The influence of extreme living conditions on people’s lives
презентация к уроку по английскому языку (10 класс) на тему

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Done by 10 -form students : Demchencko Alexander ; Kashin Nikita ; Ovcharenko Alexandra ; Sirunyan Edgar ; Faizrakhmanova Lilia ; Khadimullina Valeria Teachers: Elena Lapo, Galina Tikhnenko Saint-Petersburg Primorskiy district school N618 Competition (contest) of students’ research works “Multicultural world” ” People of the world. The influence of living conditions on people’s lives” The influence of extreme living conditions on people’s lives

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Choice of the subject for the research: Deciding to take part in the competition we have chosen the theme The influence of extreme living conditions on people’s lives , because it is interesting and appropriate for wide-ranging research. The theme lets research not only influence of geographical position on peoples lives, but also find similarities in the lives of people in different parts of the world living in the same extreme conditions and draw a conclusion according the aim and the goals of the research.

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The aim of the research: To define the influence of extreme living conditions on culture, traditions and people’s traits The goals: : . 1. To choose countries for research; 2. To develop a list of questions for performance of research work, to make charts to fill in the results of research; 3. Using books and Internet resources make an analysis how extreme living conditions influence culture, traditions and people’s traits; 4. To fill in tables of the research results; 5. To draw conclusions according to the results of the conducted research.

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1 . Choice of the countries for the research: 1.The countries for carrying out research work were chosen in the different parts of the world but with the same extreme conditions (volcano es , droughts, floods and others) 2.We didn’t take into account people living in the big cities as they could be born and grown up in other places. What is more country people are closer to nature. That’s why it’s easier to trace their way of life and traits. 3.Each of the project participants individually researched one of the extreme conditions; 4.Results were discussed and entered into the general table; Extreme living conditions : 1. Volcanoes 2. Floods 3 . Earthquakes 4. Droughts 5. Hurricanes 6. High level of background radiation

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Extreme living conditions Countries for research Volcanoes Italy, Iceland, Armenia, Russia Floods, underflooding Russia Earthquakes Kyrgyzstan, Armenia Droughts, deserts, heat Africa, Australia Hurricanes America High level of background radiation Chernobyl, Fukushima (Japan) 3-4 countries with extreme living conditions were chosen. Especially places where natural disasters and cataclysms have happened recently or events well known from history. 1 . Choice of the countries for the research:

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Volcanoes There are more than 1300 volcanoes in the Earth. Some of them are active, some are dormant volcanoes. Only a few are considered to be extinct. But sometimes extinct volcanoes become active. Almost in every language in the world there is an expression:” Be living on the edge of a volcano.” What does it mean?

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Volcanoes The largest volcano in Europe is Etna (Sicily). Its height is 3400 — 3600m above sea level. Ancient Greeks believed that there was the god of crafts Hermes’s smithy in Etna’s conduit . There is a national park around Etna. The soil is fertile. Volcanic eruption is a regular part of islanders’ lives. It is necessary for safety. If there is white smoke above Etna everything is OK. When smoke becomes black eruption begins. People are hospitable, concentrated and ready to evacuate any moment. They love Etna-wet nurse. People are ready to help each other and strangers. They are patient, observant. Some of them have ability to foretell.

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Volcanoes The highest extinct volcano is Azhdahak the dwelling place of dragon-in Armenia. It is the highest volcano 3596 m above sea level of the Geghama mountains dividing the basin of lake Sevan from Ararat plain. There are two meanings of Azhdahak in Armenian: giant and dragon. The nature is clean and virgin like in Stone Age there. Nothing has changed. Scenery is wonderful with meadows of alpine flowers and clear streams running from the icy caps. There is a legend connected with Azhdahak. In his nightmare the Persian Shah saw a dragon which destroyed his capital and predicted defeat in war against Armenia. And he did not attack Armenia. Native people are afraid of the place especially of Petroglyphs. They think that Azhdahak is their defender and a judge at the same time. They wait for volcano eruption. People are hospitable and concentrated. They love Azhdahak the defender. People are ready to help each other and strangers. They are patient, observant. Some of the m have ability to foretell.

