Дополнительные упражнения к модулю 4 учебника Spotlight 10
учебно-методический материал по английскому языку (10 класс) на тему

Vocabulary

VII. Translate into English:

1) плита, которая работает за счет электричества

2) убежать из дома

3) быть вредным для окружающей среды

4) случайно встретиться с давним знакомым

5) находиться под угрозой исчезновения

6) являться сторонником «зеленого» движения

1. Fill in the correct word from the list below (there are some extra words):

 Habitat, encourage, prevent, extinct, conservation, release, adoption, rubbish, threatening, reduce, cut down on, deforestation

1. The problem of ______________ is caused by cutting down and burning trees.
2. Our society is producing too much packaging and food waste which ends up on the ______________ tip.
3. When the last animal of a certain species dies, that species becomes _____________.
4. Many animals find it more and more difficult to survive as their natural ______________ is destroyed.
5. Factories and cars _______________ poisonous chemicals into the air.
6. _______________ groups try to protect animals and the places where they live.
7. Pollution is _______________the lives of many animals.
8. Several environmental groups are working to _______________ the world’s rainforests from being destroyed.

B. Fill in: consumption, change, issues, station, habitats, warming, species, heap

9. environmental …
10. compost …
11. global …
12. climate …
13. endangered …
14. natural …
15. power  …
16. energy …

I.Match the words to form phrases.

1. energy                 a. peelings
2. power                  b. packaging
3. global                  c. consumption
4. excessive             d. station
5. vegetable             e. warming

I.Match the words to form phrases.

1. compost                a. effects
2. conservation         b. habitats
3. negative                c. programme
4. modern                 d. heap
5. wildlife                 e. transportation

6. A) Match the words to form the phrases:

6. energy                a  peelings
7. power                 b  transportation
8. global                c  station
9. excessive           d  habitats
10. vegetable           e  heap
11. compost             f   consumption
12. conservation      g  effects
13. negative             h warming
14. modern               i packaging
15. wildlife              j  programme

B) Use the phrases in Ex.1a to complete the sentences below.

1) The invention of _____ has created a lot of traffic congestions.

2) Temperatures are rising all over the planet because of _____ .

3) My local zoos runs a _____ for most of their endangered species.

4) Whenever I cook I always put the _____ into a separate bin just for organic waste.

5) Tell me about the _____ poisonous gases have on the environment.

6) There is more than one nuclear _____ near where I live.

7) We should all try to protect the _____ in the areas we live.

8) Do you know you can put the eggshells on the ______?

9) What is the _____ level of this oven?

10) There is always _____ when you buy electronic items.

7. Fill in: come up with, throw away, switch off, turn down, put on, cut down on.

• Make sure you _____ all the lights before you leave.
• You should _____ a jumper rather than turn the heating on.
• Don’t _____ those glass bottles. They can be recycled.
• We must try to _____ the amount of electricity we use.
• I like to _____ the heating at night. It helps me to sleep better.
• We must _____ a way to use less paper.

Task 2. Use the words from the word bank to fill in the blanks in the text.

Environmental (1) _________ is of a universal concern. That is why serious measures to create a system of (2) _________ security should be taken. Some progress has been already made in this direction. As many as 159 countries - members of the UNO - have set up (3) ___________ protection agencies. Numerous (4) __________ have been held by these agencies to discuss problems (5) __________ ecologically poor regions including the Aral (6) _________, the South Urals, Kuzbass, Donbass, Semipalatinsk and Chernobyl. An international environmental research centre has been set up on Lake Baikal. The (7) __________ organization Greenpeace is also doing much to (8) ___________ the environment. But these are only the initial (9) ______ and they must be carried onward to protect (10) ________, to save life on the planet not only for the sake of the present but (11) _________ for the (12) ________ generations.  

II. Use the words to complete the gaps.

replacing, congestion, campaign, encourage, energy, ban, switching, emissions

For many years the traffic in our town has been getting busier and busier. It has become a huge environmental problem because of all carbon (1)…….  produced by the vehicles. One group of environmentalists have started a (2) ……… to do something about it. They want to (3) ……… certain vehicles from the roads during times of high (4) ……… and (5) ……… people to use public transport. They want people to understand that by (6) ………. from a form of transport that uses a lot of (7) …….. and (8) ………. it with one that uses less, they will be doing their part to help save the planet.

