) like; Б) alike; В) likely; Г) likable                   37 A) decrease, B) distract, B) dissolve, C) increase

35. A) as a result; Б) because; В) on account; Г) thanks  38 A) solutions, B) alternatives, C) preferences) questions

Задание 26-31. Animals

Задание 26-31. Chemistry or no chemistry

I was planning a career in biology but was not looking forward to taking chemistry in my first year at Carleton University in Ottawa. However, the professor of chemistry was a famous ___26____SCIENCE___________.

He made the course interesting with his many small ____27____CHEMISTRY__________ explosions and crazy quizzes.

Once, he posed the question: “What in the world isn't chemistry?” and offered a prize to the student who answered ____28____CORRECT__________.

A couple of weeks passed. ____29____FINAL__________, he announced in class that the contest was over. A student had gone to his office to ask if she could try her hand at the question. “What in the world isn't chemistry?” she asked.

“My ___30____RELATION___________ with my last boyfriend – that wasn't chemistry.”

By default, she became the __31______WIN__________.

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Задание 26-31. 2012 London Olympics

How has London 2012 changed the sporting map of the world? The United States won the highest number of gold medals and the most medals in total, with China dropping to second place on the medals table after unprecedented _____26___DOMINATE__________ at their home Olympics in Beijing four years ago.

The third place for Great Britain exceeded all ____27____EXPECT__________.

Previously, 2008 Beijing Olympics were considered the most __28______SUCCESS__________ for the British with only the fourth place.

In 2008, Russia took the third place. This year, Russia fell out of the top three ___29_____WIN__________ for the first time since the end of the Soviet era.

South Korea improved to the fifth, their best finish since hosting the Games in Seoul 24 years ago. For Australia it was a _____30__COMPARATIVE___________ miserable Olympics, where it took the tenth place.

It was their worst ___31_____PERFORM__________ in two decades.

 Задание 32 – 38. Consuela

Victor Rosenheim, an American banker, was Consuela’s third husband. At first 32 ______ they looked happy. The gossip columns, however, were suggesting that the former Colombian model was already searching for the next husband. The Rosenheims flew into London from their home in New York. The purpose of their trip was twofold. There was always the chance that Mr. Rosenheim would take over a small merchant bank, while Mrs. Rosenheim intended to occupy her time looking 3 3______ a suitable birthday present – for herself. 34 ______ people have been able to discover exactly which birthday Consuela would officially be celebrating.

After a sleepless night, Victor Rosenheim 35 ______ to get up early for an important meeting in the City, while Consuela remained in bed toying with her breakfast. After breakfast Consuela 36 ______ a couple of phone calls and then she disappeared into the bathroom.

Fifty minutes later she emerged from her suite dressed in a pink Chanel suit. She stepped out of the hotel and into the morning sun to begin her search for the birthday present.

She spent some time in Asprey’s considering the latest slimline watches, a gold statue of a tiger with jade eyes and a Faberge egg. She 37 ______ that her close friend, Tina, was not with her, she needed her advice badly. From there she walked to a 38 ______ shop, which despite a determined salesman who showed her almost everything the shop had to offer, she still left empty-handed.

32. A) Look  B) Glimpse  C) Sight  D) View

33 A) at  B) for   C) into   D) after

34 A) Much   B) many   C) little    D) few

35 A) achieved  B) fulfilled C) managed   D) succeeded

35 A) took   B) made   C) did  D) held

36 A) regretted   B) apologized  C) disappointed  D) dissatisfied

37 A) next B) nearby   C) close D) near

 Задание 32-38. Diana

Diana had been hoping to get away by 5:00, so she could be at the farm in time for dinner. She tried not to show her true feelings when at 4:37 her deputy, Phil Haskings, presented her with a complex twelve-page document that 32 ______ the signature of a director before it could be sent out to the client. Haskins didn’t hesitate to 33 ______ her that they had lost two similar contracts that week.

To 34 ______ the truth, it was always the same on a Friday. The phones would go quiet in the middle of the afternoon and then, just as she thought she could leave, a new document would land on her desk. Diana looked at the document and knew there would be no chance of escaping before 6:00.

Diana adored her children. At first 35 ______ she looked happy. The demands of being a single parent as well as a director of a small but thriving City company meant there were 36 ______ moments left in any day to relax. When it came to the one weekend in four that James and Caroline spent with her ex-husband, Diana would try to leave the office a little earlier than usual to avoid the weekend traffic.

She read through the first page slowly, aware that any mistake 37 ______ hastily on a Friday evening could be 38 ______ in the weeks to come. She glanced at the clock on her desk as the signed the final page of the document. It was just showing 5:51.

 Задания 31 -38. The First Day at School

Do you remember your first day at school? It was probably31 ____ confusing. Now, to 32 ____ this confusion, many primary schools in England have a special teacher who welcomes new pupils. She is 33 ____ a reception class teacher. The children are34 ____ with the idea of school and if they have been good, they can’t understand why they have to go to school. They imagine that school is optional. When the child goes to school on his first day and watches his mother leaving he thinks that she is deserting him. The teacher must 35 ____ him that at the end of the day his mother will be back and take him home. The children are not the only people that are disturbed by going to school. The teacher sometimes has as much difficulty in 36 ____ with the mothers. They hang around and dislike leaving the child without their protection.

The best way to 37 ____ with the situation is to get the child used to the idea of school. Before the beginning of term, the mother should take her child to see the teacher and to look38 ____ the school. The first day should be something to emphasize the regularity of school.

