Тренировочные упражнения. Чтение.
материал для подготовки к егэ (гиа, 9, 10, 11 класс) на тему

Аудирование 1

Choose from the list A-F a sentence that describes each speaker. Use letters only once. There is an extra letter which you do not need to use.

Speaker 1

Parents all over the world give money to their children. When teenagers get money they feel they are adult and think

they are free and independent. But I don’t think so. You can be independent if you earn the money you are spending.

Speaker 2

Everybody in the world has to have money, and parents understand this by giving money to their children.

A lot of teenagers think that they can spend money which belongs to their parents however they want. And they usually impulsively buy trivial things. If you get money from your parents, you must spend it wisely.

Speaker 3

My parents always give me pocket money. I often buy food in the school canteen, or books, CDs or DVDs, but not

all the time. Before some events, for example, New Year’s, Christmas, or a birthday of my sister, I begin to save my

pocket money so I can buy presents for my relatives and friends. Besides, I think that that it is more pleasant to give

presents than to receive them. If I see a poor man or a tramp, I always give them some money.

Speaker 4

I’m always thrilled to be spending my own money, and in the last year, I’ve become more aware of what to spend it on. It is very good to save money for the future… Rockefeller, the famous American millionaire, told a funny story how he became a millionaire. “My mother gave me pocket money every day to buy breakfast in school. I saved this money. She also gave me pocket money in the university. I saved this money too… After that my uncle died and left me his million. Then I became a millionaire.”

Speaker 5

My parents want to teach me to use money sensibly. They opened a bank account for me so that I could learn to save. They always give me money every month so that I could learn to budget. But they always help out if there’s something special I need that I can’t afford.

A. If you get money from your parents you, you must spend it sensibly.

B. To give presents is more pleasant than to receive them.

C. I’ve become more mindful of what to spend my money on.

D. You are not free and independent if you don’t earn your money by yourself.

E. My parents think that teens waste money.

F. My parents always help out if there’s something special I need.

2. Listen to three people talking about reasons that make people lie.

WHY DO PEOPLE LIE?

Listen to this speaker and complete the sentences.

Speaker 1. Why do people lie? …Oh, there are lots of reasons for telling lies. Firstly, some people want to seem better than they are in reality; they embroider the stories – they are keen on making an impression on others. Secondly, our world is full of swindlers, who want to become rich and make a profi t out of somebody else’s work – using fraud. We also lie when we want to justify our actions. Some people are fond of slandering, distorting facts to make others’ reputation worse. Persons of this kind are simply envious.

1. Some people want to seem _____________.

2. We also lie when we want to____________.

3. Some people are fond of slandering, distorting facts to____________.

Listen to these speakers and replace the underlined words in these sentences. What did the speakers actually say?

Speaker 2. …Telling lies is dangerous. To begin with, the deception will come out anyway. Then, if you keep on lying, you can forget what you said falsely before. Finally your conscience will feel guilty if you are a bit of an honest person. So to deceive is not right, but I don’t object to telling “white lies” sometimes. I think we shouldn’t make up different unbelievable stories; but in some cases it’s better simply not to tell the truth.

1. Telling lie is risky.

2. The fraud will come out anyway.

3. I think we shouldn’t make up different incredible stories.

Speaker 3. Some people have to lie because their profession includes deceiving. Firstly, some fi gures of show business make up their life-stories, various piquant details for their biographies; these persons can even spread a scandalous rumour to attract attention. Secondly, some yellow press journalists distort facts to make sensation for the ratings of their publications. Average people like hot news of celebrities. Then politicians lie in some cases when they promise impossible things to win an election. Actually, lawyers also lie to win trials; advertisers deceive the public with false claims, etc.