III. Fill in: release, reduce, adopt, reusable, endangered species, turn down, wildlife, throw away, amount, congest.

1) Try to reuse things as much as possible so as to … waste.

2) Unfortunately, there are still many factories which … toxic gases into the air.

3) Instead of wrapping food in silver paper it’s better to use a … box.

4) When you … an animal you help the zoo care for it.

5) My local zoo runs a conservation programme for most of their … .

6) Washing machines use a large … of water.

7) Public transport and cars create a lot of traffic on the roads and … city centres.

8) Don’t … those glass bottles, they can be recycled.

9) I like to … the heating at night. It helps me to sleep better.

            10) We should all try to protect the … habitats in the area where we live.

1. Choose the correct answer A, B or C.

1. I ran … Alex on my way to work.

A) onto                   B) into                  C) to

2. Mark … money to environmental organizations.

A) congests          B) donates         C) increases

3.Cars run … gas.                          

 A) with               B) on                C) in

4. Try to reuse things as much as possible so as to … waste.

A) save                 B) eliminate               C)protect

5. Washing machines use a large … of water            

A) amount           B) crop             C) emission

6. We are supporters … WWF.

A) about                B) at                   C) of

7. When you go shopping, make sure you … to the shopping list

A) stay                B) save                        C) keep

8. You have to cut … the amount of paper you use.

A) down on           B) out on          C) up to

9. Switch of the lights to … energy.

A) protect           B) release          C) save

10. Don’t throw this  jar away; I can use it to … different things.

A) protect                  B) eliminate        C) store

 11. Hang the cage higher to protect  the canary … the cat.

A) from               B) out of            C) under

12. What can I do to … the environment?

A) protect             B) release           C) save

13. There are still many factories that …toxic   gases into the air.

A) eliminate            B) release          C) store

14. It’s really easy  to make a compost … in  your garden.

A) home                  B) heap                 C) hill

15. We’ve run … sugar.

A) of                      B) from                   C) out of

2. Fill in the correct word from the list below (there are some extra words):

 Habitat, encourage, prevent, extinct, conservation, release, adoption, rubbish, threatening, reduce

 cut down on, deforestation

17. The problem of ______________ is caused by cutting down and burning trees. (disappearing of forests)
18. Our society is producing too much packaging and food waste which ends up on the ______________ tip. (litter)
19. When the last animal of a certain species dies, that species becomes _______________. (no longer in existence)
20. Many animals find it more and more difficult to survive as their natural ______________ is destroyed. (home)
21. Factories and cars _______________ poisonous chemicals into the air. (emit)
22. _______________ groups try to protect animals and the places where they live. (environmental protection)
23. Pollution is _______________the lives of many animals. (endangering)
24. Several environmental groups are working to _______________ the world’s rainforests from being destroyed. (stop)

Word formation

VI. Make these adjectives negative using prefixes UN-; IL-; IM-; IR-; DIS-; MIS-; IN-. 

1. It is ____________ for you to finish the project on time. POSSIBLE

2. I believe your friend Mark is being ___________. HONEST

3. My brother Joseph can be __________ at times. RESPONSIBLE

4. Mr. Hall was an ___________ biologist and nobody really learnt much from his classes. SUCCESSFUL

5. You shouldn’t attend the wedding wearing ________ clothes. FORMAL

6. The dreadful earthquake has caused an ___________ situation to the local residents. PLEASANT

7. It would be __________ of me to pretend enjoying going out with David. POLITE

8. There is no doubt that cannabis will remain an _____________ drug for the foreseeable future. LEGAL

9. Mum punished me for leaving the front door ____________. LOCKED

10. I’m afraid you __________ what I was referring to. UNDERSTAND

Form the correct negative forms from the words bellow.

