British English and American English
статья на тему
статья на тему "British English and American English"
Скачать:
| Вложение | Размер |
|---|---|
 am_e_bre.doc_full1.doc | 151 КБ |
Предварительный просмотр:
University
In the UK, a university student is said to study, to read or informally simply to do a subject. In the recent past the expression 'to read a subject' was more common at the older universities such as Oxford and Cambridge. In the US, a student studies or majors in a subject (although concentration or emphasis is also used in some US colleges or universities to refer to the major subject of study). To major in something refers to the student's principal course of study, while to study may refer to any class being taken.
BrE:
"She did biology at Warwick." (informal)
"She studied biology at Cambridge."
"She read biology at Cambridge."
AmE:
"She majored in biology at Harvard."
"She concentrated on biology at Harvard."
At university level in BrE, each module is taught by a lecturer or tutor, while professor is the job-title of a senior academic. In AmE, each class is generally taught by a professor (although some US tertiary educational institutions follow the BrE usage), while the position of lecturer is occasionally given to individuals hired on a temporary basis to teach one or more classes and who may or not have a doctoral degree.
The word course in American use typically refers to the study of a restricted topic (for example, a course in Early Medieval England, a course in Integral Calculus) over a limited period of time (such as a semester or term) and is equivalent to a module at a British university. In the UK, a course of study is likely to refer to a whole program of study, which may extend over several years, and be made up of any number of modules.
General terms
In the UK, a student is said to sit or take an exam, while in the US, a student takes an exam. The expression he sits for an exam also arises in BrE, but only rarely in AmE; American lawyers-to-be sit for their bar exams, and American master's and doctoral students may sit for their comprehensive exams, but in nearly all other instances, Americans take their exams. When preparing for an exam, students revise (BrE)/review (AmE) what they have studied; the BrE idiom to revise for has the equivalent to review for in AmE.
Examinations are supervised by invigilators in the UK and proctors (or (exam) supervisors) in the US (a proctor in the UK is an official responsible for student discipline at the University of Oxford or Cambridge). In the UK, a teacher sets an exam, while in the US, a teacher writes (prepares) and then gives (administers) an exam.
BrE:
"I sat my Spanish exam yesterday."
"I plan to set a difficult exam for my students, but I don't have it ready yet."
AmE:
"I took my exams at Yale."
"I spent the entire day yesterday writing the exam. I'm almost ready to give it to my students."
Equivalent Idioms
A number of English idioms that have essentially the same meaning show lexical differences between the British and the American version; for instance:
British English | American English |
not touch something with a bargepole страшно прикоснуться not fit to be touched with a barge pole — такой отвратительный, что страшно прикоснуться | not touch something with a ten-foot pole не подходить ближе, чем на пушечный выстрел (к) — not to go anywhere (near); ≈ not to touch (d) with a ten-foot pole |
sweep under the carpet sweep smth. under the rug скрывать, замалчивать что-л.; спрятать что-л. под сукно The problem can't be swept under the carpet. — Эту проблему нельзя замалчивать. | sweep under the rug |
touch wood стучать по дереву, чтобы не накликать беду Touch wood! — Постучите по дереву! | knock on wood |
see the wood for the trees | see the forest for the trees |
throw a spanner (in the works) to throw a spanner in the works — вставлять палки в колёса | throw a (monkey) wrench (in the works) |
tuppence worth | two cents' worth, sometimes shortened to two cents |
skeleton in the cupboard (семейный) "скелет в шкафу", шокирующая семейная тайна | skeleton in the closet |
blow one's trumpet | blow (or toot) one's horn |
a drop in the ocean\ капля | a drop in the bucket[1] |
a new lease of life to have a new lease of life 1) воспрянуть духом 2) выйти из ремонта (о вещи) | a new lease on life |
if the cap fits (wear it) if the cap fits, wear it — если вы относите это на свой счёт, вам виднее | if the shoe (or hat) fits (wear it) |
lie of the land положение вещей | lay of the land |
British English | American English |
Dual carriageway | Divided highway |
Sleeping Policeman / | Speed bump |
Car park | Parking Lot |
Car Journey / drive | Road Trip |
Zebra Crossing / | Cross Walk |
Lollipop Man or Lady | Crossing Guard |