1. Some people have to lie because their profession involves deceiving. _______

2. Some fi gures of show business invent their life-stories.________

3. Some yellow press journalists disfi gure facts to make a sensation for the ratings of their publications. _________

3. Before listening decide whether you agree or disagree with these statements.

TEEN MAGAZINES: PROS AND CONS

1. With the right reader attitude, magazines for teenage girls can be fun, relaxing and informative. _____

2. Sometimes it is not clear whether the magazine is intended for teenage girls or women. _______

3. Teen magazines include articles about real-life situations that teen girls encounter. _______

4. They print information which is interesting and useful for teenagers, they are not “dumb”. _______

5. They pressure young girls to achieve an ideal that isn’t realistic.

6. Sometimes the articles in the magazine encourage girls to grow up too soon. _______

7. Teen magazines have become international. This is important.______

1) Listen to this interview. Match the speakers and interviewer

with the sentences 1–7 above.

Interviewer: Teen magazines often mean “magazines for teenage girls”. Teen girls today are the biggest part of the

audience of teen magazines, so more magazines are created especially for them. Some of the most popular teen

magazines are ELLE girl, Seventeen, Oops, Yes, Cool girl. There are a lot of discussions going on about the positive and negative infl uences of these magazines. Sometimes it is not clear whether the magazine is intended for teenage girls or women. It’s also sad if the articles in the magazine encourage girls to grow up too soon. Unfortunately, this sometimes occurs in Russian teen magazines. What is your attitude to teen magazines? Why do you like or dislike these magazines?

Speaker A

Teen magazines have become international. Issues of the same magazines are published in different countries, in the

language of that country. For example, there is a Russian ELLE girl, an American one and others. This is important,

because teens from different countries can communicate with each other through the magazine. We live in the age of

the Internet, and since many of these magazines have websites, international communication between readers has become even easier.

Speaker B

Teen magazines include articles about real-life situations that teen girls encounter, not just entertainment material and articles about beauty and fashion. The magazines refl ect the changing role of the modern teenage girl and the expectations and ideas she has to deal with.

Speaker C

I like the magazines because they are bright, they print information which is interesting and useful for teenagers; they are not “dumb”; and they respect their readers by publishing articles about real-life problem of the modern girl.

Speaker D

I don’t like these magazines. There are two reasons. First, they pressure young girls to achieve an ideal that isn’t realistic. This mostly has to do with advertising and printing pictures in fashion stories of models who are too thin. Secondly, the products featured in them are incredibly expensive.

Speaker E

Teen magazines are created by people for people – for girls. OK, teenage girls are sometimes vulnerable and they need protection from bad ideas. Magazines sometimes overdo it with advertising and pressing a certain beauty ideal. But there should be faith in the fact that readers do have brains and are capable of choosing what is real and what is destructive. Most importantly girls should believe in themselves and follow their intuition. No magazines control girls – they control what they like and do not like. With the right reader attitude, magazines for teenage girls can be fun, relaxing and informative.

2) Listen again and decide whether these sentences are true or false.

Interviewer

1. Sometimes American teen magazines encourage girls to grow up too soon. ______

2. Sometimes Russian teen magazines encourage girls togrow up too soon. ______

Speaker A

3. Issues of the same magazines are published in different countries. _____

4. A Russian ELLE girl differs from an American one._______

Speaker B

5. She would like teen magazines to include articles about real-life situations. ______

6. Teen magazines include too much entertainment material. _______

Speaker C

7. She likes the magazines because they are not “dumb”. ____

8. She would like the magazines to respect their readers more. ______

Speaker D

9. She doesn’t like the magazines because they impose unachievable ideals.

10. She likes realistic stories of young girls who have become successful.

Speaker E

11. Teenage girls sometimes need protection from bad ideas.

12. Magazines control girls.

4. You will hear three people talking about their cinemagoing habits and preferences.

Speaker 1

I go to the cinema whenever I can. It depends whether there’s anything good or not. I’m quite choosy about what

which is important to us. I like kind fi lms, which contain hope for a better life.

Speaker 2

I go to the cinema quite a lot. It depends really how much time I’ve got or what I’m doing. Sometimes I go every week for a phase and see everything interesting that’s on. Then I may not go again for a month or so. Surely, fi lms serve as a form of entertainment. But entertainment is not the only purpose of fi lms. I am truly convinced that fi lms should awake the best, the lightest and highest feeling in every person.