25. 9.Polite, 10. perfect, 11.clear, 12. care,13.active, 14.lucky, 15. understand, 16.help

Grammar

3.  Choose the correct modal verb.

26. I found a briefcase on the train. – You ought to/can take it to the police station as soon as possible.
27.  Did you get some money from the bank? – No, I didn’t need to/needn’t. I had enough in my wallet.
28.  Sorry, I’m late. – You might/should wear a watch.
29.  I wonder if Paul and Jim have got lost. – They can’t/mustn’t have got lost because I gave them a map.
30.  Could/Would I use your mobile phone, please? – Yes, of course.
31.  We mustn’t/needn’t go shopping this week, we’ve got plenty of food.
32.  When shall I visit you next? – You can/might call in tomorrow if you like.  

4. Paraphrase the following sentences using modal verbs.

16. It isn’t necessary for him to take the exam again.

17. I’m sure Terry isn’t at the office.

18. It is possible that Jane will call me this evening.

19. You aren’t allowed to eat and drink in the classroom.

20. We are obliged to clock in and out every day.

21. Would you like me to do anything to help?

22. Sam managed to reach the top of the mountain after climbing for several hours.

23. How about throwing a party on your birthday.

Choose the correct word.

17. Can/Should I ask you a question?

18. Will/Shall we go out for lunch today?

19. You must/shouldn’t stay at home if you are ill.

20. Tommy can’t/couldn’t tell the time when he was a baby.

21. My book can’t/mustn’t be in the house. I’ve looked everything.

22. You haven’t/needn’t clean the windows. I’ve already done them.

23. Sam left late for the airport this morning. He should/could have missed his flight.

Complete the sentences using:  must, mustn’t, (don’t) have to, can’t, ought to, should(n’t).

16.  This is an old-fashioned school. All students … wear a uniform.
17.  You … throw away all this paper. It can be recycled.
18.  You look very pale. You … take some aspirin and go to bed.
19.  Look at this phone bill! I really … try to make fewer phone calls.
20.  You … walk the dog again. John walked him an hour ago.
21. I’m afraid you … park here.
22. I can’t meet my friends in the evening because I … do my homework.
23. You … take all this waste paper to the recycling bin.

Task 4.  Fill in the blanks with MUST / MUSTN’T / CAN / CAN’T / COULDN’T / HAD TO / DON’T HAVE TO/ SHOULD / SHOULDN’T

1. I _________ clean my teeth. I want to be healthy.
2. We ________ go to the seaside at last. Our holidays start next week.
3. You ________ smoke so much. It's bad for your health.
4. He ________ enter this room. It is dangerous.
5. She looks pretty sick. I think she ________ go to a doctor.
6. I ________ believe that you failed your test!
7. You __________ remember what I said to you. It’s very important.
8. I have just ordered some pizza. You _________ cook anything tonight.
9. I’m sorry I ________ come yesterday. I _________ visit a very important client.

 Write   down the proper  word.

1. You look very pale. You should/can take some aspirin and go to bed.

2. You don’t have to/shouldn’t walk the dog again. John walked him an hour ago.

3. You can’t/don’t have to enter this room; it’s for staff only.

4. You ought to/have to reuse plastic and paper bags; don’t throw them away.

5. This is an old-fashioned school. All students can/must wear a uniform.

6.  I can’t meet my friends in the evening because I have to/can do my homework.

7. You can/should take all this waste paper to the recycling bin.

8. Would you like   some dessert/desert?

9. You can’t/mustn’t be loud during the lesson.

10. I’m afraid  you can’t/mustn’t park here.

11. Polar bears are under/in threat because of climate change.

12. You can’t/had better not buy this tinned food; it’s genetically

13. We mustn’t/don’t have to go swimming at this beach; sea turtles lay their eggs here.

14. When you travel, you must/should try to stay at environmentally friendly hotels.

15. I don’t think animals should be kept at/in captivity.

16. These trousers are very loose/lose on you. Get a smaller size.

17. He wastes so much energy; he ought to/has to at least switch off the lights when he leaves the room.

18. Polar bears are under/in threat because of climate change.

19. Climate change affects/effects the whole world.13. A lot of animal species are under/in danger of extinction.

20. I must/can’t do something   to help the environment but I don’t know what.

IV. Choose the correct modal verb.

1) I found a briefcase on the train. – You ought to/can take it to the police station as soon as possible.