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Volcanoes of Kamchatka are in the east of Russia in peninsula of Kamchatka. They are a part of the Pacific volcano ring. Nowadays there are about 29 active volcanoes in Kamchatka. They do not erupt but they let out water vapour and other gases. They have so called fumarole activity. The height of the largest volcano in Kamchatka - Klyuchevskaya Sopka – is 4750 m. It is the highest in Eurasia and one of the most active on the peninsula. Volcanoes People in Kamchatka are proud of their volcanoes. One of the symbols of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski is Koryaksky knoll. Many legends and believes are connected with volcanoes. People like joking about volcanoes. They are concentrated, responsible, can adopt to the changing conditions, hospitable, ready to help each other any moment. There is a national park “Volcanoes of Kamchatka”, Kronotsky Nature Reserve and a Reserve in the south of Kamchatka.

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Volcanoes Eyjafjallajökull . Eyjafjallajokudl ( Iceland ) Eyjafjallajokudl is the sixth biggest cone-shaped volcano in Iceland. It is situated in the south of the island 125 km to the east of Reykjavik. An icecap is above the volcano. The height of the top is 1666m , the area of the glacier is about 100 square km. The nearest settlement of Skógafoss is near the southern part of the glacier. The last eruption was in 1821-1823. It caused the threatening melting of the glacier. The volcano seemed to be dormant for about 200 years. But on the 20-th of March Eyjafjallajokudl started erupting again and caused a lot of troubles for airline traffic in Europe. People are hospitable, kindhearted, concentrated are not prone to reasoning . They can take true decision very quickly. They are always ready to help each other.

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Volcanoes To live next to volcano means: People are always ready for surprises , concentrated, they can keep themselves under control and they do not to panic. They are tough, hospitable and ready to help other people. They have a good sense of humor and the philosophical view “What must be will be”. People living near volcanoes are able to distinct troubles from misfortune , as they can recognize the state of their neighbor Volcano. Every people living near volcanoes has own legends, fairytales, myths and believes about volcanoes. They endow volcano with peoples’ traits (hot temper, spleen, shrewishness, anger etc). People like place where they were born, volcano seems to be due to the place. You cannot choose your neighbours. . But their dwellings are built in order to leave them easily, and the doors are in opposite of volcano side. Small highly disposed windows face the volcano. Foundations of buildings are durable stone and high. In other words people do everything to guard themselves, leave their homes quickly in need of evacuation and come back to the native place when it is possible. People find benefits of volcanoes

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Different kinds of floods There are a lot of territories with dangers of different kinds of floods ( zones of flood, freshets and places with high level of ground water) . Flood in Switzerland in August 2014 The flood in Romania continues killing people (video) Flood in Romania in summer 2014 (video ) A danger of flood in the Far East, the flood submerged Magadan (photo) Flood in Indonesia after the freshet Flood in Colorado (USA) in September 2013 ( photo, video ) Freshet in Khabarovsk. The danger of its peak is ahead. Flood in the western Japan in July 2013 Flood in the west of the USA, aftermath of it in April 2013 ( photo ) The flood submerged two regions in Kiev the report of t he Ministry of emergencies of Ukraine We give a list of the recent floods :

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Наводнения, подтопления, большая вода

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Earth quakes Since ancient times people have been afraid of earthquakes as they are helpless in such situations. Powerful earthquakes have killed hundred thousands peoples’ lives. Nowadays people are also unprotected. Earthquakes are regular events on the face of the earth. Earthquake shocks take place every day. Most earthquakes do not harm people or environment. People have settled all territory of our planet, therefore earthquakes trouble them everywhere. People living in big cities suffer most because there are a lot of high buildings and the risk of being buried under obstructions or in the underground and tunnels is extremely high. But we have decided not to take into account people living in the big cities.

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Засухи

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Ураганы

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High level of background radiation

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Таблица 1: Результаты исследования (пример заполнения) Вулканы Страны Местоположение на карте культура традиции верования характер людей взаимоотношения между людьми Россия Италия Исландия

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Conclusions 1. Extreme living conditions exert influence on peoples’ traits, culture, traditions and believes. 2. People living in extreme conditions are solidary. They have good neighbourly relations. People are ready to help each other. 3. People are optimistic, they have a sense of humour. They are able to joke about dangerous neighbourhood with volcano and the ways to avoid misfortune . 4. They are always concentrated, able to adopt to rapidly changing conditions. They do not tend towards having a lot of things or get attached to them. 5. They are ready to evacuate. They are observant. People can assess and analyse the real situation and even predict furthest events. 6. There are a lot of myths, fairytales, legends about extreme living conditions. Nowadays people make new stories about miraculous escape. 7. Extreme living conditions are reflected in songs, omens, proverbs and everyday life of different people. 8. People living in extreme conditions are creative, inventive and resourceful because of struggle for existence. 9. People tend towards fatalism.