Экология сегодня и проблемы экологии Саратова
презентация к уроку по английскому языку (8 класс) на тему

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Ecology Today and Saratov Ecological Problems

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CONTESTS Ecological problems Air pollution Water pollution Soil pollution Saratov ecological problems

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INTRODUCTION Since ancient times Nature has served Man, being the source of his life. For thousands of years people lived in harmony with environment and it seemed to them that natural riches were unlimited. But with the development of civilization man's interference in nature began to increase. Large cities with thousands of smoky industrial enterprises appear all over the world today. The by-products of their activity pollute the air we breathe, the water we drink, the land we grow grain and vegetables on. So the theme of the work is ecological problems. Object of research – Saratov city. The aim of the work is to identify the main reasons of pollution and their sources to attract attention our people how to solve ecological problems.

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Ecological problems People always polluted their surroundings. But until now pollution was not such a serious problem. Today our planet is in serious danger. Acid rains, global warming, air and water pollution, and overpopulation are the problems that threaten human lives on the Earth. Every year world industry pollutes the atmosphere with about 1000 million tons of dust and other harmful substances. Many cities suffer from smog. Vast forests are cut and burn in fire. As a result some rare species of animals, birds, fish and plants disappear forever, a number of rivers and lakes dry up. The pollution of air and the world's ocean, destruction of the ozone layer is the result of man's careless interaction with nature, a sign of the ecological crises.

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Air pollution Billions of tons of coal and oil are consumed around the world every year. When these fuels are burnt, they produce smoke and other by-products, which are emitted into the atmosphere. The pollution from power plants and automobiles As a result we have smog, mixture of fog and smoke.. . But polluted air can cause illness, and even death..Factories emit tons of harmful chemicals. These emissions have disastrous consequences for our planet. They are the main reason for the greenhouse effect and acid rains.

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WATER POLLUTION The seas are in danger. They are filled with poison: industrial and nuclear wastes, chemical fertilizers and pesticides. If nothing is done about it, one day nothing will be able to live in our seas. Polluted water kills fish and other marine life.

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SOIL POLLUTION Sewage dump and emitted tons of harmful chemicals destroyed soil On polluted soil, food can not be grown In addition environmental pollution spoils the natural beauty of our planet. A great damage has been done to the agriculture, forests and people's health as the consequences of the explosion at the atomic power-station after the Chernobyl tragedy in April 1986. that was a tragic for the Ukrainian, Byelorussian and other nations About 18 percent of the territory of Belarus was also polluted with radioactive substances.

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SARATOV ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS

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The main environmental problem of our area, as well as for other industrially developed regions of Russia is pollution of atmospheric air. Factories and oil refinery produce tons of harmful smoke and other by-products, which are emitted into the atmosphere.

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For the last time the constant increase in weight of emissions that is connected, first of all, with motor transport increase is observed . It pollutes atmospheric air of Saratov too.

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. Air of Saratov was one of the dirtiest in the Volga region. The index of pollution of atmosphere across Saratov makes 22–27 units and was one of the highest in the Volga region in 2005. But now Saratov was deleted from the black list. The index of atmosphere pollution decreased up to 20% in 2010 according the Committee of ecological safety and wildlife management .

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The water fund of area totals about 3,5 thousand water basins, the rivers and ponds . Sewage dump is connected with use of water by industrial and economic needs. The industry and housing and communal services (189,06 million cubic) remain the core waters pollution-makers .

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Last year in the Saratov region it was formed 3,49 million т. of waste The constant increase in volumes has begun since 2002 and is connected with manufacture growth of the largest enterprises of the region .

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The quantity of dumped sewage in the Volgograd water basin fluctuates within 150-160 million, and volume of waste production placed on city ranges – 1,6-1,7 million cubic meters a year.

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Recently in the territory of our area the certain attention is given to creation of technological basis on gathering, processing, recycling and secondary use of industrial and household waste. These jobs are carried out both at the specialized enterprises, and on the basis of capacities of the industrial enterprises.

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. While we won't learn sanitary culture, about health can't be any saying.

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Probably, if mow tall weeds near to the house, there is nobody whose hand will rise to throw out any garbage here. And it, as it is known, favorable inhabitancy for mice and rats, any carriers of infections.

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The Kirovsky area. Dump. Familiar picture. The garbage is fallen down near to half empty tanks made for it. For this situation it is extremely difficult to blame someone except ourselves in bad city condition . Besides, absence of control from municipal authorities is felt also.

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Ps it is known, favorable inhabitancy for mice and rats, any carriers of infections. Volume of waste production placed on city ranges – 1,6-1,7 million cubic meters a year.

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Area Zaton – the central zone of rest of our city. Unfortunately, here the municipality hasn't found time to put any garbage container, people get rid of waste in the most simple way. And inhabitants of private sector do the same.

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Начни с себя More than five hundred trees have illegally cut down in Saratov. Among them three hundred acacias, hundred maples. Trees have been cut down in two forest lines of the village Sosenki . Besides, 117 oaks were destroyed which aren't present practically in Saratov now. All illegally destroyed trees were adult and healthy. The damage put to the city, has made about 12 million rubles .

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Measures are taken on protection forest park « Kumysnaja polyana »