Speaker 3

I’m really fanatical about movies. I love cinema. I like screen versions of famous novels. Cinema should tell us

about different aspects of life, should give us the matter for thinking … But I don’t believe everything I see in fi lms and I don’t like cruel fi lms with meaningless violence.

Which speaker...

1. is really fanatical about movies? ____

2. goes to the cinema quiet a lot? ____

3. is very choosy about what he likes to see? __________

4. likes kind fi lms? ____

5. thinks that fi lms serve as a form of entertainment? ____

6. thinks that entertainment is not the only purpose of fi lms?____

7. doesn’t believe everything he/she sees in fi lms? ____

8. likes screen versions of famous novels? _____

5. You will hear fi ve people talking about different environmental problems. Choose from the list A-F which problem each one is discussing. There is one extra letter which you do not need to use.

1. …The greatest environment disaster affecting the planet is not genetically modifi ed foods or crops, the felling of

tropical rainforests, proliferation of dangerous chemicals or even global warming, but the scourge of dirty drinking

water. It kills 2.2 million a year in developing countries. Most victims are children.

2. …Vehicles are among the worst sources of air pollution. Walk short distances, ride a bicycle or use public transport  if it is available. Failing that, try to share a car.

3. ...About 2.5 billion people cannot get any form of modern energy, but rely on burning wood, crop wastes and animal dung for heat and cooking. In rural India, for example only a third of households have access to electricity.

4. The lower part of the stratosphere contains a band of warm gas called the ozone layer. Ozone absorbs very shortwave ultraviolet radiation – that is, the harmful, burning rays from the sun. These rays kill plants and cause burns, skin cancer, and cataracts in animals and man.

5. …The Mediterranean Sea occupies 1 percent of the world’s water surface. But it is the dumping-ground for 50

percent of all marine pollution. Sixteen countries border on the Mediterranean. Almost all of them regularly dump

shiploads of industrial waste a few miles off shore.

A. Nuclear waste

B. Shortage of clean water

C. Shortage of energy

D. Air pollution

E. The ozone layer

F. Water pollution

6. Listen to the conversation between the tourist (T) and the druggist (D) and make the text below complete.

D. Good morning, can I help you?

T. Hope so. Can you recommend something for insect bites?

D. Are they mosquito bites?

T. I think so. I don’t …

D. Do you mind if I see them?

T. OK, it’s…

D. Oh, right, oh yes,…. do they itch?

T. Yes.

D. OK, I recommend an anti-itching cream. I think if you put that on … and the most important thing is not to scratch them. Because you’ll be tempted.

T. I know, I’ve got sensitive skin, though… You sure it’s gonna be ….?

D. You’ll be OK with this cream. It’s very, very mild, but that should help you. You know, prevention is the most important thing, so could I also recommend an insect repellent spray for you to spray in your room at night?

D. OK, that’s a good idea.

D. Yes? Ok, I’ll get you one of those, and that way you won’t have the bites.

D. So, how much is that going to cost me?

The tourist wants to buy something for (1)________________.

 He doesn’t know if they are (2)________________.

The druggist recommends him an (3)___________________.

He warns the tourist (4)____ ____ _______the insect bites and also recommends him to buy an insect

(5)_______ _______.

7. Read a letter of complaint of inadequate facilities in shops for parents with children and choose the best answer for questions 1-5.

…I’m writing because I think supermarkets should be more careful about stacking products that are dangerous to children. I was in a supermarket with my three-year-old daughter, in the aisle where they sell cleaning products. And while I was putting some washing-up liquid in my basket, she got hold of a bottle of bleach from the bottom shelf and opened it in a second. It had a fl ip-up top, not a screw top, so any small child could open it. She spilled some of the contents on the fl oor, and I was lucky to get it away from her before any of it got into her eyes or onto her skin. On the bottle it said quite clearly: Warning: Irritant keep out of the reach of children. I took the bottle to the assistant at the cash desk and told her that the bottle shouldn’t have been on the bottom shelf where a small child could reach it. They should put products like that on the upper shelves. But instead of apologizing, she said I shouldn’t have let my little girl open it, and spill it, and wanted to charge me for it. I insisted on seeing the manager, and he didn’t charge me, but he didn’t see any need to take any action about moving the bottles to another shelf, either. So the danger remains for the other children.

