Вариант ЕГЭ по английскому языку
материал для подготовки к егэ (гиа) по английскому языку (11 класс)

1. Unique Species Lost

2. The Great Change Is Coming

3. The Cultural Mix

4. Creation of Fierce Nature

5. The Role in Commercial Exchanges

6. Unbelievable story

7. The Perfect Place for One’s Vacation

8. Many Names for One Place

A. Over ten million years ago, the waters of the Indian Ocean boiled. Massive

volcanoes erupted miles underneath the surface. Huge amounts of lava were

forced up. This violence and force gave birth to a series of islands, today called

the Mascarene Islands, located over 500 miles to the East of Madagascar, off the

coast of Africa. These include the islands of Reunion, Rodrigues and the most

famous of all — Mauritius.

B. Mauritius is just 42 miles long and 29 miles wide, and has only been inhabited

since the 17th Century, but already has a rich and varied history and is famous

for many things. Early Arabic maps called the island Dina Mashriq (Eastern

Island), the Portuguese called it the Island of the Swan when they first

discovered it in the early 1500’s. The Dutch, who were the first to try to live

there, renamed it Mauritius after Prince Maurice of Nassau, and under French

rule from 1715, Ile de France was the name. With British rule in 1810 the name

changed back to Mauritius, and has remained so, even after independence in

1968.

C. Historically, Mauritius was an important location on trade routes, and was one

of the first countries in the world to produce postage stamps. The Blue Penny

stamp from 1847 is one of the rarest in the world. However, it was (and is) sugar,

introduced to the island in the 1600’s, that made the island. Mauritius has a

perfect climate for growing sugar cane, it now covers much of the island, and

Mauritian sugar is exported throughout the world.

D. Today Mauritius is also a famous holiday location for tourists wishing to

relax on a beautiful paradise island. The coral reef surrounding much of it makes

it ideal for water sports, diving and fishing. Its tropical climate means there are

many exotic plants and flowers to see, such as the orchid or palm tree. Its

volcanic origins have also created a fascinating landscape, with volcanic peaks,

craters, coloured earths and waterfalls.

E. Because the island was isolated, many plants and animals developed there

unlike anywhere else in the world, the Dodo being the most famous of these.

This large, flightless bird was described by the first Dutch settlers, but by the

time they left the island in 1710, all Dodos were gone. There are many theories

for this, as the Dodos themselves were not good to eat, but most people now

think that the animals the sailors brought with them (goats, pigs, rats) were the

cause of this extinction — as they ate the bird’s eggs on the forest floor.

F. Mauritius has been called a rainbow nation because of its huge number of

different ethnic groups. Different nationalities coming to the island over the

centuries have brought their own culture, language, traditions, and added it to the

Mauritian mixture — from India, China, France, England, and other African

countries. There are over 80 different religious denominations and more than 20

languages spoken. Unsurprisingly, there are 11 official public holidays; from the

Chinese New Year to the Hindu, Maha Shivaratree festival, part of which

involves walking to a lake in the crater of an extinct volcano.

G. In the 1970’s and 80’s the Government encouraged the growth of the clothing

industry in the country and the economy grew as a result. Now there is a far

greater project underway; an effort to turn Mauritius from a sugar-island to a

cyber-island. A state-of-the-art ‘cyber-city’ is being built to provide IT,

computing and communication technologies for local and international

companies. Cyber city is focused around a 12-storey high-tech tower with

excellent computing resources and internet connections. When completed, it will

also contain more high-tech offices, a large supermarket and a housing development.

New Spider Species

A new spider species in India has been given a name A______ Harry Potter fans.

The spider, Eriovixia gryffindori, just 7 millimeters (0.28 inches) long, was

named as such because its shape reminded its discoverers of the magical "sorting

hat" in the Harry Potter books. (B______, the hat comes to life and determines

C______  at the school for young wizards. It was originally owned by the wizard

Godric Gryffindor.)

Mumbai researchers discovered the spider in the Kan forest of the Western

Ghats, a mountainous region in southwest India. According to the scientists, the

hat shape helps the spider blend in D______  protect itself from predators.

