Passive Voice
презентация к уроку по английскому языку (8 класс)

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В английском языке существует два залога — активный (active voice) и пассивный или страдательный (passive voice). В активном залоге действие выполняет подлежащее. В пассивном залоге действие происходит над подлежащим.

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Mary cleans the office every morning. — Мэри убирает офис каждое утро . Active voice Passive voice The office is cleaned every morning. — Офис убирают каждое утро .

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S he asked her students to come earlier . — Она попросила студентов прийти раньше. Active voice Passive voice The students were asked to come earlier. — Студентов попросили прийти раньше .

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Страдательный залог в английском языке образуется с помощью вспомогательного глагола to be и смыслового глагола в третьей форме. На месте подлежащего в утвердительных предложениях будет стоять человек или предмет, над которым будет производиться действие.

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To be + V ed /V 3 Образование Passive Voice в Present Simple am is are

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1)Mushrooms are usually picked up in the forest. 2)London is visited by hundreds of tourists. 3)Hockey is played in winter. 4)Money is kept in a bank. Examples

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To be + V ed /V 3 Образование Passive Voice в Past Simple was were

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1)The fish was caught by the seagull.. 2) The big cake was baked by Sam. 3) I was invited to the party. 4) The parents were met at the station. Examples

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Для образования отрицательной формы пассивного залога необходима частица not . Ставим ее после вспомогательного глагола.

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I am not sent to Moscow. The students were not shown a new text-book. The text wasn’t written . 4) The house wasn’t built . Examples

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Чтобы задать вопрос в пассивном залоге, необходимо поставить вспомогательный глагол на первое место.

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1) Was he sent to Moscow? 2) Was the match canceled because of the weather? 3) Were the cards written ? 4) Are mushrooms picked up in the forest? Examples

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Если необходимо назвать лицо, которое совершает действие, то пользуются предлогом by .

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1) John found a small silver box in the garden . Let’s practice! 1) A small silver was found in the garden by John. 2 ) Mr. Morrison hung the picture on the wall. 2) The picture was hung on the wall be Mr. Morrison.

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3 ) Jason learnt the poem by heart. Let’s practice! 3 ) The poem was learnt by heart. 4) Our school football team won the final match. 4 ) The final match was won by our school football team.

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5)The girls did the exercises after classes. Let’s practice! 5) The exercises were done after classes. 6 ) Barbara took these pictures while travelling in Africa. 6) These pictures were taken by Barbara while travelling in Africa.

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7) Jane chose the blue dress because it was longer. Let’s practice! 7 ) The blue dress was chosen by Jane because it was longer. 8) Alice cut the cake into small pieces. 8 ) The cake was cut into small pieces by Jane.

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9 ) Mrs. Biggs kept the old letters in a small green box. Let’s practice! 9) The old letters were kept in a small green box by Mrs. Biggs.