31. А) enough; Б) rarely; В) rather; Г) equally

32. A) escape; Б) defeat; В) beat; Г) avoid

33. A) named; Б) called; В) said; Г) told

34. A) afraid; Б) threatened; В) endangered; Г) risked

35. A) convince; Б) prove; В) explain; Г) announce

36. A) managing; Б) guiding; В) coping; Г) handling

37. A) face; Б) deal; В) touch; Г) consider

38. A) through; Б) about; В) after; Г) round

 Задания по грамматике.  He was too clever

Some people want to show how clever they are and that may lead to trouble. Once a professor _________TRAVEL_________ by boat. On his way he asked the sailor: “Do you know biology, ecology, zoology, geography?” 
The sailor said no to all his questions. The professor said: “What on Earth do you know? You _________DIE_________ of illiteracy.”

After a while, the boat started _________SINK_________ . The sailor asked the professor: “Do you know swiminology and escapology from sharkology?” The professor said no. The sailor said, “Well, sharkology and crocodilogy will eat your headology and bodyology and you will dielogy because of your mouthology.”

Do Canadians celebrate Thanksgiving?

Canadians celebrate Thanksgiving Day, but on a different day. Their Thanksgiving is on the _________TWO_________ Monday in October.
It happens so because harvest time comes ________EARLY__________ in Canada.
Canadians enjoy turkey, mashed potatoes, and pumpkin pie on Thanksgiving, but they _________NOT ASSOCIATE_________ their holiday with Pilgrims and the landing of the Mayflower. Instead, they refer back to the landing of Martin Frobisher from England at Newfoundland in 1578, 43 years before the Pilgrims landed in Massachusetts.

 Лексика. EMERGENCY SERVICES.

B11 The main emergency telephone number in Britain is 999. The number 999 was chosen because, on the old dial phones, it was considered to be the easiest to dial in  DARK
   or smoke.

   
B12 The number 999 calls the fire brigade, the police, the ambulance service, a coastguard rescue service or a mountain rescue party. The first three services are the most COMMON  used. 

 
B13 The procedure is to dial the emergency number (the call is free), to tell the OPERATE    which service is needed and to give the address or location where help is needed.         

B14 Where a specialized service is required, the call for help is often made to a branch of a voluntary ORGANIZE   or charity.          

B15 Their numbers are listed separately in the local telephone directory and include such bodies as Alcoholics Anonymous, the Society for the prevention of  CRUEL    to children, etc.        

B16  Children who feel that they are in danger from adults can now call the fund Childline, using the number 0800 1111. This fund offers advice and FRIEND in such cases and operates on a regional basis.   

Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски A — F частями предложений, обозначенными цифрами 1 — 7. Одна из частей в списке 1 — 7 лишняя

Australia

Australia was the last great landmass to be discovered by the Europeans. The continent they eventually discovered had already been inhabited for tens of thousands of years.
Australia is an island continent  A---- is the result of gradual changes wrought over millions of years. 
  B ---, Australia is one of the most stable land masses, and for about 100 million years has been free of the forces that have given rise to huge mountain ranges elsewhere. 
          From the east coast a narrow, fertile strip merges into the greatly eroded Great Dividing Range, C ---.. 

The mountains are merely reminders of the mighty range, D ---..  Only in the section straddling the New South Wales border with Victoria and in Tasmania, are they high enough to have winter snow.

West of the range of the country becomes increasingly flat and dry. The endless flatness is broken only by salt lakes, occasional mysterious protuberances and some mountains E ---.. In places the scant vegetation is sufficient to allow some grazing. However, much of the Australian outback is a barren land of harsh stone deserts and dry lakes.
The extreme north of Australia, the Top End, is a tropical area within the monsoon belt. F --, it comes in more or less one short, sharp burst. This has prevented the Top End from becoming seriously productive area.

1. that once stood here
2. that is almost continent long
3. whose property is situated to the north of Tasmania
4. whose landscape - much of bleak and inhospitable -
5. whose beauty reminds of the MacDonald Ranges
6. Although its annual rainfall looks adequate on paper
7. Although there is still seismic activity in the eastern highland area
8. Лексика. B11 – B16.

The Opening Night

B11 The Phantom of the Opera, Cats, Mama Mia… They are all stage musicals. The opening night of a new musical is always a MARVEL    event.     
B12  After years of PREPARE and weeks of rehearsals the production has to be ready for the public and the critics. 

B13  First nights usually start earlier than the regular PERFORM  so that the critics can write their reviews in time to include them in the next morning’s newspapers.  
B14  The critics are the most  FRIGHT people on the first night because their opinions will either help make the show a hit or force it to close.    
B15  The rest of the audience on the first night is usually made up of friends of the cast and famous celebrities. The celebrities attract newspaper PHOTOGRAPH and help give the musical maximum publicity.  
B16 There will also be some angels there who will  B be more nervous than the performers.
And then after the curtain has come down and the show is over, there’s the opening night party.    PROBABLE

• Saturday jobs: memories of weekend working

Research has shown a sharp fall in the number of teenagers who do Saturday jobs. It seems such a shame – my Saturday job as a kitchen porter was something of a rite of passage. I'll never forget long hours A----, scouring grease off huge saucepans and griddles. Working atmosphere there helped me grow a thicker skin, develop quicker banter and, most importantly, taught me the value of hard work. It also resulted in a steady supply of cash, B-------. I'm not the only one who has strong memories of weekend work. DJ Trevor Nelson said everyone should be able to have a Saturday job: "It taught me a lot, C---------."

The link between the type of Saturday job a celebrity performed and their later career is sometimes obvious. Dragon's Den star and businessman Peter Jones, for example, showed early promise by starting his own business. "I passed my Lawn Tennis Association coaching exam, D--------," he explains. "At the start I was coaching other kids, E-------, for which I could charge £25–30 an hour. While my friends on milk rounds were getting £35 a week, I was doing five hours on a Saturday and earning four times as much."

Skier Chemmy Alcott got a job working for the Good Ski Guide, on the advertising side. "It became clear to me what my personal value to companies could be. It led directly to me finding my head sponsor … and it offered me an eight-year contract. That gave me the financial backing F----------."