2) Sorry, I’m late. – You might/should wear a watch.

3) I wonder if Paul and Jim have got lost. – They can’t/mustn’t have got lost because I gave them a map.

4) Could/Would I use your mobile phone, please? – Yes, of course.

5) We mustn’t/needn’t go shopping this week, we’ve got plenty of food.

6) When shall I visit you next? – You can/might call in tomorrow if you like.  

7) Should/May I borrow your book, please?

8) You mustn’t/shouldn’t park your car on double yellow lines.

9) You shouldn’t/mustn’t be so rude with Mary, she is very sensitive.

10) You should/must obey the laws, or you will get in jail.

11) May/must I call you next week, please?

12) It might/should rain tomorrow. You should take an umbrella with you.

13) You must be/should be exhausted after all your hard work.

IV. Choose the correct modal verb.

1) Sorry, I’m late. – You might/should wear a watch.

2) I found a briefcase on the train. – You ought to/can take it to the police station as soon as possible.

3) We mustn’t/needn’t go shopping this week, we’ve got plenty of food.

4) Could/Would I use your mobile phone, please? – Yes, of course.

5) I wonder if Paul and Jim have got lost. – They can’t/mustn’t have got lost because I gave them a map.

6) When shall I visit you next? – You can/might call in tomorrow if you like.  

7) Should/May I borrow your pen, please?

8) I have to/could go to the grocery store. My fridge is empty.

9) You must/ought to be very hungry. Would you like an apple?

10) Could/Should you pass me some sugar?  I like sweet tea.

11) You must be/can’t be very proud of your son he is a champion.

12) She mustn’t/shouldn’t stay in bed all day unless she is ill.

13) Susan has broken her leg. She can’t/have to walk now.

8. Choose the correct word.

24. Could/Should you turn on the light? It’s getting dark in here.
25. You must/may be joking. No one could eat so many cakes.
26. I think you might/ought to see a dentist.
27. It’s Sunday tomorrow. You mustn’t/needn’t wake up early.
28. Should/May I borrow the car tonight, please?
29.  That mustn’t/can’t be his mother. She looks so young.
30. I might/can come later but I’m not sure.
31. You must/ought to be very tired. Do you want to sleep for a while?
32. I have to/could go to the bank. I’m out of money.
33. You must/ought to respect the elderly.

9. Fill in: must, mustn’t, can, can’t, needn’t, have to.

2.  A: Would you like to come out with us tonight?

B: Oh, I can’t. I ____ study for my exams.

3. A: You ____ feed the animals in the zoo.

B: I’m really sorry.

4. A: Guess what! I’ve just won a holiday to Bali.

B: No way! You ____ be joking.

5. A: I’m not feeling well.

B: You _____ see a doctor.

6. A: Look! It’s Frank.

B: It _____ be. He said he was staying in tonight.

7. A: This article says people are wasting far too much electricity.

B: That’s why we _____ all try to save energy in the home.

8. A: You ____ go now if you want to.

B: Thanks. See you tomorrow.

9. A: How about a game of chess?

B: Sorry, but I _____ finish my homework first.

10. A: Would you like me to pick you up later?

B: No, you _____ bother. I’ll get the bus.

11. A: Excuse me, sir. You _____ use your mobile phone in here.

B: Oh, I’m sorry.

5. Tick the correct item as in the example:

6. Complete the sentences using the words in bold. Use from two to five words.

10. Perhaps they will come round tonight.

may  They ………………………………………………………….tonight.

11. Why didn’t you tell me you were coming?

have  You ………………………………………you were coming.

12. You are forbidden to take out library books without permission.

        not  You …………………………………………… books without permission.

13. I’ m sure he didn’t know that I was leaving.

have  He …………………………………………that I was leaving.

14. Residents are obliged to recycle cans, bottles and newspapers.

to   Residents ……………………………..……….. cans, bottles and newspapers.