Motorway | Freeway/throughway |
Motorway | Super highway |
Traffic Jam / Tailback | Traffic Jam |
Lorry | Truck |
Articulated Lorry | Tractor Trailer / |
Estate car | Station wagon |
Petrol | Gas / Gasoline |
Pavement | Sidewalk |
Petrol Station | Gas Station |
Skip | Dumpster |
Diversion | Detour |
Lay-by | Pull-off |
Cul-de-sac | Dead end |
Roundabout (road) | Traffic circle |
Fly-over | Overpass |
Fire Engine | Fire Truck |
Phone Box | Telephone Booth |
Overtake (vehicle) | Pass |
Convoy | Caravan |
Caravan | Trailer |
Clothes
British English | American English |
Trousers | Pants |
Pants / Underwear / Knickers | Underwear / panties |
briefs/underpants | shorts/jockey shorts |
Jumper / Pullover / Sweater / | Sweater |
Pinafore Dress | Jumper |
Vest | Undershirt |
Waistcoat | Vest |
Wellington Boots / Wellies | Galoshes |
Mac (slang for Macintosh) | Rain Coat |
Plimsolls | Gym Shoes |
Trainers | Sneakers |
Braces | Suspenders |
Suspenders | Holds up stockings |
Dressing Gown | Robe |
Nappy | Diaper |
Pinny / Apron | Apron |
Polo Neck | Turtle Neck |
Dressing Gown | Bath Robe |
Swimming costume / Cozzy | Bathing Suit |
Dungarees | Overalls |
dressing-gown | bathrobe |
bootlace/shoelace | shoestring |
bowler/hard hat | derby |
At School
British English | American English |
Friend / Mate | Friend |
Rubber | Eraser |
Maths | Math |
Public School | Private School |
State School | Public School |
Holiday | Vacation |
Packed lunch | Sack lunch/bag lunch |
School dinner | Hot Lunch |
Staff Room | Teachers Lounge |
Plimsolls | Gym Shoes |
"Mucking Around" / Off Task | Off Task / Fooling Around / |
Play Time / Break Time | Recess |
Open Day / Open Evening | Open House |
Marking Scheme | Grading Scheme |
Drawing pins | pushpins or thumbtacks |
Headmaster/mistress | Principal |
Caretaker/porter | Janitor |
In and around the House
British English | American English |
The Toilet / Loo / The John / | Bathroom / Restroom |
Bathroom - the room where the bath is. If you asked us for the bathroom we will think you want to have a bath! | |
Tap | Faucet |
Garden | Backyard / Yard |
Cupboard | Closet |
Wardrobe | Closet |
Curtains | Drapes |
Net curtains | Sheers/under drapes |
Bin / Dust Bin | Trash Can |
Telephone / Blower / Phone | Telephone |
Television / Box / Telly/ TV | TV / Television |
Cooker e.g. gas cooker, electric cooker | Range or Stove |
Couch / Sofa / Settee | Sofa |
Hand Basin / Sink | Sink |
Run the bath | Fill the tub |
Bath | Bath tub |
Bath (v.) | Bathe |
Wireless / Radio | Radio |
Clothes peg | Clothes pin |
Sitting room | Living room |
Living room | Living room |
Lounge | Living room |
Drawing room | Living room |
Sofa | Davenport/couch |
Food
British English | American English |
Scone | Biscuit |
Fairy Cake | Cup Cake |
Courgette | Zucchini |
Sweets | Candy |
Sausage / Banger | Sausage |
Crisps | Chips |
Chips | French Fries |
Starter | Appetizer |
Puddings / Afters / Dessert / | Dessert |
Jacket Potato / Baked Potato | Baked Potato |
Jam | Jelly or Jam |
Jelly (a dessert in th UK) | Jell-o (flavoured gelatin) |
Aubergine | Eggplant |
Sandwich / Butty / Sarny | Sandwich |
Ice lolly | Popsicle |
Bill (at restaurant) | check |
Grill (oven grill) | Broil (oven broil) |
Food / Grub / Nosh | Food |
Rasher | A slice of bacon |
Eggy bread (fried) | French Toast |
Runner beans | Green beans |
broad bean | lima bean |
Soldiers | Finger sized slices of toast. |
bap | hamburger bun |
Take-away | Take out |
biscuit (sweet) | cookie |
corn flour | corn starch |
desiccated (coconut) | shredded |
icing sugar | powdered sugar |
icing sugar | confectioner’s sugar |
kipper | smoked herring |
marrow | squash |
semolina | cream of wheat |
sorbet | sherbet |
Swiss roll | jelly roll |
black treacle | molasses |
black or white?(coffee) | with or without? |
candyfloss | cotton candy |
Flapjacks in England are oats mixed with honey and/or golden syrup and baked then cut into slices. sometimes raisins are |
По теме: методические разработки, презентации и конспекты
Конспект урока - конференции "English and American Writers"
Урок - конференция "English and American Writers" разработан для учащихся 6-х классов школ с углублённым изучением английского языка....
Презентация к уроку конференции "English and American Writers"
Данная презентация создана как дополнительный материал к уроку конференции "English and American Writers" по УМК авторов Верещагиной и Афанасьевой....
British and American English
информация...
Differences between American English and British English
презентация...
Differences in American English words and British English
Many American words are different in meaning, pronunciation, and spelling from that of British English words. Therefore, English learners must focus on these differences. It applies not only to stude...