As part of its response to the Saturday job statistics, the UK Commission for Employment and Skills said a lack of early work opportunities makes it harder for young people to acquire experience for their CVs

1) but soon I got adults wanting to book lessons

2) which I would happily spend as I liked

3) which let me know he approved of me

4) and things would be different if everyone was given the chance

5) which I needed to become a professional skier

6) that I spent in the kitchen of a busy country pub in East Sussex

7) and I persuaded my local club to let me use a court on Saturdays

Ответы: - 624715

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• You have 20 minutes to do this task.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Tom who writes:

Last summer my parents and I went hiking to the mountains. We spent the whole week together and enjoyed it very much. How often do you take active holidays? Who do you think is the best company for you? What extreme sports would you like to try, if any, and why?

Last month our English class got an interesting project. We wrote a paper about interesting events in the past of our country

• Lots of fun in Cardiff

As you would expect of a capital city, Cardiff offers a huge choice of exciting sport and entertainment throughout the year.

Every March the city celebrates St. David, Wales’ patron saint, with parades and music. August sees the International Festival of Street Entertainment, with the heart of the city A --- . Family fun days in the parks and at the waterfront are part of this sensational summer scene. Brass and military bands are often to be seen on Cardiff’s streets. Between May and October the world’s only seagoing paddle steamer cruises from Cardiff’s seaside resort.

In autumn the fun continues with Cardiff’s Festival of the Arts B --- . Music is at the centre of the festival, with international stars C --- . Christmas in Cardiff is full of colour and festivities. The truly spectacular Christmas illuminations have earned Cardiff the title of “Christmas City”. And there is entertainment for all the family, D --- .

There is always something happening in Cardiff. The BBC National Orchestra of Wales and Welsh National Opera can both be heard here. Cardiff previews many London “West End” shows E --- .

The city’s range of accommodation facilities is truly impressive, F --- . And with a city as compact as Cardiff there are places to stay in all price brackets.

1) joining some of Wales’ most talented musicians

2) having their summer holidays in Cardiff

3) beating with dance and theatrical performances

4) from pantomimes to Christmas tree celebrations

5) which features music, film, literature and graphics

6) from international names to family-run guest houses

7) that usually attract hundreds of theatre lovers

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• You have 20 minutes to do this task.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Jane who writes:

 … I have just returned from our school volleyball competition. I played for my class team and we won! What sport competitions are held in your school, if any? How can you become a member of your school sport team? Is it an easy thing to do? What kind of sport sections can you attend at school or in town?

Oh, I have some more good news! My sister had a great birthday party yesterday!

• Number of teenagers with Saturday job drops

     The number of teenagers with Saturday jobs has dropped. Young people do not acquire any experience for their CVs – a crucial step towards getting full-time work. The proportion of teenagers combining part-time jobs with school or college has slumped from 40% in the 1990s to around 20% now, according to the UK Commission for Employment and Skills (UKCES), a government agency. Latest figures show that only A ------ in 1997.

     The trend is not just recession-related, but the result of an increasing expectation B----- well as a falling number of Saturday jobs, according to the report. Many of the jobs that young people do, such as bar work, are in long-term decline, and are forecast to decline further over the next decade.

      "Recruiters place significant emphasis on experience … C -------," the report says. Word of mouth is the most common way to get a job, D ----- young people are unable to build up informal contacts, it adds.

      Ms. Todd, a commissioner at the UKCES, said: "There's more emphasis on doing well at school, young people are finding less time to do what they would have done a few years ago. "I think it's also the changing structure of the labour market. Retail is still a big employer, E-------. As a consequence, we need to think about how we get young people the work experience they need."

     A new initiative to send employees into state schools to talk about their careers was also launched recently. The scheme, Inspiring the Future, is meant to give state schoolchildren access to the kind of careers advice that private schools offer. The deputy prime minister said: "The power of making connections F -------- and can be life-changing."

• 1)that young people should stay on at school, as

2) that inspire young people is immeasurable

3) but an increasing shortage of work experience means

4) but a lot more of it is being done online

5) 260,000 teenagers have a Saturday job compared with 435,000

6) that it was researching the system of funding education after 16

7) young people are leaving education increasingly less experienced

• Ответы: - 517342
• ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

• . You have 20 minutes to do this task.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Jane who writes:

… Yesterday my Mum asked me to help her about the house. We were very busy with cleaning up after the birthday party the whole morning. I got quite tired and even missed my fitness class. What are your family duties, if any? Is there anything you especially like or dislike about house work? Do you find helping your parents necessary, why or why not?

Oh, I have some great news! I got a lovely kitten for my birthday...

• Write a letter to Jane

• Friendship And Love

A strong friendship takes a significant amount of time to develop. It will not just magically mature overnight. A friendship involves committing oneself to help another person 1----- . I believe that nothing can replace a true friend, not material objects, or money, and definitely not a boy

.I met this guy a couple summers ago who I ended up spending almost all of my free time with. His parents did not approve of our dating because of our age difference, 2----- . He had told me the day we met that he had joined the air force and would leave for overseas that coming October. After three months had past, the time came when he had to leave. This left me feeling completely alone.

I turned to my friends for support, but to my surprise, 3 ------- . I had spent so much time with this guy and so little time with them, that they did not feel sorry for me when he left. For so long they had become the only constant in my life, and I had taken them for granted over something 4 -------- .

When my boyfriend came back, our relationship changed. I tried to fix all the aspects in my life that had gone so wrong in the previous six months

This experience taught me that true friendships will only survive if one puts forth effort to make them last. Keeping friends close will guarantee that 5 ------ . When a relationship falls apart, a friend will always do everything in their power to make everything less painful. As for me, I try to keep my friends as close as I can. I know they will always support me in whatever I do, and to them, 6 ------ .