15. It’s not necessary for us to book a table in advance.

        need  We …………………………………………..… a table in advance.

16. It’s a good idea to thank your grandmother for her lovely gift.

        ought  You …………………………………………… grandmother for her lovely gift.

Exam focus

7. Complete the sentences using the words in bold. Use from two to five words.

34. Perhaps they will come round tonight.

may  They …………………………………………….tonight.

35. Why didn’t you tell me you were coming?

have  You ………………………………………you were coming.

36. You are forbidden to take out library books without permission.

        not  You ……………………………… books without permission.

37. I’ m sure he didn’t know that I was leaving.

have  He …………………………………………that I was leaving.

38. Residents are obliged to recycle cans, bottles and newspapers.

to   Residents ……………………….. cans, bottles and newspapers.

39. It’s not necessary for us to book a table in advance.

        need  We …………………………………..… a table in advance.

40. It’s a good idea to thank your grandmother for her lovely gift.

        ought  You ………………………… grandmother for her lovely gift.

Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use the word in bold.

24. 32. I advise you to take a course in literature.
25. Should         You … in literature.
26. 33. It is possible that the police are questioning him.
27. May                 The police … him.
28. 34. You mustn’t throw litter in the park.
29. Allowed          You … litter in the park.
30. 35. Something must be done to protect seals.
31.         Need                 We … protect seals.

VIII. Прочитайте тексты и установите соответствие между текстами А–E и заголовками 1–6. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.

Prepositions/phrasal verbs

8.  Choose the correct answer A, B or C.

41. Yesterday we ran … Tim on our way to the cinema.

A onto         B to                 C into

42. My friend is an avid supporter … Greenpeace.

A of                 B about         C at

43. This car runs … unleaded petrol.

A with         B in                 C on

44. . He has almost run … this old lady!

A into         B over         C on

45. I feel strongly … recycling.

A on                 B about         C in

Task 1. Choose the correct preposition (ON, OUT, INTO, AWAY FROM, OVER) to complete each of the following sentences:

1. Rodney nearly ran ________ an old lady while he was driving his car.
2. Because of global warming, it's very important that we try to stop using cars and other vehicles that run ________ petrol or gasoline.
3. We've run ________ of sugar. Could you, please, buy some more?
4. We ran ________ your brother at the mall last night.
5. We can't run _______ the facts.

V. Choose the correct preposition (ON, OUT OF, INTO, AWAY FROM, OVER) to complete each of the following sentences:

1.        He almost ran ________ the neighbours’ cat!

2.        A lot of cars in Russia run _______ natural gas.

3.        We've run ________ petrol. We need to find a petrol station.

4.        Guess what? I ran _____ Susie at the library today.

5.        We can't run _______ the facts.

Fill in the correct prepositions: away from, on, out of, into, over.

1)  I ran _____ Mike yesterday on my way to work.

2) We’ve run _____ sugar.

3) Cars run _____ gas.

4) He was so unhappy that he tried to run _____ from school.

5) Slow down the car, you might run someone _____.

6) If you run _____ money, call us and we will help you.

7) We can’t run _____ the facts.

Ex.1

Match the words to form phrases:

1. energy                a  peelings
2. power                 b  transportation
3. global                c  station
4. excessive           d  habitats
5. vegetable           e  heap
6. compost             f   consumption
7. conservation      g  effects
8. negative             h warming
9. modern               i packaging
10. wildlife              j  programme

Ex.2

Translate the phrases:

1. лишняя упаковка
2. компостная яма\куча
3. потребление воды
4. бумажные отходы
5. очистки от овощей

1. электростанция
2. глобальное потепление
3. бумага для письма
4. старые консервные банки
5. обувная коробка

Ex.3

Fill in: throw away, switch off, turn down, put on, cut down on.

• Make sure you _____ all the lights before you leave.
• You should _____ a jumper rather than turn the heating on.
• Don’t _____ those glass bottles. They can be recycled.
• We must try to _____ the amount of electricity we use.
• I like to _____ the heating at night. It helps me to sleep better.