Colonial America (presentation)
презентация к уроку по английскому языку (8, 9 класс)

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COLONIAL AMERICA Prepared by: Shestakova A. N.

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Colonial America Warlike Vikings were the first who arrived on the American continent. It was in 985 AD. They tried to gain a foothold in this country and it lasted for about 40 years. Then , in 1492, Columbus appeared, followed by other Europeans who were drawn to the continent by the thirst for profit and simple adventurism. V VIKINGS

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It happened in 1492, 12 October. Since that time, 34 states in America celebrate Columbus Day on 12, October It is not surprising that when Columbus, being of Italian descent, discovered America all of Spain flocked to this strange country. The Spaniards were followed by France and England. Thus began the colonization of America.

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The Colonial America Time Period covers the time in early American history from 1607 to 1776 Traditionally, when we have a talk about “Colonial America,” we are talking about the English colonies along the Eastern seaboard . By the time Englishmen had begun to establish colonies in earnest, there were plenty of French, Spanish, Dutch and even Russian colonial outposts on the American continent. But the story of 13 colonies (New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia) is an important one. They were those colonies that came together to form the United States. These colonies stretched from New Hampshire in the north to Georgia in the south.

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In those early days, America was an abundance of natural resources and a vast expanse of uncultivated land, where a friendly local population lived. Amerindians lived as wandering hunters and gatherers of food The Iroquois were a group of tribes who lived far away from the Pueblo and the Apache in the thick woods of northeastern North America

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Newcomers were different skin colors and their income differed too. T heir reasons for coming to the New World were also different. Some were attracted by the desire to start a new life, others wanted to become rich, and there were those who suffered from their religion, wanted to be free in it.

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Having initially met with no resistance from the local population, the Europeans behaved like aggressors, killing and enslaving the Amerindians . They burned Indian villages and killed their inhabitants. Spaniards were the worst invaders. Following the Europeans, diseases also came to the continent. So the epidemics of measles and smallpox, gave the process of extermination of the local population a stunning speed. But from the end of the 16th century, powerful Spain began to lose its influence on the continent, which was greatly facilitated by the weakening of its power, both on land and at sea. And the dominant position in the American colonies passed to England, Holland and France.

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In the far north was the New England group, centered on Massachusetts . Most newcomers from this group were small farmers or craftsmen. working the stony soil and governing themselves in small towns and villages . That group was named “The Pilgrims” The first English settlement in North America had actually been established in 1607 and was called Jamestown. The Jamestown colonials had a rough time of it: they were so busy looking for gold and other exportable resources that they could barely feed themselves. It was until 1616, when Virginia’s settlers learned how to grow tobacco, that it seemed the colony might survive .

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“The Pilgrims” " Pilgrims“ were people who made a journey for religious reasons – they tried to find religious freedom. They were English men and women who sailed across the Atlantic Ocean in 1620 . Sometimes they are called Pilgrim Fathers by Americans.

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The Pilgrims' ship was an old trading vessel - The Mayflower, that had faced a much more dangerous voyage. Its voyage lasted 65 days. On December 21, 1620, the Pilgrims rowed ashore and set up camp at a place they named Plymouth. It became the second settlement on the American continent. Since November, 1621 the Pilgrim Fathers’ Day or Thanksgiving Day is celebrated in the USA.

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It’s celebrated on the fourth Thursday of November in the USA

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With the help of local natives, the colonists soon got the hang of farming, fishing and hunting, and Massachusetts prospered.

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Summing up, I will say that in the 15-18th centuries, Spanish, English, French and other settlements appeared on the American continent, which began to be called colonies, and their inhabitants — colonists. As a result of colonization, the Amerindians were mostly driven out of the colonies or exterminated, and their lands were captured. The struggle for the colonies became the cause of major military clashes with the European powers .

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Источники: Bryn O'Callaghan “An illustrated history of the USA” https:// www.history.com/topics/colonial-america/thirteen-colonies https:// www.landofthebrave.info/colonial-america-time-period.htm https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Колониальная_история_США