A. but we did anyway

B. whenever a need arises

C. they did not really care

D. whenever they need your help

• E. I could not guarantee would even last

F. I am eternally grateful for a second chance

G. someone will always have a shoulder to cry on

Ответы: BACEGF

• . You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Jane who writes:

• Arizona’s world class cruise

      Spectacular Canyon Lake is situated in the heart of the Superstition Mountains in Arizona, giving home to the Dolly Steamboat. The Dolly Steamboat, A ----------------- , now cruises the secluded inner waterways of this beautiful lake. It is worth exploring this favourite destination of President Theodore Roosevelt who declared, “The Apache Trail and surrounding area combines the grandeur of the Alps, the glory of the Rockies, the magnificence of the Grand Canyon and then adds something B ---------.” You will marvel as you travel up to the national forest, which provides the most inspiring and beautiful panorama C------ . Every trip brings new discoveries of rock formations, geological history, and the flora and fauna distinct to the deserts of Arizona.

      Once aboard the Dolly Steamboat, you may view the majestic desert big horn sheep, bald eagles and a host bird of other wildlife, water fowl, D ------- . Experience the unique sound harmony that is created by the waters of Canyon Lake. Stretch out and relax at one of the tables or stand next to the railings on the deck. There is plenty of leg room on the Dolly. You will get a unique chance to listen to the captain E ------------ .

      All the passengers are treated with outstanding service and personal attention to every need. Feel free to ask questions, move about and mingle with the crew. So enjoy an unforgettable vacation cruise and see F --------------,  like a ride on Arizona’s Dolly Steamboat.

1) that none of the others have

2) who pays much attention to children’s safety

3) continuing a tradition of cruising since 1925

4) hovering over the magnificent lake

5) that nature has ever created in the wild

6) who retells the legends of the mysterious past

7) for yourself why there is nothing quite

• Ответы: 315467
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• 6. You have 20 minutes to do this task.

You have received a letter from your pen-friend Tom who writes:

… In our city we have an annual competition for teenagers who make their own short films. This year I got the second prize for a film about my grandparents. Do you think it’s important to record family history? Who do you think should do it? How can it be done best?

This month is my mom’s birthday and now I am thinking about a gift for her. I want it to be very special

        Orient Express

      In the early 1860s, trains were the preferred way to travel. They weren’t particularly comfortable, however, until American engineer George Mortimer Pullman decided to make trains more luxurious.

     By the late 1860s, trains furnished not only sleeping cars, but kitchen and dining facilities, where A ----- . This was innovative for the time, and was aimed to encourage people B ------ . The first of these Pullman trains in England ran from London to Brighton and used electricity for illumination.

     In 1881, another railway entrepreneur, George Nagelmacker, introduced the use of a restaurant car onboard, and the first Orient Express train service was begun. Running from Paris to Romania the route included Strasbourg, Vienna, Budapest and Bucharest.

     Thanks to the 12 mile Simplon Tunnel, C ------- , the Orient Express expanded, including a route to Istanbul, and the legendary romance of the Orient Express was in full swing.

     Everyone in the social register, including royalty, chose to travel on the wheels of that luxury hotel D ---------  in wealthy surroundings. Legends, stories, and intrigue surrounded those trips to exotic places, and those famous people E-------- .

     Unfortunately, during World War II this luxury travel was closed for the most part, and later, after the war, F -----------  to start it again. Within the next few years airplane travel became popular, and train passenger service declined.

1) which connected Switzerland and Italy

2) there was no money

3) that served dishes and wines

4) elegant meals were served to passengers

5) who rode the train

6) to use trains for long distance travel and vacations

7) who wrote about it

Ответы: 461352

• . You have 20 minutes to do this task.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Tom who writes:

Last month our class went to Washington to visit the National Museum of American History. It was my first visit there and it was fun! How often do you go to museums with your class, if at all? Which museum is your favourite or what museum would you like to visit? Why do you think people should go there?

This summer we plan to go hiking with my parents

• Harry Potter course for university students

Students of Durham University are being given the chance to sign up to what is thought to be the UK's first course focusing on the world of Harry Potter. Although every English-speaking person in the world knows about Harry Potter books and films, few have thought of using them as a guide to … modern life.

The Durham University module uses the works of JK Rowling A -----  modern society. “Harry Potter and the Age of Illusion” will be available for study next year. So far about 80 undergraduates have signed B  ------- a BA degree in Education Studies. Future educationalists will analyse JK Rowling’s fanfiction from various points of view.

A university spokesman said: “This module places the Harry Potter novels in a wider social and cultural context.” He added that a number of themes would be explored, C -------  the classroom, bullying, friendship and solidarity and the ideals of and good citizenship.

The module was created by the head of the Department of Education at Durham University. He said the idea for the new module had appeared in response D  ------ body: “It seeks to place the series in its wider social and cultural context and will explore some fundamental issues E ------- . You just need to read the academic writing which started F ----  that Harry Potter is worthy of serious study.”

1) up for the optional module, part of

2) such as the moral universe of the school

3) to examine prejudice, citizenship and bullying in

4) including the world of rituals, prejudice and intolerance in

5) to emerge four or five years ago to see

6) such as the response of the writer

7) to growing demand from the student

Ответы: 314765

• You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Robert who writes:

• America’s fun place on America’s main street

 If any city were considered a part of every citizen in the United States, it would be Washington, DC. To many, the Old Post Office Pavilion serves A ----- . If you are in the area, be a part of it all by visiting us – or B ------ . Doing so will keep you aware of the latest musical events, great happenings and international dining, to say the least.

Originally built in 1899, the Old Post Office Pavilion embodied the modern spirit С ----- . Today, our architecture and spirit of innovation continues to evolve and thrive. And, thanks to forward-thinking people, you can now stroll through the Old Post Office Pavilion and experience both D --------  with international food, eclectic shopping and musical events. All designed to entertain lunch, mid-day and after work audiences all week long.