1. A customer is complaining about

A. supermarkets selling dangerous products in screw top vials.

B. supermarkets not stacking dangerous products on the upper shelves.

C. supermarkets not putting dangerous products on the bottom shelf.

2. Which of the following is not true according the text?

A. The woman didn’t manage to get the bottle away from the girl.

B. The girl spilled some of the contents on the floor.

C. No liquid got into her eyes.

3. The assistant at the cash desk

A. admitted their fault and apologized.

B. charged the woman that she shouldn’t have let her little daughter get hold of the bottle.

C. didn’t charge the woman but didn’t admit their fault.

4. The manager

A. didn’t see any danger for the other children.

B. promised to take some action about keeping dangerous products.

C. made the assistant at the cash desk apologize.

5. The woman wants

A. the manager and the assistant at the cash desk to be punished.

B. the manager and the assistant at the cash desk to be more polite and to apologize.

C. staff to be careful about stacking products like that.

8.

1. Listen to Lena’s story and decide whether the statements below are true (T) or false (F)  according to the text.

CHOOSING A CAREER: GENERATION GAP

I decided to become a professional musician. I knew it would be diffi cult, but I wanted to try. But my father didn’t

like the idea. Of course, I didn’t want to tell him at fi rst, because I knew he wouldn’t understand. But one day my father said he wanted to talk to me. He asked me what I intended to do when I left school. I told him I wanted to be a musician. He said that a career in music was very risky. He said I ought to become an accountant, because it was a very safe job. We talked for a long time. The longer we talked the more depressed I got. Of course, I could see

my father was right in a way. I knew it would be more sensible to pass my exam and get a safe job. But I didn’t want todo that. I was only interested in playing the guitar. That was what I wanted to do!

True (T) or False (F)?

1. Lena chose a career of professional musician. ________

2. Lena’s father wanted her to have a safe job. ________

3. The longer they talked the more depressed both of them got. _______

4. Lena knew it would be more sensible to be an accountant._______

5. Lena’s father persuaded her to pass her exam and get asafe job. _______

2. Listen again, and for questions 1-4, complete the sentences with a word or a phrase.

1. Lena knew it would be diffi cult to become ___________.

2. Lena’s father thought that a career in music was very______.

3. Lena could see my father was right in a _______.

4. Lena ________ in playing the guitar.

3. Vocabulary

1. Match English and Russian words and expressions.

1) required a) быть приученным к

2) to be/get accustomed to b) невежество, незнание

3) academic background c) фундаментальная подготовка, фундаментельное образование

4) profound d) юноша

5) ignorance e) глубокий, основательный

6) an adolescent f) обязательный

2. Make the sentences complete using one of these words and expressions.

1) Children must _______ to studying from the beginning.

2) How many ____ subjects have you got on your timetable?

3) Our school is famous for its ability to give _______knowledge.

4) He hopes that his _______ will provide him a successful future.

5) _______of the law is no excuse.

6) This_______ was named a “Young Innovator Who Will Create the Future”.

3. Complete the table.

verb noun adjective

ignorance

complicate

intended

afford graduate, graduation

award

occur

4. Complete these sentences using one of the words from the table above. Don’t forget to use the correct form of the verbs.

1. He is not stupid, he is ________.

2. Good acts are better than good _______.

3. I can’t ______ to pay for private lessons.

4. Our teacher always ________ our life.

5. After _______ from the university, you have another problem – how to fi nd a good job.

6. What do you ______ doing after fi nishing school?

7. The solution to my life ___ to me one evening while I was preparing for psychology: I want to be a psychiatrist.

8. Who should get the ______ for the project?

By Youdif Boyarskaya,

School No. 814, Moscow

Источник: Журнал English. Издательство «Первое сентября». №3- 2015. с.36-39