In a paper published in the Indian Journal of Arachnology, Mumbai researchers

E______  wrote that its name was "an ode from the authors, for magic lost, and

found, in an effort to draw attention to the fascinating, but often overlooked

world of invertebrates, and their secret lives."

"As a youngster, I was very fond of reading Harry Potter books. So, F______, I

thought of the magical hat," lead author of the study, Javed Ahmed, told the

Times of India

1. who discovered the new arachnid

2. when I encountered this tiny spider

3. with dried leaves during daylight hours in order to

4. that are every bit as capable as hunters

5. that's sure to be a winner with

6. which house the student should belong to

7. when placed upon a new Hogwarts student's head.

The Famous Holiday On Ice

Holiday on Ice originated in the United States in 1943, and was the brainchild of

Emery Gilbert of Toledo, Ohio, an engineer and builder who created a portable

ice rink. He took his idea of a traveling show to Morris Chalfen, a Minneapolis

executive, who supplied the financing, and George Tyson, who used his

theatrical background to create the show. Since then over 300 million people

have seen the show and it has become the most popular live entertainment in the

world.

The shows focus more on music rather than glamour, which has changed from

broadway scores to pop and rock. Novelty acts such as acrobats have been added

regularly to the main production numbers in recent years, and the backstage

atmosphere is an odd mix of gym class and workplace. A curtained-off section at

the back of the arena, called the girls' dressing room, is where the girls have a

small area for their make-up. It would be more accurately described as a

corridor, with beige, cracked walls and cheap temporary tables set up along the

length of it.

By no stretch of the imagination could anyone call it an interesting place to

work, especially if they saw the rows of dirty blue and brown plastic seating and

the grey and mucky area round the ice-rink. But this is a complete contrast to the

show itself. The lights come from Texas, the audio system from California,

Montreal supplies the smoke effects and former British Olympic skater Robin

Cousins, MBE, is now creative director for the company.

He has a simple theory to describe what he wants to do. He wants to give the

people what they want to see, but in a way that they did not expect, leaving them

stunned and amazed. The music is used to stimulate the audience, but more

importantly to inspire the skaters, who have to repeat the show every night. His

aim is to make sure everyone gets to exactly the right place on the ice at the right

time, because the banks of lights in the ceiling are set to those places, and if the

skaters are all half a metre out, they'll be illuminating empty ice. Finally, he

needs to produce something that can be sold in a number of countries at the same

time.

Professional ice skating is not very well paid and Cousins had to skate for the

show himself when he stopped competing because he was financially unable to

retire. He learnt the hard way that it was impossible to give championship

winning performances every night, and had to compromise by giving about 75 %

regularly. So, even though he does what he does to pay the rent, his enthusiasm

is unmistakable. He also makes the point that many of the moves in the show can

never be seen in competition because the rules don't allow them.

So, if you ever get the chance to see Holiday on Ice, don't miss it, because it's

impossible not to be swept up in the whole thing and you'll have to try pretty

hard not to enjoy it.

Who is the author of the idea of the Holiday on Ice?

1)  Morris Chalfen

2)  George Tyson

3)  Emery Gilbert

4)  All three of them

Ответ:

What is the most important element of the Show?

1)  make-up

2)  dancing

3)  music

4)   backstage atmosphere

Ответ:

What is TRUE about the Show according to paragraph 3?

1)  The employers find their work very interesting.

2)  The creative director of the Show is not American.

3)  The design of the ice-rink is luxurious.

4)  The ice-rink has perfect location.

Ответ:

Which point is NOT mentioned as a part of Robin Cousins’ theory?

1)  Skaters should be motivated.

2)  Music is of great importance.

3)  The audience should be excited.

4)  The ice should be sparkling.

Ответ:

Why did Robin Cousin decide to skate for the show himself?

1)  He became too old to compete but he needed money.

2)  He couldn’t live without skating even after retiring.

3)  He wanted to give shows that are not allowed at the competitions.

4)  He was afraid of losing his skill.

Ответ:

What is the author’s attitude towards Show On Ice?

1)  negative

2)  positive

3)  indifferent

4)  sceptical

Ответ:

What does the phrase “swept up” mean?