A highlight of the Old Post Office Pavilion is its 315-foot Clock Tower. Offering a breath-taking view of the city, National Park Service Rangers give free Clock Tower tours every day! Individuals and large tour groups are all welcome. The Old Post Office Clock Tower also proudly houses the official United States Bells of Congress, a gift from England E ----- . The Washington Ringing Society sounds the Bells of Congress every Thursday evening and on special occasions.

Visit the Old Post Office Pavilion, right on Pennsylvania Avenue between the White House and the Capitol. It is a great opportunity F ----- , this is a landmark not to be missed no matter your age.

1) by joining our e-community

2) that are offered to the visitors

• 3) its glamorous past and fun-filled present

4) that was sweeping the country

5) to learn more about American history

6) as a landmark reminder of wonderful experiences

7) celebrating the end of the Revolutionary War

• Ответы:  614375
• ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
• 3. You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend John who writes:

• My Stage

My family moved to Rockaway, New Jersey in the summer of 1978. It was there that my dreams of stardom began.

I was nine years old. Heather Lambrix lived next door, and she and I became best friends. I thought she was so lucky 1 --- . She took tap and jazz and got to wear cool costumes with bright sequences and makeup and perform on stage. I went to all of her recitals and 2 ---- .

My living room and sometimes the garage were my stage. I belonged to a cast of four, which consisted of Heather, my two younger sisters, Lisa and Faith, and I. Since I was the oldest and the bossiest, I was the director. Heather came with her own costumes 3 ---- . We choreographed most of our dance numbers as we went along. Poor Faith … we would throw her around 4 ---- . She was only about four or five … and so agile. We danced around in our bathing suits to audiocassettes and records from all the Broadway musicals. We’d put a small piece of plywood on the living room carpet, 5 ---- . And I would imitate her in my sneakers on the linoleum in the hall. I was a dancer in the making.

My dad eventually converted a part of our basement into a small theater. He hung two “spotlights” and a sheet for a curtain. We performed dance numbers to tunes like “One” and “The Music and the Mirror” from A Chorus Line. I sang all the songs from Annie. I loved to sing, 6  -----. I just loved to sing. So I belted out songs like “Tomorrow”, “Maybe” and “What I Did For Love.” I knew then, this is what I wanted to do with my life

Ответы: CFADGE

• 2. You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Nick who writes:

• London Zoo

London Zoo is one of the most important zoos in the world. There are over 12,000 animals at London Zoo and A ---- ! Its main concern is to breed threatened animals in captivity. This means we might be able to restock the wild, should disaster ever befall the wild population.

Partula Snail, Red Crowned Crane, Arabian Oryx, Golden Lion Tamarin, Persian Leopard, Asiatic Lion and Sumatran Tiger are just some of the species London Zoo is helping to save.

That is why it is so important that we fight to preserve the habitats that these animals live in, as well as eliminate other dangers B ---- . But we aim to make your day at London Zoo a fun and memorable time, C  ----.

In the Ambika Paul Children’s Zoo, for instance, youngsters can learn a new love and appreciation for animals D ------ . They can also learn how to care for favourite pets in the Pet Care Centre.

Then there are numerous special Highlight events E  -----  unforgettable pony rides to feeding times and spectacular animal displays. You will get to meet keepers and ask them what you are interested in about the animals they care for, F -------- .

Whatever you decide, you will have a great day. We have left no stone unturned to make sure you do!

1) because they see and touch them close up

2) such as hunting exotic animals and selling furs

3) as well as the ins and outs of being a keeper at London Zoo

4) that is not counting every ant in the colony

5) which demand much time and effort

6) which take place every day, from

7) despite the serious side to our work

• Оветы: 427163

• -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Tom who writes:

• Before the Hubble Space Telescope was launched, scientists thought they knew the universe. They were wrong.

The Hubble Space Telescope has changed many scientists’ view of the universe. The telescope is named after American astronomer Edwin Hubble, 1 ---- .

He established that many galaxies exist and developed the first system for their classifications.

In many ways, Hubble is like any other telescope. It simply gathers light. It is roughly the size of a large school bus. What makes Hubble special is not what it is, 2 ---- .

Hubble was launched in 1990 from the “Discovery” space shuttle and it is about 350 miles above our planet, 3 ------ .

It is far from the glare of city lights, it doesn’t have to look through the air, 4  ------.

And what a view it is! Hubble is so powerful it could spot a fly on the moon.

Yet in an average orbit, it uses the same amount of energy as 28 100-watt light bulbs. Hubble pictures require no film. The telescope takes digital images 5 ------ .

Hubble has snapped photos of storms on Saturn and exploding stars. Hubble doesn’t just focus on our solar system. It also peers into our galaxy and beyond. Many Hubble photos show the stars that make up the Milky Way galaxy. A galaxy is a city of stars.

Hubble cannot take pictures of the sun or other very bright objects, because doing so could “fry” the telescope’s instruments, but it can detect infrared and ultra violet light 6  -----.

Some of the sights of our solar system that Hubble has glimpsed may even change the number of planets in it.

A. which is above Earth’s atmosphere.

B. which are transmitted to scientists on Earth.

C. which is invisible to the human eye.

D. who calculated the speed at which galaxies move.

E. so it has a clear view of space.

F. because many stars are in clouds of gas.

G. but where it is.

Ответы: DGAEBC

• 1.You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Tom who writes:

• Hi-tech brings families together

Technology is helping families stay in touch like never before, says a report carried out in the US.
Instead of driving people apart, mobile phones and the Internet are 1 ---- . The research looked at the differences in technology use between families with children and single adults. It found that traditional families have more hi-tech gadgets in their home 2 ---- . Several mobile phones were found in 89% of families and 66% had a high-speed Internet connection. The research also found that 58% of families have more 3 ---- .

