Подготовка к ОГЭ (ГИА) для 9 классов - написание личного письма
материал для подготовки к егэ (гиа) по английскому языку (9 класс) на тему
Материал освещает нюансы составления письма личного характера по требованиям к экзамену ГИА для учеников 9 класса
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Ekaterinburg |
Dear William,
Thank you for your letter. It was nice to get a reply from you so soon.
You asked me to tell you how I help my parents. Well, I can say that I often help my parents. By the way, like my friends. As far as I know, everybody tries help their parents. And who will help them, if not their children?
As a rule, I am help in the garden. I dig the ground, do irrigation of vegetables, gather berries.
As for the house, we have a separation of duties. Mom cookes the food and washes clothes, dad takes out the garbage and repairs things around the house, and I wash the dishes and particular about cleanliness of rooms.
Well, I must finish now. It’s already 11 o’clock.
With best regards,
Maxim
Основной текст письма ГИА-9 по английскому языку
В начале основного текста, как правило, выражается благодарность за полученное письмо, этого требуют принятые в англоязычных странах нормы вежливости:
Thanks for your letter. | Спасибо за твое письмо. |
Thanks for your recent letter. | Спасибо за твое последнее письмо! |
Thanks for your letter, it's great to receive it! | Спасибо за твое письмо, замечательно получить его! |
В начале письма ГИА необходимо включить также ссылку на предыдущие контакты:
It's always nice to get your letters! | Всегда приятно получать твои письма! |
It was great to hear from you! | Так замечательно получить известие от тебя! |
It was great to hear from you! | Это здорово - получить весточку от тебя! |
Общая тема всех трех вопросов - помощь родителям. Это важно понять, чтобы написать первое предложение, которое будет введением в основную часть письма.
Ниже приведены некоторые образцы вводного предложения, которое определяет тему всего письма другу:
You asked me to tell you about how I help my parents. Well, I can say that... | Ты просил меня рассказать, как я помогаю своим родителям. Хорошо, я могу сказать, что... |
In your letter you asked me how I help my parents. | В своем письме ты спрашивал меня, как я помогаю своим родителям. |
In your letter you would like to know how I'm helping my parents. | В своем письме ты хотел знать, как я помогаю своим родителям. |
При написании письма в формате ГИА очень важна связность текста, что достигается за счет использования вводных слов, союзов и т.п.:
as for me | что касается меня |
unfortunately | к сожалению |
however | однако, тем не менее, вместе с тем |
as a rule | как правило |
although | хотя, несмотря на |
by the way | кстати, к слову, между прочим |
etc | и так далее, и тому подобное |
В последнем абзаце основной части письма уместно будет извиниться за окончание письма, сославшись на какие-нибудь обстоятельства:
I must go now, my mother is waiting for me. | Я должен идти, мама ждет меня. |
Well, I must finish now. It’s already 11 o’clock. | Ну, мне пора заканчивать. Сейчас уже 11 часов. |
Необходимо придерживаться четкой структуры письма:
1 абзац – адрес и дата (в правом верхнем углу)
2 абзац — обращение и приветствие
3 абзац – реакция на информацию друга
4 абзац – ответ на 1 вопрос друга
5 абзац – ответ на 2 вопрос друга
6 абзац – ответ на 3 вопрос друга
7 абзац – сообщение о желательности получения ответа
8 абзац – подпись
Схема структуры письма личного характера:
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John Fitzgerald Kennedy takes the oath of office and becomes the 35th President of the United States of America, January 20, 1961. At age 43, he is the youngest man and the first Roman Catholic ever elected, winning by one of the smallest margins of victory, only 115,000 popular votes. Lyndon B. Johnson, 51, is his Vice-president.
Left - The new President's motorcade on Pennsylvania Avenue during the inaugural parade. Right - An aerial view of the Kennedy White House.
The President and First Lady, Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy, arrive at one of numerous inaugural balls held in their honor. The festivities will last until nearly 4 a.m. the next day. Just before 9 a.m., after a few hours sleep, the President then arrives at his office for his first day as chief executive.
First Day in Office. Left - The swearing in of the Kennedy cabinet, featuring the controversial appointment of the President's younger brother Robert as U.S. Attorney General. Right - A group portrait of the Kennedy family along with Lyndon and Ladybird Johnson.
Just five days after taking office, the President holds his first news conference, televised live from the State Department auditorium. His easy going style and quick wit instantly endear him to many reporters and to the American people watching at home.
From the beginning and throughout his presidency, international tensions and political conflicts are a major preoccupation. Left - His first meeting with Soviet Foreign Affairs minister, Andrei Gromyko. Right- During a news conference discussing the problems of Laos in Southeast Asia, the President states, "The security of all Southeast Asia will be endangered if Laos loses its neutral independence." He orders more military aid including U.S. armed forces to the area.
Addressing the Nato chiefs of staff at the State Department he pledges a strengthening of conventional forces and an effective nuclear capability.