1)  bored

2)  nervous

3)  disappointed

4)  absorbed

Ответ:

he Academy Awards

The Academy Awards, informally known as The Oscars,__________________ a

set of awards given annually for excellence of cinematic achievements. The Oscar

statuette is officially named the Academy Award of Merit and is one of nine types

of Academy Awards. (BE)

Organized and overseen by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences

(AMPAS), the awards__________________  each year at a formal ceremony.

(GIVE)

The awards firstly__________________in 1929 at a ceremony created for the

awards, at the Hotel Roosevelt in Hollywood. (GIVE)

Over the years that the award has been given, the categories

presented__________________ ; currently Oscars are given in more than a

dozen categories, and include films of various types. (CHANGE)

As one of the most prominent award ceremonies in the world, the Academy

Awards ceremony__________________ live in more than 100 countries

annually.(TELEVISE)

While the Oscar is under the ownership of the recipient, it is essentially not on

the open market. Since 1950, the statuettes__________________ by the

requirement that neither winners nor their heirs may sell the statuettes without

first offering to sell them back to the Academy for US$1. (ENCUMBER)

Mr. Bean

Mr. Bean is a series of fourteen 25-minute__________________ written by and

starring Rowan Atkinson. (EPISODE)

This British situation comedy television program is based on a

character__________________ developed by Atkinson while he was studying

for his master's degree at Oxford University. (ORIGINAL)

The series features__________________ situations occurring in the life of Mr.

Bean. (FUN)

The__________________ was described by Atkinson as "a child in a grown

man's body". (LATE)

Mr. Bean tries to solve various problems presented by everyday tasks and often

causes__________________ in the process .(DISRUPT)

Bean rarely speaks, and the largely physical humor of the series is derived from

his interactions with other people and his__________________ solutions to

situations. (USUAL)

National Tom Sawyer Days

What do Tom Sawyer and jumping frogs have in 32 ______? Stories

about 33 ______ of them were created by one man: Mark Twain. Born Samuel

Clemens (Mark Twain was his 34 ______ name). Twain was 4 when his family

moved to Hannibal, Missouri, located on the west bank of the Mississippi. Twain

grew up there and was fascinated with life along the river — the steamboats, the

giant lumber rafts, and the people who worked on them.

"The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" is one of Twain's bestloved short stories, and The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is one of his most

famous novels. Both these works are celebrated by events  35 ______ during

National Tom Sawyer Days every fourth of July. There's also a fence-painting

contest to see who can paint the fastest. The idea for this contest comes from a

scene in Tom Sawyer, in which Tom has been told to paint the fence in front of

the house he lives in. It's a beautiful day, and he would 36 ______ be doing

anything else. As his friends walk by, he convinces them it's fun to paint, and

they join 37 ______ the "fun". By the end of the day, the fence has three coats of

paint!

38 ______ the story of Tom Sawyer is fiction, it's based on fact. If you go to

Hannibal, you'll see the white fence, which still stands at Twain's boyhood home.

1)  general  2)  similar  3)  addition 4)  common

Ответ:

1)  all  2)  both  3)  each  4)  every

Ответ:

1) pen    2) imaginary  3) given  4) first

Ответ:

1)made    2)created   3)held    4)located

Ответ:

1) better   2) rather  3) prefer   4) like

Ответ:

1) to    2) on    3) for    4) in

Ответ:

1) Thus  2) Therefore  3) Furthermore  4) Although

Ответ:

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Rob who

writes:

...and then there’s this chess tournament on Saturday. If I win, I’ll be the

champion of our school. Who knows?

Oh, yeah. I wanted to ask you something. We have to write a report on

technology for school. Could you tell me a few things about how you use

technology in your life? You know, computers, mobiles, TV, that sort of things.

Oh, and tell me something about the other members of your family, too, and

how they use technology.

Anyway, I was talking to Sam the other day and he says that...

Write a letter to Rob.

In your letter

− answer his questions

− ask 3 questions about playing chess

Write 100–140 words.

Remember the rules of letter writing.

A person who is fluent in a foreign language can easily teach it.

It's more enjoyable to live in a big family.