Many people use their mobile phone to keep in touch and communicate with parents and children. Seventy percent of couples, 4 ---- , use it every day to chat or say hello. In addition, it was found that 42% of parents contact their children via their mobile every day.

The growing use of mobile phones, computers and the Internet means that families no longer gather round the TV to spend time together. 25% of those who took part in the report said they now spend less time 5 ----- . Only 58% of 18-29 year olds said they watched TV every day. Instead the research found that 52% of Internet users who live with their families go online 6 ------  several times a week and 51% of parents browse the web with their children.

"Some analysts have worried that new technologies hurt families, but we see that technology allows for new kinds of connectedness built around cell phones and the Internet," said the report.

A. than any other group

B. watching television

C. in the company of someone else

D. than two computers in the home

E. communicated with their families

F. helping them communicate

G. owning a mobile

• Ответы: EADGBC
• ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
• You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Nick who writes:

• Lindsay Wildlife Museum

Lindsay Wildlife Museum is a unique natural history and environmental education centre where visitors can listen to the cry of a red-tailed hawk, go eye-to-eye with a grey fox and watch a bald eagle eat lunch. More than fifty species of native California animals are on exhibit here.

Thousands of school children learn about the natural environment in their classrooms A ----  of the museum. Nature- and science-oriented classes and trips are offered for adults and children. More than 600 volunteers help to feed and care for wild animals, B ------ . Volunteers are active in the museum's work, contributing C  -------.

The museum was founded by a local businessman, Alexander Lindsay. Sandy, as friends knew him, started teaching neighborhood children about nature in the early 1950s. Initially housed in an elementary school, the museum began offering school-aged children summer classes, D ----------.

After nearly a decade of the museum operation, it became apparent E ------- . With a new 5,000 square-foot home, the museum could now develop and display a permanent collection of live, native wildlife and natural history objects.

People came to the museum for help with wild animals F ----------  urban growth. In response, a formal wildlife rehabilitation programme – the first of its kind in the United States of America – began in 1970.

1) that needed public attention and a new building

2) through education programmes and on-site tours

3) many hours of service to wildlife care and fundraising

4) that a permanent, year-round site was necessary

5) as well as field trips focused on the natural world

6) that had been injured or orphaned because of intense

7) as well as teach children and adults about nature

• Ответы: 273546
• ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
• You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend John who writes:

• Duration of life and its social implications

 The world’s population is about to reach a landmark of huge social and economic importance, when the proportion of the global population over 65 outnumbers children under 5 for the first time. A new report by the US census bureau shows A ----- , with enormous consequences for both rich and poor nations.

The rate of growth will shoot up in the next couple of years. B ----  a combination of the high birth rates after the Second World War and more recent improvements in health that are bringing down death rates at older ages. Separate UN forecasts predict that the global population will be more than nine billion by 2050.

The US census bureau was the first to sound C ------ . Its latest forecasts warn governments and international bodies that this change in population structure will bring widespread challenges at every level of human organization, starting with the structure of the family, which will be transformed as people live longer. This will in turn place new burdens on careers and social services providers, D -------  for health services and pensions systems.

“People are living longer and, in some parts of the world, healthier lives,” the authors conclude. “This represents one of the greatest achievements of the last century but also a significant challenge E ------  population.”

Ageing will put pressure on societies at all levels. One way of measuring that is to look at the older dependency ratio, F ------  that must be supported by them. The ODR is the number of people aged 65 and over for every 100 people aged 20 to 64. It varies widely, from just six in Kenya to 33 in Italy and Japan. The UK has an ODR of 26, and the US has 21.

1) the change is due to

2) a huge shift towards an ageing population

3) as proportions of older people increase in most countries

4) while patterns of work and retirement will have huge implications

5) which recently replaced Italy as the world’s oldest major country

6) the alarm about these changes

7) which shows the balance between working-age people and the older

• Ответы:216437
• -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
• You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Robert who writes:

• The Power Of 'Hello'

I work at a company where there are hundreds of employees. I know most of them and almost all of them know me. It is all based on one simple principle: I believe every single person deserves to be acknowledged, 1 ----- .

When I was about 10 years old, I was walking down the street with my mother. She stopped to speak to Mr. Lee. I knew I could see Mr. Lee any time around the neighborhood, 2 ----- .
After we passed Mr. Lee, my mother said something that has stuck with me from that day until now. She said, "You let that be the last time you ever walk by somebody and not open up your mouth to speak, because even a dog can wag its tail 3  ----". That phrase sounds simple, but it has been a guidepost for me and the foundation of who I am. I started to see that when I spoke to someone, they spoke back. And that felt good. It is not just something I believe in; 4  -----. I believe that every person deserves to feel someone acknowledges their presence, no matter how unimportant they may be.

At work, I always used to say 'hello' to the founder of the company and ask him how our business was doing. But I was also speaking to the people in the cafe, and asked how their children were doing. I remembered after a few years of passing by the founder, I had the courage to ask him for a meeting. We had a great talk. At a certain point, I asked him 5 ------ . He said, "If you want to, you can get all the way to this seat."
I have become vice president, but that has not changed the way I approach people. I speak to everyone I see, no matter where I am. I have learned that speaking to people creates a pathway into their world, 6 ----- .

• A. it has become a way of life

B. when it passes you on the street

C. when you see him and talk to him

D. and it lets them come into mine, too

E. so I did not pay any attention to him

F. however small or simple the greeting is

G. how far he thought I could go in his company

Ответы: FEBAGD

• You have 20 minutes to do this task.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Tom who writes:

Last month our class went to Washington to visit the National Museum of American History. It was my first visit there and it was fun! How often do you go to museums with your class, if at all? Which museum is your favourite or what museum would you like to visit? Why do you think people should go there?