The Space Race. Left - The President, First Lady and Vice-president watch Alan Shepard on television become the first U.S. astronaut by making a 15 minute suborbital flight, May 5, 1961. Following the later launch into orbit of John Glenn, the President visited Cape Canaveral in Florida and presented Glenn with NASA's Distinguished Service Medal. Right - Astronaut Glenn shows the President the space capsule in which he traveled into orbit and circled the earth three times.
At the request of his brother Robert, standing behind him, the President signs three tough new anti-crime bills targeting organized crime. The bills prohibit telephone betting, interstate transportation for purposes of racketeering and commercial transportation of betting equipment.
Left - The President meets with eager young Peace Corps volunteers before they depart for Africa. Shortly after taking office, the President created the Peace Corps hoping to inspire young Americans to serve overseas in developing countries. Right - Cashing in on his popularity, the President makes a speech during a Fall campaign swing through several states to help Democrats in local 1962 elections.
Scenes from Camelot. Left - Renowned Spanish cellist Pablo Casals performs at the White House. Right - During a formal White House dinner, an enchanted guest chats with the President and First Lady, who are now widely considered the most glamorous couple in the world.
Left - Entertainer Danny Kaye chats with the President while Judy Garland leans against the president's desk. Right - Rose Kennedy and her son at the first awards ceremony for the Joseph P. Kennedy, Jr. Foundation, which helps children in need.
Left - A very relaxed first family at Hyannis Port in the summer of 1962. This picture was one of Jacqueline's favorites. Right - Fun in the oval office as the President encourages young Caroline and little John Jr. to dance.
The October Missile Crisis. Left - After reviewing aerial photos indicating the placement of Soviet missiles in Cuba, the President speaks to the nation on TV, October 22, 1962, and reports "unmistakable evidence...of offensive missile sites now in preparation...to provide a nuclear strike capability against the Western Hemisphere...It shall be the policy of this nation to regard any nuclear missile launched from Cuba...as an attack by the Soviet Union on the United States, requiring a full retaliatory response upon the Soviet Union."
Left - The President with his chief adviser, his brother Robert. Right - On October 23, the President signs a proclamation prohibiting shipment to Cuba of missiles and other weapons, and authorizing the U.S. military to intercept and search any ships heading toward Cuba. The whole world then waits to see what will happen. Days later, the Soviets back down and agree to remove the missiles from Cuba if the U.S. will lift the blockade and guarantee no U.S. invasion of Cuba.
Amid the tremendous tension of international affairs, family life goes on at the White House. Left - The arrival of family and guests for Caroline's 5th birthday party. Right - The First Family including Caroline who is all dressed up for her birthday.
Civil Rights. Another preoccupation of the Kennedy White House is the struggle of African-Americans for equal treatment. On June 11, 1963, the President orders Alabama Governor George Wallace to cease and desist from obstructing black students from attending the University of Alabama. Left - That night, the President delivers a major televised address on civil rights. "It ought to be possible...for every American to enjoy the privileges of being American without regard to his race or color." Right - In August, leaders of the March on Washington, including Martin Luther King, Jr. and Roy Wilkins, meet to discuss civil rights.
Left - The President speaking in Las Vegas during a five-day trip to Western U.S. states to encourage conservation of natural resources. September 28, 1963. Right - On the south balcony of the White House, the President and his family enjoy a British bagpipe performance with the ambassador of Great Britain. November 13, 1963.
Dallas. Arrival of the President and First Lady at Love Field, November 22, 1963. The presidential motorcade then leaves for a 45 minute trip downtown where the President is scheduled to speak to a meeting of the Citizens Council. The President and First Lady ride in an open-top limousine accompanied by Texas Governor John B. Connally and his wife. At 12:30 p.m. on Elm Street in downtown Texas the motorcade slowly approaches a triple underpass. Shots ring out. The President is struck in the back, then in the head and is mortally wounded. Gov. Connally is also struck.
At Parkland Memorial Hospital, the president's limo remains outside the emergency room where some fifteen doctors try in vain to save him. At 1 p.m. John Fitzgerald Kennedy is pronounced dead.
Left - At 2:38 p.m. on board Air Force One, Lyndon B. Johnson is sworn in as the 36th President of the United States while Jacqueline Kennedy observes. Air Force One then takes off with the body of the slain president aboard. Right - Arrival at Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland, of the body of John Fitzgerald Kennedy.
Left - President Johnson briefly addresses the nation from the Air Force Base - "...I ask for your help and God's." Right - The immediate family including Jacqueline, Caroline, John Jr., and Robert, view the closed casket in the East Room of the White House.
Mid - The body leaves the White House, taken to the Capitol building for public viewing. Right - The family leaves St. Mathews Cathedral after the funeral mass. The body of President Kennedy is then taken to Arlington National Cemetery for burial.
The oval office of President Kennedy, now vacant and silent.
Thank you for your attention!
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