This summer we plan to go hiking with my parents.

• Mobile phones

On New Year’s Day, 1985, Michael Harrison phoned his father, Sir Ernest, to wish him a happy new year. Sir Ernest was chairman of Racal Electronics, the owner of Vodafone, A ---- .

At the time, mobile phones weighed almost a kilogram, cost several thousand pounds and provided only 20 minutes talktime. The networks themselves were small; Vodafone had just a dozen masts covering London. Nobody had any idea of the huge potential of wireless communication and the dramatic impact B ---- .

Hardly anyone believed there would come a day when mobile phones were so popular C ---- . But in 1999 one mobile phone was sold in the UK every four seconds, and by 2004 there were more mobile phones in the UK than people. The boom was a result of increased competition which pushed prices lower and created innovations in the way that mobiles were sold.

When the government introduced more competition, companies started cutting prices to attract more customers. Cellnet, for example, changed its prices, D ---- . It also introduced local call tariffs.

The way that handsets themselves were marketed was also changing and it was Finland’s Nokia who made E ---- . In the late 1990s Nokia realized that the mobile phone was a fashion item: so it offered interchangeable covers which allowed you to customize and personalize your handset.

The mobile phone industry has spent the later part of the past decade reducing its monthly charge F ----- , which has culminated in the fight between the iPhone and a succession of touch screen rivals.

1) that there would be more phones in the UK than there are people

2) the leap from phones as technology to phones as fashion items

3) and his son was making the first-ever mobile phone call in the UK

4) the move to digital technology, connecting machines to wireless networks

5) trying to persuade people to do more with their phones than just call and text

6) that mobile phones would have over the next quarter century

7) and relying instead on actual call charges

• Ответы: 361527
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• You have 20 minutes to do this task.

You have received a letter from your pen-friend Tom who writes:

… In our city we have an annual competition for teenagers who make their own short films. This year I got the second prize for a film about my grandparents. Do you think it’s important to record family history? Who do you think should do it? How can it be done best?

This month is my mom’s birthday and now I am thinking about a gift for her. I want it to be very special

• The science of sound, or acoustics, as it is often called, has been made over radically within a comparatively short space of time. Not so long ago the lectures on sound in colleges and high schools dealt chiefly with the vibrations of such things as the air columns in organ pipes. Nowadays, however, thanks chiefly to a number of electronic instruments engineers can study sounds as effectively 1 ------ . The result has been a new approach to research in sound. Scientists have been able to make far-reaching discoveries in many fields of acoustics 2 ------ .
• Foremost among the instruments that have revolutionized the study of acoustics are electronic sound-level meters also known as sound meters and sound-intensity meters. These are effective devices that first convert sound waves into weak electric signals, then amplify the signals through electronic means 3 ---- . The intensity of a sound is measured in units called decibels. “Zero” sound is the faintest sound 4 ---- . The decibel measures the ratio of the intensity of a given sound to the standard “zero” sound. The decibel scale ranges from 0 to 130. An intensity of 130 decibels is perceived not only as a sound, but also 5 ---- . The normal range of painlessly audible sounds for the average human ear is about 120 decibels. For forms of life other than ourselves, the range can be quite different.

The ordinary sound meter measures the intensity of a given sound, rather than its actual loudness. Under most conditions, however, it is a quite good indicator of loudness. Probably the loudest known noise ever heard by human ears was that of the explosive eruption in August, 1883, of the volcano of Krakatoa in the East Indies. No electronic sound meters, of course, were in existence then, but physicists estimate that the sound at its source must have had an intensity of 190 decibels, 6  ----.

• A. and finally measure them.

B. since it was heard 3,000 miles away.

C. and they have been able to put many of these discoveries to practical use.

D. since a loud sound is of high intensity.

E. as they study mechanical forces.

F. as a painful sensation in the ear.

G. that the unaided human ear can detect

Ответы: ECAGFB

• . You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Jane who writes:

• Nenets Culture affected by Global Warming

 For 1,000 years the indigenous Nenets people have migrated along the 450-mile-long Yamal peninsula in northern Russia. In summer they wander northwards, taking their reindeer with them. In winter they return southwards.

But this remote region of north-west Siberia is now being affected by global warming. Traditionally the Nenets travel across the frozen River Ob in November A  ---- around Nadym. These days, though, this annual winter migration is delayed. Last year the Nenets, together with many thousands of reindeer, had to wait until late December --- B .

“Our reindeer were hungry. There wasn’t enough food,” Jakov Japtik, a Nenets reindeer herder, said. “The snow is melting sooner, quicker and faster than before. In spring it’s difficult for the reindeer to pull the sledges. They get tired,” Japtik said.

Herders say that the peninsula’s weather is increasingly unpredictable – with unseasonal snowstorms C ---- , and milder longer autumns. In winter, temperatures used to go down to -50°C. Now they are normally around -30°C, according to Japtik. “Obviously we prefer -30°C. But the changes aren’t good for the reindeer D  ----,” he said, setting off on his sledge to round up his reindeer herd.

Here, in one of the most remote parts of the planet, there are clear signs E ---- . Last year the Nenets arrived at a regular summer camping spot and discovered that half of their lake had disappeared. The water had drained away after a landslide. The Nenets report other curious changes – there are fewer mosquitoes and a strange increase in flies. Scientists say there is unmistakable evidence F ---- .

1) when the reindeer give birth in May

2) that Yamal’s ancient permafrost is melting

3) that the impact on Russia would be disastrous

4) when the ice was finally thick enough to cross

5) the environment is under pressure

6) and set up their camps in the southern forests

7) and in the end what is good for the reindeer is good for us

Ответы: 641752

• You have 20 minutes to do this task.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Jane who writes:

… Yesterday my Mum asked me to help her about the house. We were very busy with cleaning up after the birthday party the whole morning. I got quite tired and even missed my fitness class. What are your family duties, if any? Is there anything you especially like or dislike about house work? Do you find helping your parents necessary, why or why not?

Oh, I have some great news! I got a lovely kitten for my birthday...

Write a letter to Jane

• Changing image

For more than 200 years Madame Tussaud’s has been attracting tourists from all over the world and it remains just as popular as it ever was. There are many reasons for this enduring success, but at the heart of it all is good, old-fashioned curiosity.

Madame Tussaud’s original concept has entered a brand new era of interactive entertainment A ---- . Today’s visitors are sent on a breathtaking journey in black cabs through hundreds of years of the past. They have a unique chance to see the great legends of history, B ----  of politics.

Much of the figure construction technique follows the traditional pattern, beginning whenever possible with the subject C  ---- and personal characteristics. The surprising likeliness of the wax portraits also owes much to many stars  ----D , either by providing their stage clothes, or simply giving useful advice.

The museum continues constantly to add figures E -----  popularity. The attraction also continues to expand globally with established international branches in New York, Hong Kong, Amsterdam and many other cities. And they all have the same rich mix of interaction, authenticity and local appeal.

The museum provides a stimulating and educational environment for schoolchildren. Its specialists are working together with practicing teachers and educational advisors to create different programmes of activities, F ------- .

1) that reflect contemporary public opinion and celebrity

2) as well as resources on art, technology and drama

3) ranging from special effects to fully animated figures

4) as well as the idols of popular music and the icons

5) who are eager to help in any possible way they can

6) ranging from all kinds of souvenirs to sports equipment

7) who is sitting to determine exact measurements

Ответы: 346512

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• . You have 20 minutes to do this task.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Jane who writes:

 … I have just returned from our school volleyball competition. I played for my class team and we won! What sport competitions are held in your school, if any? How can you become a member of your school sport team? Is it an easy thing to do? What kind of sport sections can you attend at school or in town?

Oh, I have some more good news! My sister had a great birthday party yesterday

• Laughing and evolution

 The first hoots of laughter from an ancient ancestor of humans could be heard at least 10 million years ago, according to the results of a new study.

Researchers used recordings of apes and babies being tickled A  --- to the last common ancestor that humans shared with the modern great apes, which include chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans.

The finding challenges the opinion B --- , suggesting instead that it emerged long before humans split from the evolutionary path that led to our primate cousins, between 10m and 16m years ago.

“In humans, laughing can be the strongest way of expressing how much we are enjoying ourselves, but it can also be used in other contexts, like making fun of someone,” said Marina Davila Ross, a psychologist at Portsmouth University. “I was interested in C ---- .”

Davila Ross travelled to seven zoos around Europe and visited a wildlife reserve in Sabah, Borneo, to record baby and juvenile apes D ---- . Great apes are known to make noises that are similar to laughter when they are excited and while they are playing with each other.

Davila Ross collected recordings of laughter from 21 chimps, gorillas, orangutans and bonobos and added recordings of three babies that were tickled to make them laugh.

To analyze the recordings, the team put them into a computer program. “Our evolutionary tree based on these acoustic recordings alone showed E --- , but furthest from orangutans, with gorillas somewhere in the middle.” said Davila Ross. “What this shows is strong evidence to suggest F ----- .”

1. that laughter is a uniquely human trait
2. to create the evolutionary tree linking humans and apes

• 3) while their caretakers tickled them

4) that laughing comes from a common primate ancestor

5) to trace the origin of laughter back

6) whether laughing emerged earlier on than humans did

7) that humans were closest to chimps and bonobos

Ответы:  516374

• You have 20 minutes to do this task.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Tom who writes:

Last summer my parents and I went hiking to the mountains. We spent the whole week together and enjoyed it very much. How often do you take active holidays? Who do you think is the best company for you? What extreme sports would you like to try, if any, and why?

Last month our English class got an interesting project. We wrote a paper about interesting events in the past of our country

• Fire crews hunt escaped hamster

Eight firefighters have been called in to help find an escaped hamster. Two crews used a chocolate-covered camera and a vacuum cleaner 1 --- , called Fudgie, at the home of a six-year-old girl in Dunbar, Scotland.

The girl’s mother said: "We came down for breakfast and discovered Fudgie had opened the top lid of her cage and had made her way into the kitchen and we think she has gone 2  ---."
The fire crews spent five hours trying to recover the pet after it ran down a hole in the kitchen floor. But, the hamster still refused 3 -- .

In the search for Fudgie, the firefighters took the family cooker and gas pipes apart. They also dropped a mini-camera coated with chocolate under the floorboards.
They then hoped to take out the hamster using a vacuum cleaner. Despite all their efforts, they failed to find Fudgie.

In the end, the firefighters put another camera down the hole 4 ----- , connected to the screen of the family home computer, to see if Fudgie appeared. Besides, the girl and her parents regularly dropped food 5 ---- .

At last, after eight days the hamster returned to her cage safe and sound. She crawled from the hole in the kitchen floor early in the morning. It was the girl’s father who first found Fudgie 6 ---- .
The girl said that day it was like Christmas morning for her. Her parents added that they too felt extremely happy when Fudgie had finally returned.

A. through a small hole in the floor

B. through the hole for the hamster

C. and locked the runaway hamster

• D. to come out of the hole

E. to look after the pet

F. to try and locate the missing hamster

G. and left it under the floorboards

Ответы: FADGBC

• You have 20 minutes to do this task.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Tom who writes:

Last summer my parents and I went hiking to the mountains. We spent the whole week together and enjoyed it very much. How often do you take active holidays? Who do you think is the best company for you? What extreme sports would you like to try, if any, and why?

Last month our English class got an interesting project. We wrote a paper about interesting events in the past of our country